HomeMy WebLinkAboutPermit 4761 - Boeing Video Production - Tenant ImprovementCITY OF TUKWILA ( I
Building Division
6200 Southcenter Boulevard
Tukwila, Washington 98188
(206) 433 -1845
BUILDING PERMIT
PERMIT #
Control # 87 -209
Work to be done T.I.
Site Address 12675 Gateway Dr. Suite # Tenant Boeing Video
Building Use Office /Motion Picture Production Assessors Account # 000480.O0U6.3U/0004.05
Phone # (415) 283 -3262
Zip 94549
• Phone # 367 -9393
Seattle !!_1 , / Zip 98133
I)
Property Owner Bedford Proper ies
Address P.O. Box 1267 Lafeyette, CA
Contractor SSG Corp.
Address P.O. Box 33978
FOR BUILDING PERMIT ONLY
Sq. Ft.
Office
'.';
Retail
Other
Occ.
Load
1st F1.
nd Fl.
3rd F1.
Total
Fire Protection:xJSprinklers [I Detectors
Zoning M-1 Type of Construction
Special Conditions
Fees
sq. ft. @
sq. ft. @
sq. ft. @
sq. ft. @
1st F1. $
2nd F1. $
other $
other $
Total Valuation of Construction $ 480,000
Bldg. Permit Fee
Plan Check Fee
Demolition
Surcharges
Other
Other
Receipt #_7822 $ 1,969.00
Receipt #_-7.586 $ 1.,2$0_..OD
Receipt #_` $
Receipt #_/B22 $ 1.50
Receipt # $
Receipt # $
TOTAL $ 3150 50
FOR SIGN PERMIT ONLY
[] Permanent [] Temporary
[[Single Face Double Face J Wall Mounted Q Free Standing [1 Other
Building face Setbacks: Front Side Side Rear
Square Footage of each sign face
Special Conditions
Total square footage of sign
THIS PERMIT BECOMES NULL ANU VOID IF WORK OR CONSTRUCTION AUTHORIZED IS NOT COMMENCED WITHIN 180 DAYS, OR IF CONSTRUCTION OR WORK IS SUSPENDED OR
ABANDONED FUR A PERIOD OF 180 DAYS AT ANY TIME AFTER WORK IS COMMENCED.
I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT I HAVE READ AND EXAMINED THIS APPLICATION AND KNOW THE SAME TO BE TRUE AND CORRECT. ALL PROVISIONS OF LAWS AND ORDINANCES
GOVERNING IS TYPE OF WORK WILL BE COMPLIED WITH WHETHER SPECIFIED HEREIN OR NOT. THE GRANTING OF A PERMIT DUES NOT PRESUME TO GIVE AUTHORITY TO
VIOLATE CANCEL THE PROV S 10 OF ANY OTHER STAT OR LOCAL LAW REGULATING CONSTRUCTION OR THE PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTION.
Date
Signed_,
I hereby affirm tha
Contractor (signatur
LICEN D CONTRACTORS DECLARATION
licensed and _ pro ions,iif the Business and Pi(ofessions Code, an my license is in full force and effect.
Date �- �— 1 - - - - -° — —
OWNER- BUILU'ER d CLARATION
( ) I, as owner of the property, or my employees, with wages as their sole compensation, will do the work, and the structure is not intended or
offered for sale.
( ) I, as owner of the property, am exclusively contracting with licensed contractor's to construct the project.
Owner (signature) Date
• *�rvt' °:R':.,,.a".r r-..o._ .. • . a rr.
CITY OF TUKWILA
Building Division
6200 Southcenter Boulevard
Tukwila, Washington 98188
(206) 433 -1845 BUILDING PERMIT
PERMIT #
Control # 87 -209
5)Z)
Work to be done T.I.
Site Address 12675 Gateway Dr. Suite '# Tenant doeirly Vide°
Building Use Office /Motion Picture Production Assessors Account # OUO4bU.UUU6.30 /OOO4.0.i
Property Owner Bedford Properties Phone # (41b) Z8.1 -8262 ,
Address P.O. Box 1267 Lafeyette, CA Zip 94b49
Contractor SSG Corp. Phone # 36/-9393
Address P.O. Box 33978 Seattle / , / Zip, 93143
FOR BUILDING PERMIT ONLY
Sq. •
S Ft.
