HomeMy WebLinkAboutFIN 2017-09-06 Item 2B - Update - Proposed 2019-2020 Budget Process ChangesCity of Tukwila
Allan Ekberg, Mayor
INFORMATIONAL MEMORANDUM
TO: Finance Council Committee
FROM: Peggy McCarthy, Finance Director
BY: Vicky Carlsen, Deputy Finance Director
CC: Mayor Ekberg
DATE: August 30, 2017
SUBJECT: Update on Budget Process for 2019-2020
ISSUE
As part of the City's 2017 work plan, staff is reviewing the current budget process and
recommending enhancements to the 2019-2020 process. These enhancements will allow the City
to meet its current biennial priority of "Ensuring organizational effectiveness and responsible fiscal
stewardship," while also directly aligning with the Strategic Plan goal of maintaining "A high
performing and effective organization."
BACKGROUND
A City budget serves several functions. Based on GFOA's "Best Budgeting" practices, a budget
is a policy document, a communications device, a financial plan, and an operations guide. The
City receives the GFOA budget award every two years for this document, representing the City's
ongoing commitment to conforming to these guidelines. To keep current with these best
practices, it is important for the City's budget process to evolve over time. In planning for the next
biennium, we have reviewed the various budgeting methods available.
At the May 16, 2017 Finance Committee meeting, various budgeting methods were presented
along with the pros and cons of each model. The Committee gave approval for staff to proceed
with research and analysis of potential enhancements toward a recommendation to Council.
DISCUSSION
Goal of Budget Process
The central goal of the budget process is to help Council make informed decisions about what
services should be funded, and how to promote stakeholder participation in the process. A good
budget process:
• Incorporates a long-term perspective,
• Establishes links to broad organizational goals,
• Focuses budget decisions on results and outcomes,
• Involves and promotes effective communication with all stakeholders, and
• Provides incentives to management and staff.
A good budget process should also be able to answer the following five questions:
1. What are we in business to do? These are the high-level and over -arching reasons the
City exists in the eyes of our community.
2. What exactly do we do? This is a comprehensive listing of all programs offered by the
City along with the associated costs and staff count.
3. How do we prioritize programs? Programs are scored against established attributes to
determine degree of relevance. Attributes could include the following: 1 1
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a. Level of mandate to provide program
b. Reliance on City to provide program
c. Cost recovery of program
d. Change in demand for program
e. Size of population served
f. Community support for program
4. How do we know if we are successful? Performance measures can be used to determine
if we are going in the right direction.
5. How do we ask better questions that lead to better decisions about what we do and why
we do it? Resources can be allocated based on the prioritization of programs.
The following elements of budgeting can be utilized to help answer these questions:
Community Involvement
In order to determine the answer to `what are we in business to do?', it is imperative to get
community members involved in the budgeting process. Public participation can help government
be more accountable and responsive, and can improve the perception of the value the public
receives from government. The Government Finance Officers Association (GFOA) recommends
that governments incorporate public participation efforts in planning, budgeting, and performance
management results processes. Although the City has consistently provided opportunities for
public input through public hearings and budget workshops, there are always ways to improve
accessibility.
Program Budgeting
Program budgeting answers the question `what exactly do we do?'. Program -based budgeting is
a tool where all budgetary information is organized around the City's programs and services,
instead of by department and division. The result is a budget that shows costs of the program,
revenues generated by the program, and how the program ties to citywide goals.
Departments and divisions typically include several individual programs. Budgeting by programs
increases transparency and accountability within departments by breaking down budgets into
smaller, easy to understand units. Programs are also easier to manage and help hold staff
accountable.
Rather than incrementally increasing or decreasing the budget each cycle, program budgeting
requires that the entire budget is reviewed during each budget process. When economic
downturns force difficult budget decisions, it's easier to trim the budget when you know how
programs stack up against the priorities of the City. Conversely, when new revenue sources are
identified, policy can ensure that the additional revenue sources are applied to priorities.
Prioritizing Programs and Aligninq Programs to Strategic Goals and priorities
This next step in the process helps answer the question `how do we prioritize programs?'. Once
programs are identified and budgets are allocated to programs, each program is then evaluated
against established attributes. These attributes can include whether the program is mandated, or
how much of the population is served by the program. The higher the program scores on the
rating scale for each attribute, the higher the priority to the City and the community. Once the
programs are scored, then each program is linked to strategic goals and priorities to demonstrate
how much the City invests in each.
Performance Measures
Measuring performance provides a quantifiable way to recognize successes and identify areas
needing improvement, and allows policy makers, managers, and residents to evaluate the quality
and effectiveness of government services. In other words, it answers the question `how do we
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know if we are successful?' Performance measures quantitatively evaluate the return from
resources spent on programs and services. Generating information about program results and
outcomes and should be an integral part of any budget process. Performance measure data can
bring rationality to planning and budget discussions by demonstrating how the use of resources
over time have met strategic goals.
Benefits of proposed enhancements
The proposed enhancements together are primary elements of priority -based budgeting, a model
reviewed at the May 16, 2017 Finance Committee meeting. By implementing these budget
enhancements outlined above, the City can move toward a more transparent budget process with
increased stakeholder participation.
Priority -based budgeting provides a comprehensive review of the entire City. Resources can be
reallocated to make positive change without laying off staff and without making significant
changes to programs and services the City offers. Staff time is reallocated from low priority
programs to high priority program staffing needs before additional staffing is considered.
Center for Priority Based Budgeting
The Center for Priority Based Budgeting is a leader in assisting organizations in implementing
priority -based budgeting. The Center provides technical and advisory services and will tailor the
scope of work to meet our specific needs. Due to the staff time necessary to lay the groundwork
ensure a successful implementation we would contract with the Center for specific services
including informing the full Council on the benefits of priority -based budgeting, assisting
departments in identifying programs, and improving community involvement in the budget
process. Cost for services would come from existing budget.
RECOMMENDATION
Based on available research, staff recommends incorporating these enhancements in the 2019-
2020 budget. Since these enhancements are long-term in nature, this transition will stretch over
multiple budget cycles. The Committee is asked for consensus to move forward with a
presentation from The Center for Priority Based Budgeting to the full Council. The presentation
is tentatively scheduled for September 18, 2017.
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