HomeMy WebLinkAboutPlanning 2019-06-27 Items 5 & 6 - Attachments - Public Safety Plan: Fire Station 52 Conditional Use and Design ReviewAttachment A: Fire Station 52 Location and Aerial
Proposed Fire Station 52 Location in City of Tukwila
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Tukwila Fire Station 52 and Fire Department Headquarters
Criteria for Conditional Uses (TMC 18.64.030)
/. The proposed use will not be materially detrimental to the public welfare minjurious mthe property mimprovements in
the vicinity.
The proposed project, Tukwila Fire Station 52, will improve public safety within the City of Tukwila by promoting
the health, safety and mental wellbeing of the City's firefighters. FACETS Consulting conducted a study to locate
and size the new fire stations based on optimal response times, and it was determined that the City Hall Campus
site was the best location for Fire Station 52, as it will provide superior emergency response coverage to the City
when Fire Station 5l moves south tncover the Tukwila Valley South area. Additionally, itisbeneficial tolocate the
Fire Administrative Offices on this site adjacent to the City Hall and the Fire Marshal's Office for ease of
communication and access.
Adjacent properties include the Tukwila City Hall and Annex buildings, Sound Mental Health, Cowlitz Tribal Health
Services, and multi -family and single-family residential properties. The projectwill replace the current overflow
parking for the City Hall complex, which will be under-utilized once the municipal courts and police department
move out ofCity Hall totheir new facility. The new fivestation will not otherwise affect the uses cfthe surrounding
properties. The site isaflag lot, meaning that access )s from 05`^Ave Svia aninternal driveway snthe fire station is
only partially visible from 6511 Ave S.
Atraffic study has been commissioned for the intersections of651h Ave Sand Snuthcente Boulevard and 02ndAve S
todetermine whether new traffic signals are warranted toimprove the level of service o/the road and protect the
paths of responding fire apparatus once the fire station project is complete. The project will require, at a minimum,
afire signal atthe entrance tothe property on05mAve l
lThe proposed use shall meet mexceed the same standards ���landscaping, yards, and other development
regulations that are required inthe district itwill occupy.
The proposed fire station will comply with all applicable City policies, codes, and regulations.
The project is located in an Office zone and the design complies with the corresponding zoning requirementsand
setbacks Itwill beapproximately l08OOsquare feet, 28'-9 inheight, and acombination cfone and two stories.
Visible rooftop mechanical equipment will be screened from view by means of an architectural screen, or by
locating itinawell surrounded byhigh brick parapet walls.
AParking Determination request has been submitted to the director of the Department of Community
Development regarding the required number ofparking stalls. The project bproposing l0secured parking stalls in
the rear of the building within the secure perimeter for on -duty fire personnel, which will accommodate overlap
during shift change every other day. Fifteen public stalls, including one van accessible stall, will be provided in the
front ofthe building. These stalls will be used by fire administration employees, by the public for visits such as
blood pressure checks, and for Fire Department personal attending meetings and trainings. Atthetimeofthis
application, the Parking Determination had not yet been finalized.
Landscaping has been chosen and located for site function, climatic condition, aesthetic objectives, and to tie the
building into its context. Plant selections will follow the guidelines inthe Tukwila Municipal Code. The site will be
designed toretain asmanye«istinghealthytreesaspussib}e,phohddngexistingstandsnftmes,tmeaattheske
perimeter, and healthy mature trees. Site design will also take [PTEDprinciples into account. ~�
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I The proposed development shall hecompatible generally with the surrounding land uses.
The fire station is a critical facility serving the surrounding community. As such, the projectiscompatible with any
land use that poses afire orlife safety risk. The location ofthe existing Fire Station 52isinthe midst ofalow-density
residential zone, while the new station will be moving to the border of the low -density residential zone and
adjacent office development.
4 The proposed use shall hoin keeping with the goals and policies of the Comprehensive Land Use Policy Plan.
The proposed Fire Station is consistent with the following goals and policies of the City of Tukwila Comprehensive
Land Use Policy Plan:
`Goal/,Policy# IA"! or Policy Language
�Element/ Identity `-__1.1.3 1 Capitalize on the potential that
�public projects have for serving as
symbols ofthe community, and for
expressing the identity and special
character ofthe area where they are
located.
I Applicant's Response
Implement along-term and
consistent effort toshift negative
perceptions cfcrime and public
safety in Tukwila.
Fire Station 5Zbthe second oftwo new fire stations in
the City ofTukwila. The stations have been designed
using the same language and are considered n
"family" of buildings that have been fine-tuned to fit
their unique site and surroundings. Both stations will
have aprimarily brick exterior with some areas nf
aluminum panel minscnen.The brick color atFS5Z
has been chosen toblend with its residential
surroundings, while the black brick atFS5lismeant to
stand out incommercial Southcpnter. Iconic "fire
station red" doors surrounded byclear glazing will
afford views into the apparatus bays ofboth buildings.
The building has been designed tohave astrong civic
presence in the community and to represent a sense
ofpermanence, safety, reliability, and protection.
1.3.4
'
Include of features
that reflect characteristics of
Tukwibbhistory and cultural
diversity inthe design review of
commercial, public, and multiple -
family
The project includes displays inthe public lobby that
highlight the history and culture of the Tukwila Fire
Department. There will also beaseries cfmurals
throughout the station that are inspired byorillustrate
various aspects of the fire service and the history and
culture of Tukwila.
1�.6 The Tukwila Arts Commission shall
� ensure that Tukwi|a'scharacteristics,
such asits history and cultural
diversity, are considered inpublic art
The project will bcparticipating lhTukwila'sArts
Program and has set agoal mdedicate l%ofits
construction cost toart inand around the building.
Potential art projects include opublic Memorial
Garden, aNtdhentabletop fabricated from aslab of
the historic Foster Maple tree, aswell asthe mural
program described above. The project team will
coordinate these elements with the Arts Commission.
Require that sites have adequate
lighting and are designed using
� crime -reduction principles to
. increase safety.
Adequate site lighting will beprovided toincrease
safety throughout the site. Site lighting will include
bollards, in -wall step lights, and signagelighting. The
lighting levels have been studied and measures have
1 been taken tushield adjacent properties from glare.
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Element 4:Natural Environment
4.1 The[ity's air, land mdwater
resources are restored and
protected for future generations.
4.7.1
Improve surface water management
and ensure provision ofwater
quality treatment where required.
The station has been designed toexceed Washington
State Energy code with the efficiency of its building
envelope. Highly efficient HVA[systems and LED
lighting will further reduce the building's energy
consumption. Additionally, operational strategies that
will minimize the building's impact onthe
environment will beemployed, including systems
commissioning and green housekeeping.
The project will beincreasing the overall impervious
surface onthe property and will therefore be
improving the overall momnwatermanagement and
water quality treatment ofthe site byinstalling an
underground stonnwaterdetention vault capable of
storing and treating ahigher volume ofwater than the
existing retention pond, and byinstalling amodular
wetland.
4.12 Trees are recognized by Tukwila
� dtizeos businesses, City staff and
' decision -makers for their benefits to
the environment, urban
infrastructure and their aesthetic
4.13.1
The project team has engaged unArboristtoevaluate
all ofthe existing trees nnsite and u»provide
protection recommendations for significant trees. The
project will comply with Tukwi|a'sTree Policy and will
replace trees asrequired, either onthe project site o,
inanalternate location.