Office
Storage/
Warehouse
Retail
Other
IOcc.
Load
1st F1.
2nd Fl.
3rd Fl.
Total
Fire Protection:, Sprinklers [] Detectors
Zoriin 1, -i a of °Coristructfon y �`
g�`•��_�t� -1� • YP
Special Conditions
sq. ft. @
sq. ft. @
sq. ft. @
sq. ft. @
1st F1. $
2nd F1. $
other $
other $
Total Valuation of Construction $ 4£30,000
Bldg. Permit Fee Receipt # 7s72 $ 1,969.00
Plan Check Fee Receipt # 7rp $ 1,280.09
Demolition Receipt # $
Surcharges Receipt # 1822 $ 1.50
Other Receipt # $
Other. Receipt # $
TOTAL '
$ ' 3,150.50
FOR SIGN PERMIT ONLY
J Permanent E] Temporary
Ea Single Face Ea Double Face ❑ Wall Mounted E] Free Standing E] Other
Building face Setbacks: Front Side Side Rear
Square Footage of each sign face Total square footage of sign
Special Conditions
11115 PERMIT BECOMES NULL AND VOID IF WORK OR CONSTRUCTION AUTHORIZED IS NOT COMMENCED WITHIN 180 DAYS, OR IF CONSTRUCTION OR WORK IS SUSPENDED OR
ABANDONED FUR A PERIOD OF 180 DAYS AT ANY TIME AFTER WORK IS COMMENCED.
I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT I HAVE READ AND EXAMINED THIS APPLICATION AND KNOW THE SAME TO BE TRUE AND CORRECT. ALL PROVISIONS OF LAWS AND ORDINANCES
GOVERNING THIS TYPE OF WORK WILL BE COMPLIED WITH WHETHER SPECIFIED HEREIN OR NOT. THE GRANTING OF A PERMIT DOES NOT PRESUME TO GIVE AUTHORITY TO
VIOLATE OR \CANCEL THE PROYj SI0 tOF ANY OTHER STATE OR LOCAL LAW REGULATING CONSTRUCTION OR THE PERFORMANCE OF CONSTRUCTION.
Signed t Crr' c"� , —� Date
LICENSED CONTRACTORS DECLARATION
1 hereby affirm tha1 am licensed and pr ilons ofathe Business and P fessions Code, an my license is in full force and effect.
Contractor (signature`k _ ; �C �,.r �__ , Date -. "-- I "
OWNER - BUILDER DECLARATION
( ) 1, as owner of the property, or my employees, with wages as their sole compensation. will do the work, and the structure is not intended or
offered for sale.
( ) 1, as owner of the property, am exclusively contracting with licensed contractor's to construct the project.
• Owner (signature)
Date
WILA
Bti, Sig Division
6200 Southcenter Boulevard
Tukwila, Washington 98188
(206) 433 -1849
Type of Inspection .0
Site Address /,:l 7,17—
Requesto
Special Instructions
INSPECT!
N RECORD
PERMIT # G9 )G:
Date
/013 d
• Date Wanted 9-- /S -S'7 a.m) p.m.
Project s 1-,x,4. 1/724-4,17m,
r � c_� Phone # _12c71 c ;, 3 cr/5/-
Inspection Results /Comments:
Inspector
Date ? 45,
CITY OF TUKWILA
Building Division
6200 Southcenter Boulevard
Tukwila, Washington 98188
(206) 433 -1849
INSPECTIr 1 RECORD
PERMIT # x'76/
Date 2//e7 6,a4,4,
Type of Inspection GV' /✓;: /' - eas ' - "d - Date Wanted /Vg r". p.m
Site Address /026 75' �'�Z"�c�ci 117G•r. Project 6 ei I�1oL'�oN ,I' ����
Requestor :7170w (5S G) Phone #
Special Instructions
Inspection Results /Comments:
Inspector
Date !,/./1-7
CITY OF TUKWILA
Building Division
6200 Southcenter Boulevard
Tukwila, Washington 98188
(206) 433 -1849
INSPECTI''!1 RECORD
PERMIT # G/ 76
Date 9 —. /d 7
Type of Inspection Date Wanted ��Oyu 9 /y, 7 a.m.
