HomeMy WebLinkAboutFS 2007-01-16 Item 2G - Report - December 14 Windstorm After Action Report
INFORMATIONAL MEMORANDUM
To:
Mayor Mullet
From:
Emergency Management Directo~
January 10, 2007
Date:
Subject:
December 14th Windstorm After Action Report
ISSUE:
Discuss fmdings and recommendations stemming from the December 14,2006 windstorm.
BACKGROUND:
A windstorm struck the City during the late evening hours of December 14th and continued into
the early morning hours of December 15,2006 causing significant portions of the City to be
without power and telephone service. The high winds caused downed trees, snapped utility poles,
roof damage, and twenty different City streets to be impassable.
DISCUSSION:
The National Incident Management System (NIMS) requires each agency to conduct an After
Action Review in order to:
1. Document the response activities;
2. Identify successes/problems during emergency operations; and
3. Make recommendations to improve mitigation, response, and recovery activities.
Overall the City and its residents were lucky - just a loss of power and no significant damage to
structures. There were no storm-related injuries. Response and recovery operations went very
well. City roads and services were restored within three days.
The City did an excellent job in planning, responding, and recovering from the windstorm. This
third event for 2006 once again proved that as long as the First Responder Team is able to handle
an incident, the residents and this City are in capable hands. However, Tukwila's residents are
totally unprepared to shelter in place for any length of time. The City's decision to implement a
Citizen's Emergency Response Team program should help the residents become better prepared.
The City itself is unprepared for a sustained, major disaster that would require full mobilization of
its emergency management organization.
RECOMMENDATION:
For discussion.
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CITY OF TUKWILA
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DECEMBER 2006
WINDSTORM
After Action Review
Tukwila, Washington
January, 2007
INTRODUCTION
This After Action Review is a follow up to the City Tukwila's response to the windstorm of
December 14th and 15th 2006. After the windstorm, discussions were held and information
sought from key personnel and departments as related to mitigation, response and recovery
activities during the event. The function of this After Action Review is: (1) document response
activities; (2) identify problem/successes during emergency operations; and (3) make
recommendations to improve mitigation, response, and recovery activities in regards to the
windstorm. A plan of action will need to be developed to implement recommended
improvements.
SITUATION ANALYSIS
A windstorm struck the City during the late evening hours of December 14, 2006 and continued
into the early morning hours of December 15,2006 causing significant portions ofthe City to be
without power and telephone service. The high winds caused downed trees, snapped utility
poles, roof damage, and 20 different City streets to be impassable. See attached photographs.
In the old Tukwila Hill area, neighborhood of S. 149th Street, cedar roof shakes were observed
imbedded in the side of a neighbor's house 300-feet away from the house that lost the shakes.
Houses in this neighborhood appeared to suffer the most roof damage.
The Ryan Hill area incurred mostly tree damage and downed power lines - primary lines that
supplied the Bangor Street substation. Initially, a downed tree blocked access to a large portion
of this neighborhood. The tree was cleared from the roadway and for the majority access was
restored.
The hardest hit neighborhoods were Riverton, Foster, Thorndyke, and Crestview. Over 16
individual power poles were snapped in half, split or downed. Primary power was lost to the
neighborhoods because of these damaged poles. Several homes had uprooted trees and several
had fallen on homes. The Cascade and Allentown neighborhoods had some damage and lost
their power.
The business district had minimal damage and did not lose power or had it restored within hours.
The one exception was Southcenter Parkway from the 16400 block to S. 180th Street. Power was
not restored for several days.
With the loss of power, the Fire Department had an increase in the number of Automatic Fire
Alarms and Sprinkler Water Flow Alarms being activated. The standby batteries for these
systems fail after 24 to 48 hours. Also the dry fue sprinkler systems lose air pressure.