Promote tree retention throughout See above.
the City.
Element 5: Shorelines
Element 6: Po»ks�Recreation and O,enSpace
63.1 Design parks and recreation facilities
that encourage social interaction
and the gathering of large and small
6.5.1 Design parks and public spaces
using accepted public safety
standards such asCrime Prevention
through Environmental Design
Principles (CPTED) or Defensible
expected users and neighborhood
residents, inappropriate aspects of
Fire Station 52was specifically NOT located within
shoreline zone due toits designation usanessential
facility and the requirement that itremain operational
in the event of a local disaster, such as a flood.
Apublic Entry Plaza will beprovided atthe front ufthe
station which may serve asagathering spot for small
groups. Apublic Memorial Garden will also be
provided along the pedestrian path through the
property.
The landscape bbeing designed with [PTED
principles inmind. Public access tnthe site isbeing
thoughtfully controlled with grading and landscaping,
aswell ayselect areas offencing. Lighting has been
designed tokeep all areas ofthe property safe.
Community members have been invited to several
open houses todate for the Public Safety Plan, of
which this station is a part, updating them on the
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capital project and program
planning and implementation.
progress ofthe projects and soliciting their feedback.
The design team and Fire Chief have additionally been
inclose contact with the immediate neighbors tuthe
north.
Element 7. Residential Neighborhoods
7.8.4 Discourage noise levels
incompatible with residential
The design of the fire station, coupled with the
standard practices ofthe Fire Department, discourage
noise levels incompatible with the residential
neighborhood:
Sirens onfire apparatus are used toclear traffic on
public rights-of-wayand will likely beunnecessary
when onthe fire station property. As standard
practice, the fire department ismindful ofonly using
the siren when absolutely necessary inresidential
neighborhoods and atnight.
-Beeping oftrucks asthey back-up will beminimized
because ofthe drive -through station design. When
returning from acall, fire trucks will drive around the
building and into the Apparatus Bays, asopposed to
needing toreverse into the Bays and using their back-
up a|arms.
Element 13: Transportation
' lll LevelofSemiu�Tm�c|eves�d-
' sewiceprovide safe and efficient
. movement ofpedestrians, bicycles,
cars, buses and trucks, and
incorporate evolving, sustainable
land use and traffic patterns.
Atraffic study has been commissioned for the
intersections of05thAve 5and 6outhoenterBoulevard
and 0ZndAve Studetermine whether new traffic
signals are warranted tuimprove the level ofservice uf
those roads and protect the paths ofresponding fire
apparatus once the fire station project iscomplete.
The project will require, ataminimum, afire signal at
the entrance tothe property onO5thAve Stoalert
drivers toexiting fire vehicles.
Bement?wCapital Facilities
14.1.2 The City'smanagement of its capital
facilities shall follow this order:
l. Regular inspection nfsystems for
evaluation and toensure the
conformity with current safety
standards.
2.Prioritizing projects when making
improvements, ifthe public health
' and safety batrisk.
I Preventative maintenance and
cost-effective replacement ofaging
dements.
4. Planning for the orderly extension
and upgrading nfcapital systems.
Asthe population inTukwila has grown and fire
station programming has evolved, the existing Station
52has been deemed inadequate tuaccommodate the
increased demand and required response efficiency.
Additionally, ithas been deemed not structurally fit to
withstand anatural disaster, potentially putting both
the firefighters and public atrisk. The proposed
building will prioritize the health and safety of both
the public and ofthe daily occupants byproviding
safe, healthy and healing spaces that can beeasily
maintained for many decades.
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14.2.1
The City shall recognize and provide
for multiple purposes and functions
in all City facilities, and where
possible, incorporate the needs of
the individual within the design.
As the new headquarters station, Fire Station 52 will
include a conference room and a back-up EOC which
can also be used for fire department trainings, as well
as by community groups such as the HAM Radio Club
or the Fire Explorers.
14.2.3
The design and location of
infrastructure improvement shall
consider the impact of climate
change, seismic occurrence, and
ability to serve the community in the
event of a natural disaster.
14.2.4
Minimizing the costs of maintaining,
operating and other life cycle costs
shall be used as criteria in the design
and funding for any capital facility.
Fire Stations are classified as essential facilities and
need to perform to a higher seismic level than typical
structures. Architecturally, the building will be
designed to maintain building enclosure and weather
resistance after a design -level seismic event. The
building structure will be designed to meet
"immediate occupancy" performance level described
in FEMA 389. The project has been located specifically
to be of use to City staff at the nearby City Hall in case
of a major disaster.
The building envelope will be designed to perform
above code minimum levels to reduce energy loads
on the mechanical and electrical systems. Exterior wall
cladding will be brick and metal panel, which are both
low -maintenance, durable materials.
14.2.5
The design and construction of any
capital projects shall:
a. Use best practices for a crime -
free environment
b. Create high -quality built places
c. Have a strong landscape
component
d. Maximize environmental and
economic benefits
e. Minimize environmental costs
f. Promote public health by
providing opportunities for safe and
convenient daily physical activity.
Element 15: Roles and Responsibilities
15.1
Provide a high -performing, service -
and results -oriented government
that works with citizens, citizens
groups, institutions and service
providers to recognize and solve
problems within the community.
15.2.2 Assure that essential public facilities
are located where necessary, and
a. CPTED Principles are being incorporated.
b. Durable and high -quality materials and
construction methods are being used to build a low -
maintenance, long-lasting civic building.
c. The landscape design incorporates low -
maintenance, native vegetation and follows the City's
recommended planting list.
D & E. Given the long-term life of the proposed station,
the building envelope will be designed to perform
above code minimum levels to reduce energy loads
on the mechanical and electrical systems, as the
budget allows. The envelope will, at a minimum, meet
WSEC requirements. The design team will endeavor to
balance the insulation performance with the
mechanical system.
f. The entry plaza and memorial garden provide
destinations for respite for neighbors and employees
and the cross -site pedestrian path extends the
neighborhood network of walking routes.
The design team has worked closely with the City and
the Fire Department throughout the design process.
The greater project team has also held 4 public open
houses, solicited public input and made project
information available online and through other
communication channels.
The fire station has been sited to minimize response
times for emergency calls in the city. The station's
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that they are conditioned co
appropriate toensure equity and to
mitigate their impacts in the
community.
location adjacent tothe City Hall isadditionally
beneficial because it simplifies in -person
communication between the Fire Department
Headquarters and the City Hall facilities.
I All measures shall hotaken mminimize thepossihleadverse impacts which the proposed use may have onthe area in
which it is located.
The proposed project improves public safety in the area by providing a state-of-the-artfimstadon,administmtion
offices, and department headquarters. However, due to its role in emergency response, fire station staff will be
responding to calls at all times of the day and night, which could be initially unsettling for the adjacent residential
neighbors. Understanding this situation, the design team, fire chief, and fire department representatives have been
proactive inreaching out tothe neighbors from early inthe design process. Please refer to attached memo for a
summary of the most recent meeting between the neighbors to the north, the architect, and the fire chief. The
following outlines the project team'sresponses totheir main concerns:
'Nei~hb--_—_n
Sirens when fire apparatus leave station onan
emergency call.