Site Address /Z6 7s �/171'
� r. Project
Requestor y2�%c�Le- S $)J. Phone # ` /`/ ' (33 E
Special Instructions
Inspection Results / Comments: ' ,-6-u' ,?, e e ,( ,4,42 c%r e,-1.
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Date
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CITY OF TUKWILA
Building Division
6200 Southcenter Boulevard
Tukwila, Washington 98188
(206) 433 -1849
INSPECTIri RECORD
PERMIT #
Date
Type of Inspection Date Wanted
Site Address �! / ,��..� - Project
Requester / Phone #
Special Instructions
Inspection Results /Comments: "7-i�»Zc -, -u! (_'o -f/
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Inspector ,o1"4�� Date // 77
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CITY OF TUKWILA
Building Division
6200 Southcenter Boulevard
Tukwila, Washington 98188
(206) 433 -1849
Type of Inspection Az . e"'
Site Address /:7.6 7s— ���� �r. Project 6a -44 ] Yi 1-1,z;). i�tr�fGv�
Requestor . Yh.lce S S .<J , Phone # 2-4-/e/ —3 i c-
Special Instructions fl�-tet,o eet6( ,4_e c </ p; co' �� IkIj-�' U k.
INSPECTI N RECORD
PERMIT # y 7 6 /
Date q9—
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Date Wantedikak, eV /6 a.m. p.m!'
Inspection Res lts /Comments:
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Date 007
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CITY OF TUKWILA
Building Division
6200 Southcenter Boulevard
Tukwila, Washington 98188
(206) 433 -1849
Type of Inspection
Site Address
Requestor
Special Instructions
A vbtia f i
INSPECT ^N RECORD
PERMIT # 4=( 7,0 /
Date �?'- 47
Date. Wanted (.3,, 94/ ?> a.m p.m.;
Project
Phone # yy 3 3 x `-
Inspectio ,Results /Comments: r/7 /�/),•TI�,
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Date 9 / i /�`%
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CITY OF TUKWILA
Building Division
6200 Southcenter Boulevard
Tukwila, Washington 98188
(206) 433 -1849
Type of Inspection
Site Address
Requestor
Special Instructions
INSPECTICA RECORD
PERMIT # WV)
Date
Date Wanted ("
Project B0oir
Phone #
a.m. p.m
Inspection Results /Comments:
Inspector /Lliri.c�
Date 99/Y/7?
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CITY OF TUKWILA
Building Division
6200 Southcenter Boulevard
Tukwila, Washington 98188
(206) 433 -1849
Type of Inspection
Site Address
Reques tor
Special Instructions
INSPECT('1N RECORD
PERMIT #
Date
.-/ 7 G /
9- / 7
Date Wanted 4 Je ? /�1F7
Project
Phone # 2yf -336 y
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Inspe ion Results /Comments:
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Inspector
Date 9-,,,7-?7
CITY OF TUKWILA
'Building Division
6200 Southcenter Boulevard
Tukwila, Washington 98188
(206) 433 -1849
Type of Inspection CO ,t1
Site Address /2( 73' c,a4,
Requestor �%i7,•, 5567
Special Instructions
INSPECTI(''.!1 RECORD
PERMIT # 4/7/
Date
Date Wanted 0//77
Project
Phone #
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Inspection Results /Comments: gOs6
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Inspector
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Date
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CITY OF TUKWILA
`Building Division
6200 Tukwila,tWashingtonu198188
(206) 433 -1849
INSPECT ON y �:1N RECORD
PERMIT # i /
Date y -,2 — � 7
Date Wanted"]')2,tuw • e /a7/'7 a.m. p.m
Project , M�
Phone # 2 / --33 g
Type of Inspection
Site Address /,2 G 7 s` r / Or,
Requestor
Special Instructions
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Inspection Results /Comments: 1 -5 -7, //, ,�,.�1,tti��y
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Date /., e/i•
CITY OF TUKWILA
Building Division
6200 Tukwila,,tWashington u198188
(206) 433 -1849
INSPECT ON RECORD
PERMIT # L/ 7 G /
Date Z4-„,7 --U7
Type of Inspection �J Date Wanted irui. a.m. �.J.