Because of downed trees and storm debris, the City had a total of twenty streets (20) that were
impassable. By Saturday evening, 17 streets had been reopened. The three worst affected areas
were 42nd Avenue South/So 158th Street, 42nd Avenue South/So l3ih Street, and S. 146th Street
Gust east of 42nd Avenue South). 5 /
The loss of power also meant that signalized intersections were "dark." Because the business
district did not lose power, except for Southcenter Parkway, and people were still shopping for
the upcoming holidays, 14 separate "dark" intersections were placed into full operation. Backup
batteries were replaced every 2 hours - a signal will fully operate on a battery for approximately
2-hours versus 10-hours if placed into a flash mode. Two major intersections caused major
backups - 1-5 offramp/Southcenter Blvd; and Grady Way/West Valley Highway. These
intersections are controlled by WSDOT and their policy is to leave an intersection dark during
loss of power.
"Warming Centers" were established at the Tukwila Community Center and Tukwila Pool.
People could go to those facilities and take hot showers and get warm. The Red Cross opened
several shelters across the county. Residents seeking up-to-date information on shelters were
directed to contact the Red Cross Shelter Hotline at 205-3764.
King County Office of Emergency Management established a Citizen Damage Report Hotline,
1-800-523-5044, for all King County residents to report their losses. Residents reporting
damages were asked to provide the following information:
. Name and address of the affected property
. Description of the damage
. Personal estimate of uninsured losses, and
. Estimates of the fair market value of damaged homes or businesses.
Damages to detached garages and storage buildings, secondary homes and recreational homes
were not to be reported.
PURPOSE
The objective of the after action review is to evaluate:
1. The Emergency Operations Center
2. Field Operations
3. Shelter Operations
4. Communications
5. Adequacy of City Facilities
The scope of the review is for the windstorm on December 14th and 15th and events leading up to
and the weeks thereafter. The review will be confined to City response operations and will not
address the response ofPuget Sound Energy, Seattle City Light, Qwest, Comcast, or any other
utility company. The methodology used in performing this review is data obtained from the
actual event.
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FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Emen!ency Operations Center
The Emergency Operations Center was not activated. The City's All Hazard
Emergency Management Plan has established ''triggers'' for activating the Emergency
Operations Center. Even though the windstorm was a major and significant regional event, the
Public Works Department was the lead first responder team member that had primary response
tasking. Public Works handled the response effort with help from Parks and Recreational
personnel. The Fire Department responded to 255 incidents during the period of December 14
through December 21,2006, of which 79 were storm related. No assistance was sought from
outside agencies. All three first responder team members (Fire, Police, and Public Works)
coordinated damage information among the three departments and with the utility companies.
Standard, day-to-day operating procedures were employed. The Mayor was kept personally
informed and received daily updates on the situation by the Public Works Director. A Situation
Report was sent to the City Council.
Recommendation
1. Explore the possibility of adding two different categories within the Level One
Activation Scale - Monitoring and Stand By.
Management Response: Emergency Management concurs with this
recommendation. Triggers for EOC activation should be reviewed and expanded
if needed.
Responsible Department: Emergency Management. Input from Fire, Police,
and Public Works.
Field Operations
Overtime costs for Public Works and Fire Department exceeded $15,000.
The Public Works Department prepared for the storm by holding crews within the
City at the close of business on the evening of December 14th. Callbacks were made in the early
hours of December 15th. Recovery operations to include debris removal, street clearing, traffic
sign replacement, and street sweeping operations began immediately. Public Works crews were
augmented with personnel from Parks and Recreation.
A total of20 streets were impassable because of downed trees and utility poles.
Barricades and advance-warning signs were installed to protect the public from encountering
downed power lines. It was a constant problem to keep the barricades and signs in place. The
traveling public was constantly removing the signs and barricades because motorists did not
want to be inconvenienced by fmding an alternate route. First responder personnel were
constantly warning residents to stay away from downed trees and power lines.
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24-hour operations were in place until Sunday evening, December I ih.
Debris cleanup was completed by December 31 st - two complete circuits (street-by-street) of all
city streets have been made to chip debris left curbside by residents; Two "Chipper Days" have
been held. Two more "Chipper Days" will be held for residents to bring their storm-related
debris for disposal.