Project Team's Response
Sirens are used toclear traffic onpublic hght*of-way
and will beunnecessary when onthe fire station
property. Aastandard practice, the fire department
will not sound their sirens until they reach the public
! right'of-wayonO5mAve lExtra noise from drilling
�activities orequipment testing will belimited to
daytime hours as defined by the TMC.
Loud beeping noise made when fire apparatus backs
'
up
Adrive-through station has been approved byTukwi|a
City Council. When returning from acall, fire trucks will
simply drive around the building and into the rear of
the Apparatus Bays, asopposed toneeding toreverse
into the Bays and use their back-up alarms. Visiting
apparatus may occasionally need toback uponthe
front apron, but those visits will beconcentrated
during daytime hours. Garbage trucks and other
delivery vehicles will also only visit the station and
potentially use their back-up alarms during weekday,
daytime hours.
Unsightly views ufand noise from rooftop mechanical
The design team and fire chief have worked closely
with the residential neighbors located tothe north of
the proposed station toassure their level ofcomfort
with the station design. The design conceals much of
the rooftop mechanical equipment behind abrick
parapet wall. This wall serves asboth avisual and
acoustic barrier between the neighbor and that
equipment. All other rooftop equipment that will be
visible from the ROW north ofthe station will be
concealed behind anarchitectural screen. An
acoustical study has also been commissioned to
confirm the noise levels from all mechanical
equipment atthe property line.
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ARCHITECTS +uxn^wnEqcws^S
Tukwila Fire Station 52 and Fire Department Headquarters
Design Review Criteria:
Criteria for Commercial and Light Industrial Developments (TIVIC 18.60.050(A))
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1. Relationship wfStructure twSite
u The site should be planned to accomplish a desirable transition with the streetscape and to provide for adequate landscaping and
pedestrian movement.
b. Parking ondservice areasshould be located, designed andscreened to moderate the visualimpact oflarge paved areas.
C. The ooWmu^dsculeufeach building should 000msiderndmrelation m/tssi/e
The site is a flag lot, meaning that itbconnected to 6511 Ave S via aninternal access road, with minimal street
frontage. Only the northern -most portion ofthe building will bevisible from 65mAve lAmonument sign with
building identification and property address will be located at 65' Ave S and an oversized "52" on the building will
bevisible from the bottom ofthe driveway. Drivers entering the property will bedirected tothe visitor parking bya
combination of signage and paving patterns that distinguish the drive aisle from the front apron area. Pedestrian
access will beprovided across the site, both by an ADA-accessible route from the parking, past the station entry
and south to the City Hall property, and by a footpath directly from the access road to the City Hall property.
AParking Determination request has been submitted tothe director ofthe Department ofCommunity
Development regarding the required number ofparking stalls. The project bproposing l6secured parking stalls in
the rear of the building within the secure perimeter for on -duty fire personnel. This has been sized to
accommodate overlap during shift changes and avisiting command vehicle. Fifteen public stalls, including one
van accessible stall, will beprovided inthe front ofthe building. These stalls will beused byfire administration
employees, bythe public for visits such asblood pressure h and for Fire Department meetings and tminings.
Atthe time this letter waswriuen'theParNngDeterminationhadnotyetbepnMnaUzed.
While fire station sites inherently include wide areas ofpaving for fire apparatus maneuvering, the site design for
this project breaks up the expanses of paving and parking with multi -purpose landscape features, including plants,
seating wall, and wall-like elements that act as both bollards and seating. The scale of the paving areas has also
been further broken down with pattern and texture changes.
Landscaping has been chosen and located for site function, climatic condition, aesthetic objectives, and to tie the
building into its context. Site design will also take [PTEDprinciples into account. Plant selections will follow the
guidelines intheTuhwi|aMunicipal Code. Following the recommendations ofanodbohst'sreport Vbuhooming\
the site has been designed toretain asmanyexistinghealthytee aspossible, prioritizing existing stands oftrees,
trees atthe site perimeter, and healthy mature trees. Two trees recommended tobeprotected, which are located
very close to the property line on the residential neighbor's property, will likely not be able to be saved. The project
team will work with the property owner tocome toagreement for those trees tobereplaced aspart ofthe project
scope.
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2. Relationship myStructure and Site to Adjoining Area
uHarmony mtexture, line and masses *encouraged.
b.Appropriate landscape transition madjoining properties should oeprovided.
cPublic buildings and structures should opconsistent with the established neighborhood character.
d. Compatibility of vehicular andpedestrian circulation patterns and loading facilities in terms of safety. efficiency and convenience
should beencouraged.
eCompatibility o,on-site vehicular circulation with street circulation should hoencouraged.
The project is located inanOffice zone onasite currently occupied bythe overflow parking lot for the Tukwila City
Hall, which will be under-utilized once the municipal courts and police departmentmove out cfCity Hall mtheir
na°fad|ity. bisbordered bythe City Hall Campus, Sound Mental Health, and Cowlitz Tribal Health Services tothe
south, and by residential properties to the north and the west. The Fire Station complies with zoning requirements
and setbacks for the Office zone and has been designed using materials and language compatible with the
adjacent high -density and low -density residential zones. Landscape buffers and attractive architectural screening
elements have been provided along the property lines in order to filter views into the station property.
For security reasons, the project will beclosing off the current vehicular connection between the City Hall site and
the project site. However, the project will include a new accessible pedestrian route from the front door of the
station to the City Hall property. This pedestrian connection is highly beneficial as it simp|ifiesin'peuon
communication between the Fire Department Headquarters and the City Hall facilities. Additionally, a second
public pedestrian route will be provided from the driveway entrance on 65 1h Ave S to the City Hall property, by way
ofthe Memorial Garden.
Local traffic impacts of the new station location are being studied by a traffic engineer, who will determine whether
modifications need to be made to adjacent signalization in order to maintain current levels of service and effective
passage for responding fire apparatus.
3' Landscape and Site Treatment
a. Where existing topographic patterns contribute to beauty and utility ofodevelopment, they should be recognized, preserved and
enhanceu
uGrades orwalks, parking spaces, terraces and other paved areas should promote safety and provide oninviting and stable
appearance,
cLandscape treatment should enhance architectural features, strengthen vistas and important axis, and provide shade.
d.mlocations where plants will oesusceptible to injury bypedestrian mmotor traffic, mitigating steps should betaken.
^ Where building sites limit planting, the placement o/trees mshrubs mpaved areas is encouraged.
f Screening of service yards and other places, which tend to be unsightly should be accomplished by the use of walls, fencing, planting
o,combinations ofthese. Screening should ooeffective mwinter and summer.
g. In areas where general planting will not prosper, other materials such as fences, walls, and paving of wood, brick, stone o,gravel may
be used.
h lighting, when used, should enhance the building design and the adjoining landscape. Lighting standards and fixtures should
o»vrudesign and size compatible with the building and adjacent area. Lighting should veshielded, and restrained mdesign. Excessive
brightness and brilliant colors should »oavoided
The existing site topography has considerable slope. Significant earthwork will bedone in order toprovide flat
front and rear aprons, an accessible path from the station entry to the City Hall property, and to lessen the slope of
the driveway, helping tomitigate negative impacts onthe fire apparatus. Wherever possible, retaining wall
heights have been minimized to provide a greater sense of openness across the site and to reduce projects costs.