Site Address z 7�r ,,,�,1 Project 6,11,x,, ee,t.
Requester Phone # .- Y°( — 333'47
Special Instructions
Inspection Results /Comments:-- Z�,�, -.�.-
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CITY OF TUKWILA
'Building Division
6200 Southcenter Boulevard
Tukwila, Washington 98188
(206) 433 -1849
Type of Inspection (9/Z(41{3(.JL_
Site Address /04.75 aci e ivay 1)1,4
Requestor S (A4 556
INSPECT ''N RECORD
PERMIT # 1--?‘ 1
Date /2f-
Date Wanted `iJ 25 a.m.
Project �� €J(._c man C &. 69 (t(JK
Phone # / V— 33F��
Special Instructions
Inspection Results /Comments: 00yuJd // tai /cy p4 to zae% iv1 0G // tF e e-
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CITY OF TUKWILA
'Building Division
6200 Southcenter Boulevard
Tukwila. Washington 98188
(206) 433 -1849
Type of Inspection D/AtJ'CLJ&? )ic.
Site Address _� �. 4. I r'
Requestor
INSPECT(.N RECORD
PERMIT # `( % /
Date _ ( � ' T".-7
3 6" - sq/70ssc6r
Date Wanted Of2.(4 /q/'7 a.m.
Project�a-t,
Phone # 2- qc( 3'3 J'
Special Instructions
Inspection Results /Comments: ,4
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Inspector I Vb'1& Date 13// / /ir?
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CITY OF TUKWILA
'Building Division
6200 Southcenter Boulevard
Tukwila, Washington 98188
(206) 433 -1849
Type of Inspection
Site Address
Requestor
INSPECTIV RECORD
PERMIT # 76
Date
75-
Special Instructions V
9. AS—
Date Wanted Tr,zzd Vis%k7 • p.m.
Project t e,c,' t.,
Phone # VV-3 3 v
Inspection Results /Comments:
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Inspector
Date /X V
CITY OF TUKWILA
'Building Oivision
6200 Southcenter Boulevard
Tukwila. Washington 98188
(206) 433 -1849
Type of Inspection
Site Address (Z.. 7
Requestor
Special Instructions
INSPECT N RECORD
PERMIT # q7 /
Date 7 -87
Date Wanted-rm.", 8'
Project
Phone # 4s/6/-338'41
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a.m. rim.
Inspection Results /Comments: '4t/14
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Inspector */44/
Date $p 7,577
CITY OF TUKWILA
Building Division
6200 Tukwila,lWashingtonul98188
(206) 433 -1849
INSPECTION RECORD
PERMIT #
Date g/f
Type of Inspection dL Date Wanted 7//7 ; p.m.
Site Address 7,5 _A-�,r- At Project 8 X:e...,:h4�
Requestor S S Phone #
Special Instructions
Inspection Results /Comments: (cO,oere la[_C�L eAo r
'Inspector n°144 l f-7
Date ',/7/ff"
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CITY OF TUKWILA
Building Division
6200 Southcenter Boulevard
Tukwila, Washington 98188
(206) 433 -1849
Type of Inspection / =�'2vn %
Site Address / .2 6 I7
Requestor
INSPECTI 1 RECORD
PERMIT # y 0(v
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Date Wanted r al /. / 7
Date
G)
Project
I ,'�
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te.:-/e4;t,
Phone # ,;"241Y — 3 RX
Special Instructions
Inspection Results /Comments: t- - --u
Inspector
Date
CITY OF TUKWILA
Building Division
6200 Southcenter Boulevard
Tukwila, Washington 98188
(206) 433 -1849
Type of Inspection
Site Address
Requestor
Special Instructions
F
INSPECTI , y1 RECORD
PERMIT # 5/ 76 /
Date b —6 - n 7
Date Wanted 7-1(4,244 146 -, OD p.m.
Project 8c/ e -r —)
Phone # s''% 3 tee/
Inspection Results /Comments:
7t2tEi14,4.,
Inspector
Date
,CITY OF TUKWILA
Building Division
Tukwila,,tWashingtonu198188
(206) 433 -1849
Type of Inspection
Address /, -75. L /11..
Requestor
INSPECTN RECORD
PERMIT # 76/
Date ;,7/4-2/(//t);?