Decision was made to maintain full signal operations at key intersections because
of holiday shopping traffic. This placed a huge workload on City crews. Backup batteries (think
heavy car battery) had to be replaced every tv,'o hours. As soon as all batteries had been
installed, the crews had to start over again. Two problem intersections caused significant
backups - Off-ramp from 1-5 onto Southcenter Blvd and the Grady WayAVest Valley
intersection. Both intersections are WSDOT controlled and their policy is to leave an
intersection "dark" when there is a loss of power. Because of the dark signal at the 1-5 off-ramp,
backups were observed onto 1-5.
Fire Department had only four people respond to a recall because of impassable
roads in other communities. Fire Department responded to 255 service calls, 79 were storm
related, during this period. No assistance was sought from outside agencies.
Recommendations
1. Put in place a safety policy that restricts City personnel from performing any field
operations when sustained wind speeds exceed 45 mph.
Management Response: Emergency Management concurs with this
recommendation. Unless absolutely necessary, First Responders should not place
themselves in danger.
Responsible Department: Emergency Management, Fire, Police, and Public
Works.
2. Explore the cost of purchasing a system that can be installed in the Signal
Maintenance Shop for charging the signal backup batteries.
Management Response: Emergency Management concurs with this
recommendation. Signal crews will be able to manage the workload and more
effectively respond to an emergency situation.
Responsible Department: Public Works
3. Even though Pacific Pride did not lose power and city vehicles were able to refuel
without incident, the backup system to pump fuel when power is lost should be
tested.
Management Response:
Emergency Management concurs with this
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Recommendation.
Responsible Department: Public Works
4. Explore better communication methods with Seattle City Light and Puget Sound
Energy.
Management Response: Both Fire Department and Public Warks provided
the utility companies with damage assessment information. This helped the utility
companies with the ordering of poles, transformers, etc. and it is felt expedited the
recovery time.
Responsible Department: Emergency Management
Shelter Operations
"Warming Centers" were established at the Tukwila Community Center and
Tukwila Pool. Citizens could go to either facility and take a hot shower and get warm. The Red
Cross was not asked to open a shelter in Tukwila, but did open several in King County - Rainier
Community Shelter, Renton Highlands, West Seattle, and the Masonic Lodge in Des Moines. A
total of six residents sought information on shelters and were directed to contact the Red Cross
Shelter Hotline at 205-3764 or visit the Red Cross web site. The City was in contact with the
Red Cross and asked that the shelters not be closed prematurely because of the prolonged power
outage at Tukwila Gardens.
Information was posted on the City web site about the pool and Community
Center being open. During field operations, First Responders informed residents about the
warming centers.
Recommendation
1. Establish a City policy that addresses if and when the City will open up a City-
sponsored shelter.
Management Response: Emergency Management concurs with this
recommendation.
Responsible Department: Emergency Management and Parks & Recreation.
2. Provide designated staff additional training in shelter management.
Management Response: Emergency Management concurs with this
recommendation. Whether the City opens a City-sponsored shelter or assists the
Red Cross, City personnel need to be better trained to provide these services.
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Responsible Department: Emergency Management and Parks & Recreation.
Communications
All First Responder communication systems functioned flawlessly during the
incident. The loss of power did re-enforce the need to have sufficient charging systems available
for batteries.
Early Friday morning the decision was made to not open City facilities. Once staffing
arrangements were solidified, the Community Center was opened on Saturday. Department
Heads were contacted so that they could inform their employees. Despite the effort some
employees were not informed that facilities were closed on Friday.
As the power outage continued, Tukwila's residents became frustrated with the
lack of solid information coming from the utility companies. First Responders were keeping the
utility companies fully informed as to the problems and areas without power. Yet when residents
called the utility companies, residents were told that this is the first the company knew that a
specific neighborhood was without power. Because of this information void and lack of
consistency in the quality of the information, residents began to take their frustrations out on City
employees for not keeping them informed and for not telling the power company of the
problems.
The extended power outage also re-enforced the fact that Tukwila's residents are
not prepared. The majority of residents do not know what to do in times of an emergency and
are unprepared to take care of themselves and their families.
Recommendations
1. Establish a phone number that City employees may call to see if City facilities
will be open.
Management Response:
Emergency Management concurs.