At the front entry, slopes are minimized in order to facilitate pedestrian movement between the parking area and
the building. The entry plaza is kept relatively flat to maximize the flexibility of the space for different programmatic
opportunities. On the west side of the building, an existing retaining wall is maintained in order to minimize site
disturbance. In order to meet the existing conditions at the wall, a 3:1 sloping area will be carved into the
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landscape. This sloped area between the rear apron and the raised portion of the property along the west edge will
provide the opportunity for a viewing garden for the firefighters, featuring areas of exposed bedrock and planted
pockets ofgrasses, shrubs and coniferous and deciduous trees. Along the north and south edges of the property,
retaining walls will be vital to meeting and matching the existing adjacent grades, while also creating a relatively
flat, usable space for the building footprint and its surrounding areas.
The landscape site plan integrates the site's existing attributes with identified site program goals, code
requirements and sustainable strategies. The site plan expresses the objective of developing a beautiful civic
facility that isresilient, easy tomaintain, safe, spatia|k+efficipnt,and low incost. Plants have been chosen and
located for site function, climatic condition, aesthetic objectives, and to tie the building into its context. Strong
all6es of trees extend east -west at the north and south site boundaries to frame the building and provide spatial
organization. Tall, columnar, deciduous trees will be used for these all6es and will provide shade, shelter, and a
sense of human scale to the pedestrian walkways. The site will be planted extensively along each of its boundaries,
including the public street frontage, side and rear yards, asrequired bycode.
i At the public entry, understory plants will be arranged in large, simple swaths to emphasize the site
organization and provide a strong visual identity for this important civic facility.
U. In the private rear yard, on the slope to the west of the building, resilient, easy to maintain plantings
will function to soften the hardscape and add an additional layer of screening. They will be selected based
onthe soil conditions and adjacency toexposed bedrock areas.
|||. Aplanting bed with shrubs and trees wraps the southwest corner ofthe building and offers avisual
connection to nature from the interior of the building while serving as a vegetated buffer between the
bunk rooms and the rear apron and drilling spaces.
|V' Tree sizing will range from 3to2inch caliper for deciduous trees and lO'lZfeet inheight for
evergreen trees.
V. All plants will be drought -tolerant and native/adaptive species that will require less irrigation as they
become established. Plant sizes and spacing have been selected tomaximize planting coverage, support
plant establishment, and reduce site cost while creating a safe pedestrian environment.
V|. The lawn seed mixes will be focused on low maintenance and performance. All non -lawn planting
areas will receive one 2^layer ofmulch toinsulate plant roots from extreme temperature fluctuations,
reduce weeding, retain moisture, and provide a slow release of organic nutrients.
V|i Screening of both the service areas and secure rear apron will be providing by layers of planting, in
conjunction with high'quaUty, simple aluminum palisade fencing.
The fire station site will have anetwork ofconcrete paths tosafely connect parking facilities and sidewalks tothe
building. The concrete entry plaza connects to a 6'wide concrete sidewalk, creating a pedestrian pathway to 65th
Ave S. An accessible route is provided between the main building entry and the City of Tukwila City Hall property
tothe south. Paving materials have been chosen for durability over time, reducing long term maintenance. Scoring
patterns, pavement types, and concrete seat walls will intentionally provide a sense of pedestrian scale and act as a
wayOndingtool todifferentiate walkways from vehicular routes. The paved plaza allows for flexible space for the
staff and the public topractice arange ofactivities.
The site lighting design has been carefully considered tomeet safety and security lighting needs, with pedestrian -
scale accent|ightingtha highlights the landscape design and complements the building, improving the
pedestrian experience. The light fixtures are minimal in design, with the focus being on showcasing the light and
not the fixture. At walkways, a combination of LED pathway bollards and step lights are used to provide a safe and
engaging pedestrian experience. At parking and driving areas, taller LED fixtures with a greater light spread are
utilized. To control glare from the neighbors, they will be equipped with a dimming capability and motion
detector. Landscape LED lighting is used to highlight landscape features and signage. The benches in the public
plaza include aminimal LED strip light below the seating surface.
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4. Building Design
^ Architectural style isnot restricted, evaluation nfoproject should oobased onquality m/design and relationship msurroundings.
b. Buildings should be to appropriate scale and be in harmony with permanent neighboring developments.
cBuilding components, such as windows, doors, eaves, and parapets, should have good proportions and relationship to one another.
Building components and ancillary parts shall be consistent with anticipated life of the structure.
uColors should beharmonious, with bright o,brilliant colors used only for accent.
e. Mechanical equipment or other utility hardware on roof ground or buildings should be screened from view.
f Exterior lighting shouldoepart o/the architectural concept. Fixtures, standards and all exposed accessories should oeharmonious
with building design.
g. Monotony of design in single ormultiple building projects should be avoided. Variety of detail, form and fimtushould housed m
provide visual interest.
The new Tukwila Fire Stations are being designed mhave astrong civic presence inthe community and tu
represent a sense of permanence, safety, reliability, and protection. The facility will be designed for longevity of use
and ease of maintenance, and to provide a healthy, energy -efficient and comfortable place of work and respite for
the firefighters and administrative staff. The second ofthe two new Tukwila fire stations, Fire Station 52will follow
and expand upon the precedents set at Station 5l'creating afamily ofnew facilities that are recognizable within
the community.
Fire Station 5lbaone-story station with a two -bay apparatus garage. It utilizes brick as the primary exterior
material toemphasize its civic presence and permanence inthe community. Slots ofmetal panels and windows
were cut into the brick, providing relief and variety across the facade, as well as glazing in strategic locations. A
similar language of a brick mass broken by metal panel and glazed slots is utilized at Station 52. Both stations
showcase the apparatus bays with full -height storefront glazing and iconic red, glazed doors. All exterior materials
are high quality, low maintenance, and durable. While a dark brick was chosen for Station 51 so that it would stand
out in Tukwila South, the residential and arboreal surroundings at Station 52 dictated a lighter, friendlier palette.
This station will have a warm, purple -brown brick with zinc metal paneling that will catch the light. The steel details
otthe roof edges and canopies will becontrasting inglossy black. Signageatthe station entry will bepainted red to
match the apparatus bay doors and further emphasize the public entrance to the building.
Glazing isused strategically throughout the station iobalance needs for dayighdngand views with concerns
about cost, privacy and security. |nthe Apparatus Bay, storefront glazing onthe east side affords views cfthe fire
apparatus to visitors and allows for natural daylighting of the space. The entry vestibule on the first floor and
administrative waiting area above have full -height glazing, identifying their public program on the exterior of the
building and providing a bright place for visitors to wait. The remainder of the station has large punched openings
located for efficient day|ighdngand access toviews. Operable windows will beprovided where increased
ventilation is needed or desirable, but only in rooms that are on the second floor or behind the secure perimeter,
for reasons ofbuilding safety.
The program for Station 52 combines use by both on -duty firefighters and the Fire Department administrative staff.
The building will therefore betwo stories inorder to better fit onthe narrow site, and toprovide anefficient
massing to reduce construction costs. The two-story administrative and station volume will be flanked to the north
by a three -bay apparatus garage with drive -through access at each bay. The building has been designed to
accommodate the longest vehicle inthe fleet inany ofthe three bays. Autility bar with storage, decontamination,
and shop spaces will border the apparatus bays on the north side. The single -story utility bar is topped with a tall
parapet that will conceal all of the apparatus bay mechanical equipment completely from the views of the
neighboring properties. Other rooftop mechanical equipment has been located centrally on the two-story portion
of the building so that it is not visible from most adjacent properties or the entry driveway. There will be a low
architectural screen around that equipment to protect the few views from the neighborhood that do include the
roof ofthe new building.