Date Wanted .w /t7
Project ,e.b-ems 71e- te7��.l;.�P
Phone #
p.m•
Special Instructions
Inspection Results/Comments: f —t,
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Inspector
Date 7/,/7/1%
14'iiw11C.Yf .r.M••••
,.&CITY OF TUKWILA
Building Division
6200 Southcenter Boulevard
Tukwila, Washington 98188
(206) 433 -1849
INSPECTI(JN RECORD
PERMIT # 76 /
Date 1— Pi -K7
wed?
Type of Inspection �� T QowL�Y Date Wanted f�a� 7//,r/P7 a.m.,p.m.
Site Address /2 G. 7 s der. - �r Project do141,19 P14;r727o1 6 E.
qh -- SSrf .4, Phone # 24/4/-3' 3 eY'y
Special Instructions
Requestor
Inspection Results /Comments:
�S MAGI /11,4 � C A a. 7 fr2 ;r-
Date ••
424J CtA4 f 20 X, L
Inspector 12,etp
7//57k-7
1
•■■
CITY OF TUKWuLA
Central Permit System
rfah « •!. •.4777 i�'RE erg+'"rC !,:+1111V3 41,17,, F; {S:?:?
City of Tukwila
6200 Southcenter Boulevard
Tukwila Washington 98188
(206) 433-1800
Gary L. VanDusen, Mayor
6/11/87
Mr. David McMullen, P.E.
Project Manager
BE & C Engineers
P.O. Box 24346, MS 1E -73
Seattle, Wash. 98124 -0346
RE: Motion Picture Tenant Improvements at Gateway Building #4
Site Plan Review of Plan Sheets C2 & C3
Dear Mr. McMullen:
The Public Works Department has reviewed and approved the minor storm drainage
revisions to the site per the approved site plan sheets C2 & C3 attached.
Prior to picking up the following permit: approval of the Building Official
and Planning Director shall take place.
24 hours prior to beginning the work for said storm drainage revisions,
the developer or his licensed contractor shall apply for and obtain the
following permit:
1. Storm Drainage Permit (Permit Fee = $25.00
Prior to coming in to pick up this permit, call Becky Kent, Permit Coordinator
at 433 -1852.
If you have any questions, or I can be of further assistance do not hesitate
to call me at 433 -1856.
Phil Fraser
Senior Engineer
Enclosure (1)
xc. Ted Freemire /Dave Grage
Becky Kent
Duane Griffin
Permit File
City of Tukwila
FIRE DEPARTMENT
444 Andover Park East
Tukwila, Washington 98188 -7661
(206) 575 -4404
Hubert H. Crawley, Fire Chief
Gary L. VanDusen, Mayor
June 5, 1987
Fire Department Review
Control Number 87 -209
Re: Boeing Video Production - 12675 Gateway Drive
Dear Sir:
The attached set of building plans have been reviewed by
The Fire Prevention Bureau and are acceptable with the
following concerns:
1. The total number of fire extinguishers required for
your establishment is calculated at one extinguisher for
each 3000 sq. ft. of area. The extinguisher(s) should be
of the "All Purpose" (2A, 10 B:C) dry chemical type.
Travel distance to any fire extinguisher must be 75' or
less. (NFPA 10, 3 -1.1 and UFC 10.301b)
Extinguishers shall be installed on the hangers or in
the brackets supplied, mounted in cabinets, or set on
shelves (NFPA 10, 1 -6.6), and shall be installed so
that the top of the extinguisher is not more than 5
ft. above the floor. (NFPA 10, 1 -6.9)
Extinguishers shall be located so as to be in plain
view (if at all possible), or if not in plain view,
they shall be identified with a sign stating, "Fire
Extinguisher ", with an arrow pointing to the unit.
(NFPA 10, 1 -6.3)
2. Exit hardware and marking must meet the requirements
of Uniform Fire Code Sections 12.104 & 12.114.
Exit doors shall be openable from the inside without
the use of a key or any special knowledge or effort.