Responsible Department: Public Works. Action completed. Employees ,,,ill
be able to call the number in times of emergency. An automated message will be
activated by Public Works. The number will be given to employees in an all-user
email.
2. Explore methods to keep the public better informed of the situation within the
City.
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Management Response: Even though the request is a backlash response
because of the power companies' poor performance in keeping their customers
informed, it will provide an opportunity for the City to improve its
communication capabilities with the public.
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Responsible Department: Emergency Management, Public Information Officer,
Mayor, City Council, Tukwila citizens.
Adequacy of City Facilities
With the loss of power the City's capability to provide essential services were
strained. Fire Station 51 and the Community Center did not lose power. All other facilities were
without power. Only three facilities within the City have backup power generators - City Hall
which is limited and cannot carry the full electrical load needed for heat, lights, computer
servers, telephones, etc.; Fire Station 51, and the Emergency Operations Center (Golf
Maintenance Facility).
City Hall's backup generator cannot carry the full load. Hence there is no heat for
the building and the Police Department staff that must be present twenty-four hours a day. Nor
can the generator provide enough power for the City's telephone and computer system. Neither
will work until power is restored. The backup generator's transfer switch had a loose connection
that caused some of the wiring to overheat and had to be shut down. A portable generator was
brought in, but it meant for a couple of hours while the switch was being repaired that the Police
Department was without the capability to perform critical functions.
Only Fire Station 51 had power. The lack of standby power at Stations 52, 53,
and 54 meant that Station 52 could not be manned and Engine 52 was repositioned to Station 51.
Station 53 was without heat, hot water, and power for 7-days. The small generator at Station 53
provides power for the bay door and minimal lighting. Station 54 faired slightly better because
their power was restored within two days. Repositioning assets increases response time.
Recommendations
1. Explore the feasibility of installing backup generators at all City facilities.
Management Response:
Emergency Management concurs.
Responsible Department: Public \Vorks. Consultant contract had
already been awarded before the windstorm. Final report expected by the
end of January and presentations will be made to Utility Committee and
Finance and Safety Committee.
2. Investigate the adequacy of all City facilities to meet the growing demand
for services.
Management Response: Emergency Management concurs with this
recommendation. As the demand for services increases within the City, an
evaluation of our facility needs is required and the best method for
meeting these needs.
Responsible Department: City Administrator
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CONCLUSIONS
Overall the City and its residents were lucky - just a loss of power and no significant damage to
structures. There were no storm related injuries. Response and recovery operations went very
well. City roads and services were restored by Sunday evening.
The windstorm was the third event in 2006 that required emergency response and recovery
efforts -Flood responses in January and November were the others. Overall the City did an
excellent job in planning, responding, and recovering from the windstorm. Once again, as long
as the First Responder Team is able to handle an incident, the residents and this City are in
capable hands. However, Tukwila's residents are totally unprepared to shelter in place for any
length of time. The City's decision to implement CERT training for its residents should help
them become better prepared. The City itself is unprepared for a sustained, major disaster that
would require full mobilization of its emergency management organization. The Mayor and City
Council need to address the difficult question of how to staff and fund the program.
There are items in this report that will need individual committee attention and City Council
action before this report is closed. Many things remain to be accomplished before this City is
prepared to respond to a major disaster.
Even though this report has addressed just the City's response to the windstorm, it is felt that
there are many issues that involve the private sector that need to be addressed by Council
because of the effect those issues have on the expectations of our citizens. Examples are:
· Private businesses that are engaged in providing "Assisted Care", should they be
required to have backup power generation and have the capability to take care of
their customers in times of an emergency? Or does it fall upon the City to bring
in portable generators?
· Gas Stations - should they also be required to have backup power generation and
emergency tanks in order to serve the public?
· \Vhere does one establish the difference between what is a private responsibility
and a public responsibility to respond in times of a disaster?
· What outreach services will the City provide versus educating our citizens as to
what responsibilities they are required to perform.
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December 2006 Windstorm Photos
December 2006 Windstorm Photos
December 2006 Windstorm Photos
December 2006 Windstorm Photos
December 2006 Windstorm Photos