Exterior, building -mounted light fixtures are used to provide safe and legible building entrances. Site lighting has
been located on site walls where possible to minimize its visibility from adjacent properties.Fixtures are simple in
form and painted black to match the steel accents on the building.
we nuesu/; 'i'sear|C mmoo���
The exterior operations and equipment at this station will be screened from public view and surrounded by a
secure perimeter topmtect from theft and vandalism. The public side ofthe site will bewelcoming incharacter and
clearly demarcate the areas open to the community, including a small plaza at the entry and a memorial garden
adjacent tothe visitor parking. In addition to both public and secure parking, the site will accommodate drilling
space for on -duty firefighters, an emergency generator, and a public pedestrian pathway to allow ADA-access
between the fire station and the adjacent City Hall property.
S. Miscellaneous Structures and Street Furniture
a. Miscellaneous structures and street furniture should be designed mbe part of the architectural concept wdesign and landscape.
Materials should be compatible with buildings, scale should beappropriate, colors should bemharmony with buildings and
surroundings, and proportions should bemscale.
uLighting mconnection with miscellaneous structures and street furniture should meet the guidelines applicable msite, landscape and
ouxumez
An architectural screen and motorized gate will provide a secure perimeter around the firefighterparking and rear
apron, where fire department drilling activities occur. This aluminum architectural screen will have adean
aesthetic consistent with the language of the building and will be finished to match the metal panels on the facade.
Its height aligns with a major datum line onthe building. The trash enclosure, utility enclosure, and generator
enclosure will be consistent with the design and materiality of the architectural screen. These enclosures will be
open ontop, utilizing the general site lighting.
Long, concrete seat walls throughout the plaza area will provide seating for groups and individuals. Concrete wall
elements are also used to delineate the visiting apparatus turning zone, serving as both bollards and seating. The
walls will be cast -in -place concrete with wood seat tops. Their forms and locations relate to the "slots" on the
building and help tndefine the public space inthe entry plaza. They will include integral lighting, highlighting the
pedestrian scale of the public space and providing area lighting that does not create glare for surrounding
properties.
6. Consistency with adopted plans and regulations (TMCn�100.030)
Demonstrate the muovermwhich the proposal is consistent with, carries out and helps implement applicable state laws and the
regulations, policies, objectives and goals of the City of Tukwila Comprehensive Plan, the City of Tukwila's Development Regulations and
other official laws, policies and objectives v/the City orTukwila.
The project isconsistent with Tukwila's adopted plans and regulations. This application is being submitted in
conjunction with a Conditional Use Permit and SEPA Checklist, both of which outline in detail the ways in which the
project is meeting or exceeding all applicable goals and regulations. Please refer to the SEPA Checklist and Criteria
for Conditional Uses narrative submitted with this document for more information.
uzooA enuesu|»esm'seauie. wmna1z�
vvems. Lemxuzom Tuoa44amsoa puoa*41, 31z16
129
130
19201 120'h Ave NE, Ste 201,
Bothell, WA 98011
City of Tukwila Public Safety Plan
— Relocate Fire Station 52
Traffic Analysis Report
Prepared By
May 2019
131
Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION 3
1.1 Traffic Study Purpose 3
1.2 Project Overview 4
2. EXISTING CONDITIONS 5
2.1 Street Network 5
2.2 Accident Data 10
3. TRAFFIC SIGNAL WARRANT ANALYSIS 10
4. TRAFFIC OPERATIONAL ANALYSIS 11
4.1 Methodology and Assumptions 11
4.2 Existing 2019 Conditions 12
4.3 2021 Traffic Forecasting 14
4.4 2021 Traffic Operations 16
5. CONCLUSIONS 19
APPENDIX A 2014-2018 ACCIDENT RECORDS IN THE STUDY AREA
APPENDIX B LOS DEFINITIONS
APPENDIX C HCS TRAFFIC ANALYSIS RESULTS SUMMARY
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132
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Traffic Study Purpose
The City of Tukwila is relocating Fire Station 52 to improve public safety. The proposed location is just north of
City Hall, as shown in Figure 1. Once the fire station is built, the connection to City Hall will be blocked. Also, the
Police Department and the Municipal Court will be relocated away from City Hall and impact the traffic using the
nearby intersections. This traffic study includes the driveway connection to 65th Ave S and three intersections on
along Southcenter Boulevard: 615T Ave S, 65th Ave S and 66th Ave S. The analysis includes existing and future
conditions during AM and PM peak hours of the weekday.
The intersections on Southcenter Boulevard at 615t Ave S and 66th Ave S are signalized intersections and the
intersection at 65th Ave S is a one way stop controlled intersection. The 65t' Ave S intersection is a "T"
intersection with Southcenter Boulevard as the East-West through street and 65th Ave S as the stem to the
north. The intersection is currently controlled by a stop sign at 65th Ave S. The operational analysis provides
future operations with and without a traffic signal at the 65th Ave S intersection. See Figure 2 for traffic study
limits.
Figure 1. Proposed Fire Station 52 location
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133
Driveway rto Cny Hall &
Driveway to Parking Lot
Figure 2. Traffic Study Limits
65th Ave S &
Driveway to City HaH
The traffic study considers existing 2019 AM and PM peak hour traffic operations and "Build" and "No -Build"
scenarios in 2021 at the three intersections. The traffic volumes in 2021 are calculated using a background
traffic growth rate of 1.8% provided by the City of Tukwila.
Traffic Data Gathering provided turning movements of the 65th Ave S intersection and two intersections before
entering City Hall through 65th Ave S on March 215T. The data was collected from 7:15 AM to 9:15 AM and from
3:45 PM to 5:45 PM. Turning movement data for the 615t Ave S and 66th Ave S intersections was collected from
3:45 PM to 5:45 PM on April 9th and from 7:15 AM to 9:15 AM on April 10th.
The results of the analyses present average control delay, levels of service (LOS) and expected vehicle queue
length for each leg of the study intersection as well as overall intersection average control delay and LOS.
1.2 Project Overview
Fire Station 52 will be relocated to the parking lot north of City Hall. After Fire Station 52 is relocated, the
driveway connection from City Hall to 65th Ave S will be cut off. The traffic entering and exiting City Hall could
only go through the driveway between 62°d Ave S and 65th Ave 5 or 62nd Ave 5 through Southcenter Boulevard.
Also, the proposed Fire Station 52 will have meeting rooms built in and generate additional traffic to the nearby
intersections. At the same time, the Police Department and the Municipal Court are planned to be relocated
away from City Hall, which will decrease the traffic using nearby intersections. Fehr & Peers provided traffic
volumes for every hour during a typical working day and trip distributions of inbound and outbound traffic.
Table 1 shows the inbound and outbound traffic volume generated by the Justice Center during one day.