(UFC 12.104b)
3. EXIT signs shall be installed at required exit
doorways and where otherwise necessary to clearly indicate
the direction of egress. Signs shall be of a contrasting
City of Tukwila
FIRE DEPARTMENT
444 Andover Park East
Tukwila, Washington 98188 -7661
(206) 575 -4404
Hubert H. Crawley, Fire Chief
Gary L. VanDusen, Mayor
Page number 2
color with the surrounding area and shall have letters not
less than six inches high with a minimum letter width of
3/4 ". (UFC 12.114a & 12.114b)
4. Exits shall be illuminated at any time the building is
occupied. An emergency system shall automatically provide
exit illumination upon failure of the main power supply.
(UFC 12.113a) (AC /DC battery pack lighting throughout)
5. Hose stations are required. (Plans must be submitted
to the Fire Marshal for approval prior to installation.)
(City Ordinance #1141)
6. Maintain sprinkler protection for all enclosed areas.
(NFPA 13, 4- 1.1.1)
All modifications to sprinkler systems shall have the
written approval of the Washington Surveying & Rating
Bureau, Factory Mutual Engineering or Industrial Risk
Insurers, then by the Tukwila Fire Department. No
sprinkler work shall commence without approved
drawings. (City Ordinance #1141 & NFPA 13, 1 -9.1)
7. Local UL Central Station Supervision is required per
(UFC 10.309)
8. Each circuit breaker shall be legibly marked to
indicate it's purpose. (NEC 110 -22)
All electrical wiring is to be inspected by the State •'
Electrical Inspector, Washington State Department of
Labor & Industries.
9. Your street address must be conspicuously posted on
the building and shall be plainly visible and legible from
the street. Numbers shall contrast with their background.
(UFC 10.208)
10, All interior wall covering materials shall be
fire - resistive or shall be treated to be fire - resistive, so
as to result in a flame - spread rating as required by UFC
City of Tukwila
FIRE DEPARTMENT
444 Andover Park East
Tukwila, Washington 98188 -7661
(206) 575 -4404
Hubert H. Crawley, Fire Chief
Gary L. VanDusen, Mayor
Page number
Appendix VI -C tables 42A and 42B. A certificate of the
flame spread rating is .required to be delivered to the.
Tukwila Fire Department. (UBC 4204)
11. The storage and handling of nitrate film shall be in
accordance with nationally recognized standards.
12. Motion picture projection shall comply with Uniform
Fire Code Article 84 (if applicable).
Yours truly,
The Tukwila Fire Prevention Bureau
cc:. T.F.D. File
nod
Mail Stop:
P.O. Box 24346
Seattle, Washington 98124
Telephone: (206) -241 -3721
FILM SPECIFICATIONS
Nefax: 206.241 -3458 Telex: 32 -9430
MOTION PICTURE AND TELEVISION AREA
BUILDING 7 -33 (GATEWAY BUILDING #4)
12 675 GATEWAY "DRIVE
SEATTLE (TUKWILA), WASHINGTON 98168 ..
MAY 271 1987
RECEIVED
CITY IF tULA
MAY281987
NUM MAT
A division of Boeing Computer Services Company
•
BASE
Manufacture of FIIm Base
The film base is the plastic support
that carries the light- sensitive emul-
sion Requirements for a suitable film
base include optical transparency,
`reedom from optical imperfections.
:hemicai stability. photographic inert-
ress and resistance to moisture and
;;-pressing chemicals. Mechanical
strength. resistance to tearing, flexibil-
ity. dimensional stability, and freedom
from physical distortion are also impor-
tant factors in processing, printing. and
projection.
Two general types of film base are
currently used — cellulose triacetate
esters and a synthetic polyester polymer
known as ESTAR Base. Cellulose
triacetate photographic film base is
rrrade by combining the cellulose
triacetate with suitable solvents and a
plasticizer. Most current KODAK and
EASTMAN Motion Picture Films are
coated on a cellulose triacetate base.
ESTAR Base, a polyethylene
terephthalate polyester, is used for
some KODAK and EASTMAN Motion
Picture Films (mostly intermediate
and print films) because of its high
strength, chemical stability. toughness.
tear resistance, flexibility. and dimen-
sional stability The greater strength of
ESTAR Base permits the manufacture
of thinner films that require less room
for storage ESTAR Base films, and
other polyester base films, cannot be
successfully spliced with readily avaif-
ab:e commercial film cements. How-
ever. these films can be spliced with a
tape splicer. such as the KODAK
PRESS TAPE Universal Splicer. or with
a splicer that uses an ultrasonic or an
inductive heating current to melt and
fuse the film ends.