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134
Table 1. Inbound and Outbound Traffic Volume to/from the Justice Center
40,
go
Midnight
1AM
2AM
3AM
4AM
5AM
6AM
7AM
8AM
9AM
10AM
11AM
Noon
1PM
2PM
3PM
4PM
5PM
6PM
7PM
8PM
9PM
10PM
11PM
0.50%
0.50%
0.50%
0.50%
0.50%
4.00%
1.00%
3.00%
20.00%
12.00%
8.00%
8.00%
8.00%
8.00%
5.00%
5.00%
5.00%
6.00%
1.00%
1.00%
0.50%
0.50%
0.50%
0.50%
2
2
2
2
2
17
4
12
83
50
33
33
21
21
21
25
4
4
2
2
2
0.50%
0.50%
0.50%
0.50%
0.50%
1.00%
2.00%
3.00%
4.00%
4.00%
4.00%
6.00%
8.00%
6.00%
6.00%
6.00%
9.00%
28.00%
7.00%
1.00%
0.50%
0.50%
0.50%
0.50%
2
2
_.
2
2
4
8
12
17
17
17
25
33
25
25
25_.
37
116
29
4
2
2
2
The fire station is planning to open in 2021. The traffic study redistributed existing traffic using the driveway
west of 65th Ave S to City Hall, estimated traffic generated by the fire station, decreased the volume due to the
relocation of the Police Department and the Municipal Court, and forecasted the background traffic volume in
2021 using a 1.8% annual traffic growth rate provided by the City.
The traffic study analyzed Existing Conditions as well as "Build" and "No -Build" Scenarios for 2021 opening year
conditions.
2. EXISTING CONDITIONS
2.1 Street Network
Southcenter Boulevard
Southcenter Boulevard is classified as a principal arterial and carries traffic east and west between Tukwila
International Boulevard and Interurban Ave 5. It connects SR 181, 1-405 and 1-5 to Sea-Tac International Airport.
Within this project limit, Southcenter Boulevard is in office and regional commercial mixed use zones.
Southcenter Boulevard has five lanes within the study area between the intersections of 6151 Ave S and 66th Ave
5. See Photos 1, 2 and 3 below.
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135
Photo 1. Southcenter Boulevard facing east at the intersection of 61' Ave S
Photo 2. Southcenter Boulevard facing east at the intersection of 65 Ave S
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136
Photo 3. Southcenter Boulevard facing east at the intersection of 66th Ave S
The posted speed limit on Southcenter Boulevard is 35 mph. The speed data at the intersection of 65th Ave S and
Southcenter Boulevard was measured by Traffic Data Gathering on March 21sT. The data shows that the 85
percentile speed eastbound on Southcenter Boulevard at 65th Ave S intersection was 41.9 mph and 79.0% of
vehicles were driving above the 35mph speed limit. The 85 percentile speed westbound on Southcenter
Boulevard at 65th Ave S intersection was 39.3mph and 41.9% of vehicles were driving above 35 mph.
There are bus stops for King County Metro Route 150 and the RapidRide F line on both sides of Southcenter
Boulevard west of 65th Ave S. The RapidRide F line runs every 10 mins during morning and afternoon peak hours.
Route 150 runs every 15 mins during morning and afternoon peak hours.
According to the traffic count conducted on March 19th — March 215t of 2019, Southcenter Boulevard carries
11,447 vehicles per day at the intersection of 65th Ave S.
615YAve S
61st Ave S in the study area is a principal corridor for transit and carries traffic between Southcenter Boulevard
and Tukwila Parkway. It is a four -lane roadway with a right turn pocket towards Tukwila Parkway. The posted
speed limit on 615' Ave S is 35 mph. According to traffic volume counts collected on April 9th and 10th, 63% of the
traffic using 615t Ave S goes southbound during the morning peak hour and 64% goes southbound during the
afternoon peak hour.
65th Ave S
65th Ave S in the study area is a collector arterial and carries traffic between Southcenter Boulevard and S 1515t
St. It is a two-lane roadway with a left turn pocket towards Southcenter Boulevard. The posted speed limit on
Page ( 7
137
61st Ave S is 25 mph. According to the traffic count conducted on March 19th - March 21' of 2019, 65th Ave S
carries 1,886 vehicles per day at the intersection of Southcenter Boulevard.
66th Ave 5
66th Ave S in the study area carries traffic between Southcenter Boulevard and Tukwila Parkway. It is a five -lane
roadway. The posted speed limit on 66th Ave S is 35 mph. According to traffic volumes collected on April 9' and
10', 61.8% of the traffic using 61' Ave S goes southbound during the morning peak hour and 45.2% goes
southbound during the afternoon peak hour.
Intersection Traffic Control
The 61st Ave S intersection is currently signalized. WHPacific performed a field visit on April 12th of 2019 and
observed that the queue of traffic eastbound sometimes could not completely clear the intersection in some
cycles. There are pedestrian crosswalks on the east side of 61st Ave S.
The 65th Ave S intersection is a "T" intersection and not signalized. The traffic is controlled by a stop sign on 65th
Ave S. There is a left turn pocket entering Southcenter Boulevard on 65th Ave S. This intersection has pedestrian
crosswalks on the west and north legs of the intersection.
The 66th Ave S intersection is currently signal controlled. There is a driveway north of Southcenter Boulevard.
WHPacific engineers observed no traffic entering it or exiting the driveway towards Southcenter Boulevard
during their field visit. There are pedestrian crosswalks on the east leg of the intersection.
Transit Facilities
King County Metro provides public transportation services along Southcenter Boulevard in the vicinity of the
proposed project. Currently there are two transit routes that stop at both sides of Southcenter Boulevard and
there are four bus stops in total in the study area. Two stops are located west of 65th Ave S and two are east of
61st Ave S. RapidRide F line buses arrive at the stops from 5:00am to 12:30am during the weekday and operate
from 6:30am to 12:30am on weekends. The Metro Route 150 bus arrives at the stops from 5:00am to 12:30am
during weekdays and operates from 5:30am to 12:30am on Saturdays and 6:00am to 12:30am on Sundays. The
RapidRide F line runs every 10 mins during morning and afternoon peak hours. Route 150 runs every 15 mins
during morning and afternoon peak hours. See Figure 3. RapidRide F Line Map and Figure 4. Route 150 Map.
Page ( 8
RAPIDRIDE !F LINE - EAST OF 1-5
MAP
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SOUTHCENTER, KENT Route 150
S 194th S
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S 180th St
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Figure 4. Route 150 Map
Renton
Transit
(enter
5 3rd PI
5 Oth PI
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153 180
158 183
159 566
164 913
166 914
168 916
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ent
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below)
Page ( 9
139
2.2 Accident Data
Historical accident data at three study intersections was acquired and evaluated for the purpose of identifying
potential safety problems or concerns that may exist.
WHPacific acquired crash data from 2014 to 2018 through WSDOT. There were a total of 69 accidents at the
intersection of 61sT Ave S and Southcenter Boulevard from 2014 to 2018. 51 accidents caused no apparent
injury, 14 accidents caused possible injury, 1 accident caused suspected serious injury, 2 accidents caused
suspected minor injury, and 1 accident's injury type is unknown.
Ten accidents happened at 65th Ave S intersection from 2014 to 2018 and four of them caused no apparent
injury. Another four accidents were possible injury and the other two caused suspected serious injury. Our
evaluation showed that of these ten accidents, six accidents might have been corrected by the installation of a
traffic signal. The installation of traffic signal at 65th Ave S will assign the right of entry and improve safety at the
intersection. The number of possible injury accidents that may be corrected by adding a traffic signal is three (3)
from 2014 to 2018.