Antihalation Backing
Light penetrating the emulsion of a film
can be reflected from the base -
emulsion interface back into the emul-
sion. As a result, there is a secondary
exposure causing an undesirable
reduction in the sharpness of the image
and some ;Ight scattering. called hala-
40
Light Piping
Figure 46
Lion, around images of bright objects.
A dark layer coated on or in the film
base will absorb and minimize this
reflection. hence it is called an antihala-
tion layer. Three methods of minimiz-
ing halation are commonly used
Rem Jet: A black - pigmented.
nongelatin layer on the back of the film
base serves as an antihalation and
antistatic layer This layer is removed
during photographic processing.
Antihalation undercoating A silver or
dyed gelatin layer directly beneath the
emulsion is used on some thin emul-
sion films. Any color in this layer is
removed during processing This type
of iayer is particularly effec:ive in
preventing halation for high - resolution
emulsions. An antistatic and'or anti -
curl layer may be coated on the
back of the film base when this type of
antihalation layer is used.
Dyed film base: Film bases, espe-
cially polyester, can also transmit or
"pipe" light that strikes the edge of the
film. This light can travel inside the
base and fog the emulsion (Figure 46).
A neutral- density dye is incorporated
in some film bases and serves to both
reduce halation and prevent light pip-
ing This dye density may vary from a
just detectable level to approximately
0.2. The higher level is used primarily
for halation protection in black -and-
white negative films on cellulosic
bases. Unlike fog. the gray dye does
not reduce the density range of an
image. because it, like a neutral-
density filter, adds the same density
to all areas. It has, therefore. a negli-
gible effect on picture quality.
Edge Numbers
Edge numbers (also called key num-
bers or footage numbers) are placed at
regular intervals along the film edge
for convenience in frame - for -frame
matching of the camera film to the
workprint. The numbers are printed
along one edge outside the perfora-
tions on 35 mm film and between the
perforations on 16 mm film The num-
bers are sequential, usually occurring
every 16 frames (every 12 inches) on
35 mm film and every 20 frames (every
6 inches) on 16 mm film. In a few
instances, edge numbers on 16 mm
films are located every 40 frames
(12 inches).
All Kodak camera film is edge num-
bered at the time of manufacture in one
of two ways:
Figure 47
Latent Image edge numbering
Latent Image: The film edge is
exposed by a printer mounted at the
perforator to produce an image
visible only on processed film.
The five or seven digits are sequen-
tial and will change every 16 (35 mm)
or 20 (16 mm) frames. The cluster of
numbers and letters to the left of the
sequential numbers are merely a
manufacturer's code for the type of
product. the perforator. and the equip-
ment used to produce the product. All
Kodak 16 mm and 35 mm camera
color film is Latent -image edge
numbered.
Visible Ink Image. During manufac-
turing, the film stock is numbered with
a visible ink. Again, this process is
performed at the perforators. The ink.
unaffected by photographic chemicals,
is printed on the emulsion surface of
the film. The numbers are visible on
both the raw stock and the processed
film. In Figure 48. the visible ink edge
numbering will be more visible after
processing. All 35 mm Kodak black -
and -white motion picture camera
L
For more detailed information on the
complex subject of dimensional
changes. refer to the articles listed in
the next column.
Other Physical Characteristics
Aside from image quality consid-
erations, other factors can affect the
satisfactory performance of motion pic-
ture film
Curl. Photographic film curl is defined
as the departure from flatness of pho-
tographic film. Curl toward the emul-
sion is called positive while curl away
from the emulsion is termed negative.
Although the curl level is established
during manufacture, it is influenced by
the relative humidity during use or
storage, processing and drying tem-
peratures, and the winding configura-
tion.
Figure 51 Curl
At low relative humidities, the emul-
sion layer contracts more than the base
generally producing positive curl. As
the relative humidity increases. the
contractive force of the emulsion layer
decreases and the inherent curl of the
support becomes dominant.
Film wound in rolls tends to assume
the lengthwise curl conforming to the
curve of the roll. When a strip of this
curled film is pulled into a flat configu-
ration, the lengthwise curl is trans-
formed into a widthwise curl.