There were four accidents that happened at the intersection of 66th Ave S and Southcenter Boulevard during the
four years. Three out of the four accidents were no apparent injury and one caused suspected minor injury.
The detailed crash data received from WSDOT is included in Appendix A.
3. TRAFFIC SIGNAL WARRANT ANALYSIS
Washington State, by statute, has adopted the signal warrants delineated within FHWA's Manual of Uniform
Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways. The traffic control signal needs study for this project refers to
the 2009 Edition, adopting Revisions 1 and 2 with an effective date of June 12, 2012. Since the intersections at
61' Ave S and 66th Ave S are signalized, the traffic signal warrant analysis was just performed for the
intersection of 65th Ave S and Southcenter Boulevard. The nine warrants listed below were studied:
Warrant 1. Eight -Hour Vehicular Volume
Warrant 2. Four -Hour Vehicular Volume
Warrant 3. Peak Hour
Warrant 4. Pedestrian Volume
Warrant 5. School Crossing
Warrant 6. Coordinated Signal System
Warrant 7. Crash Experience
Warrant 8. Roadway Network
Warrant 9. Intersection Near a Grade Crossing
Southcenter Boulevard is the major street for the intersection and it has two lanes westbound and three lanes
eastbound with a left turn pocket. 65th Ave S is the minor street for the intersection, which has a two-lane
section with a right turn pocket on the southbound approach at 65th Ave S. Based on traffic turn movement
counts, the southbound volume of traffic using the left turn lane and the right turn lane are similar. Therefore,
for warrant analysis, both streets are considered two lane approaches.
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140
The traffic signal warrant analysis shows that under existing conditions, the intersection meets two warrants:
Warrant 1 and Warrant 2. After the fire station, Police Department and Municipal Court are relocated, the
intersection still meets Warrant 1 and Warrant 2 in the year 2021. The warrant analysis recommended another
detailed traffic control signal study should be performed in 2021 to evaluate the potential need for a traffic
signal at the intersection of 65th Ave S and Southcenter Boulevard more accurately.
The detailed analysis can be found in the Traffic Warrant Analysis Memo.
4. TRAFFIC OPERATIONAL ANALYSIS
4.1 Methodology and Assumptions
Highway Capacity Software (HCS7) designed by the University of Florida Transportation Institute was used to
carry out traffic operational analysis for the three intersections. HCS7 is a traffic analysis software program that
implements the Highway Capacity Manual 6th Edition (HCM6) procedures for streets, intersections, freeways
and roundabouts. The procedures measure the traffic flow obtained from traffic counts to produce measures of
effectiveness such as delay per vehicle and intersection level of service (LOS).
Level of service (LOS), which ranges from LOS A to F, is a tool to qualitatively measure the operational conditions
of the traffic operations of the intersection. LOS A indicates the free -flow of traffic with little or no delay while
LOS F indicates extreme conditions with lengthy delays. Detailed LOS definitions is included in Appendix B.
The Volume -to -capacity (v/c) ratio indicates the amount of congestion for each lane group. Any v/c ratio greater
than or equal to 1 indicates that the approach is operating at or above capacity.
Both AM and PM peak hour traffic conditions were analyzed for the intersection. The traffic volumes that were
used in this analysis were provided by Traffic Data Gathering and Fehr & Peers. Different scenarios were
analyzed for the three intersections:
61st Ave S Intersection:
1. Existing 2019 AM and PM Peak Hour Traffic Operations
2. 2021 No -Build AM and PM Peak Hour Traffic Operations
3. 2021 Build AM and PM Peak Hour Traffic Operations
65th Ave S Intersection:
1. Existing 2019 AM and PM Peak Hour Traffic Operations
2. 2021 No -Build AM and PM Peak Hour Traffic Operations
3. 2021 Build AM and PM Peak Hour Unsignalized Traffic Operations
4. 2021 Build AM and PM Peak Hour Signalized Traffic Operations
66th Ave 5 Intersection:
1. Existing 2019 AM and PM Peak Hour Traffic Operations
2. 2021 No -Build AM and PM Peak Hour Traffic Operations
3. 2021 Build AM and PM Peak Hour Traffic Operations
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141
The No -Build scenario assumes that Fire Station 52, Police Department and Municipal Court will not be
relocated and no improvements will be made within the study area. The Build scenario assumes the project will
be built as planned and the Police Department and the Municipal Court will be relocated.
4.2 Existing 2019 Conditions
Traffic Data Gathering provided AM and PM peak hour traffic turning movement counts performed at the three
intersections. For the intersections of 6151 Ave S and 66th Ave S, morning peak hour traffic turning movement
counts were collected on April 10th and afternoon peak hour counts were collected on April 9th. The traffic
turning movement data for the 65th Ave S intersection was collected during morning and afternoon peak hours
on March 215t
The existing intersection turn movements were manually balanced between the 65th Ave S and 66th Ave S
intersections since there is no driveway in between.
To evaluate the influence of relocating the fire station on traffic volumes, the traffic turning movement counts
of the two intersections connecting City Hall to 65th Ave 5 were also provided and collected on the same day as
the 65th Ave S intersection.
The existing AM and PM peak hour traffic volumes are shown in Figure 5.
Figure 5. Existing 2019 Peak Hour Traffic Volumes
The intersection of 65th Ave S is currently a three-legged intersection and the traffic is controlled by a stop sign
on 65th Ave S. The 61th Ave S and 66th Ave S intersections are signalized intersections. The existing lane
configurations for the three intersections are shown in Figure 6.
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142
Figure 6. Existing Lane Channelization
The peak hour traffic count data provided by Traffic Data Gathering indicates that heavy vehicles comprise
about 8.0% of the AM peak hour traffic stream, and 1.8% of the PM peak hour traffic at 61' Ave S intersection.
Heavy vehicles make up 8.0% of the traffic during the AM peak hour and 3.5% during the PM peak hour traffic at
65th Ave S intersection. For the intersection of 66th Ave S and Southcenter Boulevard, 7.5% and 1.9% of traffic
was trucks during the morning and afternoon peak hours.
HCS analysis was carried out for all the three intersections. The signal phasing and timing were adjusted to
reflect the actual conditions observed in the field at the 615t Ave S and 66th Ave S intersections. At the 66th Ave S
intersection, there is only one driveway at the north leg. Engineers did not observe traffic entering and exiting
from the driveway in the field and Traffic Data Gathering only counted one vehicle using the driveway during the
AM peak hour and one vehicle in the PM peak hour. Therefore, the driveway was not included in the HCS model
to reflect actual traffic conditions. The detailed HCS results summary for this analysis can be found in Appendix
C. The results of the analysis for the three intersections during AM and PM peak hours are summarized in Table
2.