Buckling and Fluting. Very high or
low relative humidity can also cause
aonormal distortions of film in rolls.
Buckling, caused by the differential
shrinkage of the outside edges of the
t;i•n, occurs if a tightly wound roll of
ti!m is kept in a very dry atmosphere.
Fluting, the opposite effect. is caused
by the differential swelling of the
outside edges of the film; it occurs
if the roll of film is kept in a very moist
atmosphere. To avoid these changes,
the film rolls should not be exposed
tc extreme fluctuations in relative
r-.,m;d;ly
Adelstein. P. Z. and Calhoun, J. M.,
"Interpretation of Dimensional Changes
in Cellulose Ester Base Motion Picture
Films." Journal of the SMPTE, 69:157-
63. March 1960.
Adelstein, P. Z.. Graham, C. L., and
West. L. E., "Preservation of Motion
Picture Color Films Having Permanent
Value," Journal of the SMPTE,
79:1011 -1018, November 1970.
Calhoun, J. M., "The Physical Proper-
ties and Dimensional Behavior of
Motion Picture Films," Journal of the
SMPTE, 43:227 -66, October 1944.
Fordyce, C. R., "Improved Safety
Motion Picture Film Support," Journal
of the SMPTE, 51:331 -50, October
1948.
Fordyce, C. R., Calhoun, J. M., and
Moyer. E. E.. "Shrinkage Behavior of
Motion Picture Film." Journal of the
SMPTE, 64:62-66, February 1955.
Miller, A. J and Robertson, A. C.,
"Motion Picture Film —Its Size and
Dimensional Characteristics, "Journal
of the SMPTE, 74:3 -11, January 1965.
Neblette, C. B., Photography —Its
Materials and Process, Chapter 11,
D. VanNostrand Co., Inc., 1962.
STORAGE OF RAW
AND EXPOSED FILM
The sensitometric characteristics of vir-
tually all unprocessed photographic
materials gradually change with time,
causing loss in sensitivity,,a change in
contrast, a growth in fog level, or pos-
sibly all three. In color films, the rates
at which the various color - sensitive
layers respond are not necessarily the
same. thus the color balance of the
material can also change. Improper
storage usually clauses much larger
changes in color quality and film
speed than do variations in manufac-
turing. Scrupulous control of tempera-
ture and humidity, thorough protection .
from harmful radiation and gases, and
careful handling are important to long,
useful film life.
This section explains how to store
raw film stock and exposed but unpro-
cessed film. Storage of film after pro -
cessing is discussed beginning on
page 76. The chart on page 43 sum-
marizes optimum storage ccnditions.
Raw Stock in Original Package
Temperature. In general, the lower the
temperature at which a film .s stored.
the slower will be its rate of sen-
sitometric change during aging. For
periods up to 6 months, moron picture
raw stock should be stored at a tem-
perature of 13 °C (55 °F) or IcNer during
the entire storage period if cotimum
film properties are to be reta•ned.
Raw stock should be stored at
–18° to –23 °C (0° to –10 °Fi if it must
be kept longer than 6 months or if the
film is intended for a critical use that
requires uniform results. Sensitometric
change cannot be prevented by such
storage, but it will be minimized.
IMPORTANT: After a package of
raw stock has been removed from
cold storage, it should be allowed
to warm up to room temperature
(70 °F ± 5 °F) before the can is
unsealed. This will prevent tele-
scoping of the roll during :candling
because of cold - induced ;ooseness
between the layers and will prevent
moisture condensation and spotting
of the film.
Type of
KODAK
Film
Package
8 mm
super 8
16 mm
35 mm
Warm -Up Times (Hours)
For 14 °C
(25 °F) Rise
For 55 °C
(1.O°F) Rise
1
1
1
3 .
1V2
1 %z
1 Y2
5
Radiation. Raw stock should not be
stored or shipped near x -rat, sources or
other radioactive materials. Some
scanning devices used by p :stal
authorities and airlines may fog raw
stock. Special storage precautions
should also be taken in hosp•tals.
industrial plants, and laboratories
where radioactive materials are in use
It is also advisable to label pack-
ages of unprocessed films that must
be mailed across international borders
"Contents: Unprocessed photo- •
graphic film. Please do not A -ray "