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143
Table 2. Exiting 2019 Peak Hour LOS & Delay
4
Intersection Approach Lane Control Level of V/C Control Level of V/C
Group Delay Service I Ratio Delay Service Ratio
(s/veh) (s/veh)
EB TH 14.9 B. 0.38 87.7 F 1.04
61st Ave S
(Full Signal)
65th Ave S
(North Leg
is Stop
Controlled)
66th Ave S
(Full Signal)
RT 2.9 A 0.28 10.9 B 0.75
WB LT 52.8 D 0.79 46.1 D 0.84
TH 7.9 A 0.18 21.5 C 0.48
NB LT 39.8 D 0.92 142.8 F 1.23
TH 28.3 C 0.20 15 B 0.13
E
WB
NB
TH
RT
LT
TH
LT
15.9 C 0.19 27.7
10.2 B 0.07 11.9
14.4 B 0.25 30.8
14.5 B 0.26 31.2
40.9 D 0.91
37.8
2.7 A 0.16 7.1
46.6 D 0.78 35
44.1__ D 0.69__ 38.6
D 0.37
B 0.10
C 0.54
C 0.55
D 0.92
A 0.28
C 0.62
D 0.87
As the Existing traffic analysis shown, the PM peak hour has longer average delays than the AM peak hour. The
61' Ave S intersection operates well in LOS B during the AM peak hour but operates in LOS D during the PM
peak hour. The control delay is 142.8 seconds for northbound left turn vehicles (LOS F) during the PM peak hour
and it also has the longest queue at the intersection. The 65thAve S and 66thAve S intersections operate well
during peak hours and the queues are short at these two intersections.
4.3 2021 Traffic Forecasting
Two scenarios were analyzed for the year 2021: No -Build and Build.
The No -Build scenario assumes the fire station will not be relocated into the study area and the Police
Department and the Municipal Court also stay at the site. A background traffic growth rate of 1.8% was
provided by the City of Tukwila, which is the growth rate over the past five years on Southcenter Boulevard in
the study area.
The AM and PM peak hour traffic turning volumes for the No -Build scenario are shown in Figure 7.
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144
Figure 7. 2021 No -Build Peak Hour Traffic Volumes
The Build scenario assumes that Fire Station 52 will be relocated to near City Hall and the Police Department
and the Municipal Court will be relocated away from City Hall. The driveway connecting 65th Ave S and
Southcenter Boulevard via City Hall will be cut off.
The Build scenario traffic volumes take into account trip reassignment due to the driveway connection change,
new trips generated by the fire station and reduced trips due to the relocation of the Police Department and the
Municipal Court.
After the driveway connecting 65th Ave S and City Hall is cut off, all existing trips entering and exiting City Hall
through the driveway to 65th Ave S will be reassigned throughout the roadway network. The traffic entering City
Hall from the driveway on 65th Ave S was assigned to use 62nd Ave S or the driveway on Southcenter Boulevard
between 62"d Ave S and 65th Ave S. The traffic exiting City Hall through the driveway on 65th Ave 5 was re-routed
to 62"d Ave S or the driveway on Southcenter Boulevard between 62nd Ave 5 and 65th Ave S.
In addition, the new Fire Station 52 will have meeting rooms built in and generate more traffic to the roadway
network in the study area. This study refers to the Trip Generation Manual from the Institute of Transportation
Engineers to estimate the generated traffic. Since there is no specific land use type for fire stations and normally
fire fighter shift switches are outside peak hours, the study assumes the fire station itself won't generate any
traffic during the peak hours. However, since this fire station has meeting rooms inside, newly generated traffic
was estimated based on government office buildings, land use category 730 Government Office Building per the
Trip Generation Manual. The gross floor area of the new fire station is 5,625 SF including offices, entry vestibule,
corridors, meeting spaces, and bathrooms.
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145
Based on the gross floor area of the new fire station, the model calculated the number of trips generated by the
fire station is 14 vehicles entering and 5 vehicles exiting during morning peak hour on a weekday, and 3 vehicles
entering and 7 vehicles exiting during afternoon peak hour on a weekday.
In addition, Fehr & Peers provided the traffic volumes and distributions of inbound and outbound traffic to and
from the Justice Center. After the relocation of the Police Department and the Municipal Court, the trips would
be reduced from existing traffic volumes.
The AM and PM peak hour traffic turning volumes of the Build scenario are shown in Figure 8.
AM Traffic Volume ( PM Traffic Volume)
Figure 8. 2021 Build Peak Hour Traffic Volumes
4.4 2021 Traffic Operations
No -Build Scenario
The peak hour factors and heavy vehicle percentages for the 2021 AM and PM peak hours were assumed to be
the same as existing. Also, engineers collected cycle length in the field, which is 100 seconds with actuated
signal control at the 615t Ave 5 intersection and the 66th Ave S intersection. The cycle length is assumed to stay
the same as existing since no significant traffic growth is forecasted.
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146
61st Ave S
(Full Signal)
65th Ave S
(North Leg is WB
Stop SB
The analysis used the Highway Capacity Manual method and was carried out using Highway Capacity Software
(HCS7) designed by the University of Florida Transportation Institute. The 2021 No -Build HCS models were based
on 2019 existing models and the geometric data was not modified. The detailed HCS results summary for this
analysis can be found in Appendix C. The 2021 No -Build results of the analysis are summarized in Table 3.
Intersection Approach
EB_.
WB
NB
Controlled)
EB
66th Ave S WB
(Full Signal)
NB
Table 3. 2021 No -Build Peak Hour LOS & Delay
Lane Control Level of V/C Control Level of V/C Ratio
Group Delay Service Ratio Delay Service
(s/veh) (s/veh)
TH 15.8 B 0.40 106.2
RT 3.0 A 0.29 12.1 B
LT 52.4 D 0.78__ 45.9 D
TH 8.3 A 0.19 21.8 C
LT 39.4 D 0.93 162.0 F
TH 27.7 C 0.21 15.0 B
LT 16.6 C 0.21 30.7
RT 10.3 B 0.07 12
TH 15.3
RT 15.5 B 0.27 34.2
LT 40.5 D 0.91 38.0
TH 2.8 A 0.16 7.6
LT 46.4 D 0.79 34.5
RT 43.7
0.69 38.1
1.09
0.78
0.85
0.49
1.28
D 0.41
B 0.11
c
C
C
D
A
C
D
0.60
0.93
0.29
0.63
0.87
As shown in Table 3 above, the 615t Ave S and the 65th Ave S intersections operate in LOS B and the 66th Ave S
intersection also operates well in LOS C during AM peak hours in the 2021 No -Build Scenario. However, 615t Ave
S operates in LOS E during the PM peak hour with 61.1 seconds average control delay. The eastbound through
traffic and northbound left turn traffic will suffer long delays and long queues. The 65th Ave S intersection and
66th Ave S intersection still operate smoothly during the PM peak hour.
Build Scenario
Page 117
147
The 2021 HCS models for the Build scenario were based on the 2021 No -Build models. The channelization data,
signal data, and factors were not modified. The detailed HCS results summary for the analysis can be found in
Appendix C. The 2021 Build results are summarized in Table 4.
Intersection Approach
EB___.
61st Ave S
(Full Signal)
65th Ave 5
(North Leg is WB TH & RT
Stop SB LT 16.1
Controlled) RT 10.2
WB
NB
Table 4. 2021 Build Peak Hour LOS &I Delay
Lane Control Level V/C Control Level V/C Ratio
Group Delay of Ratio Delay of
(s/veh) Service (s/veh) Service
TH 15.4 B 0.37 112.4 F 1.11
RT 3.0 A 0.29 11.9 B 0.78
LT
52.5 D 0.78 45.9 D 0.84
TH 8.3 A 0.19 22.2 C 0.48
LT 39.4 D 0.93 150.0 F 1.25
TH 27.7 C 0.20 14.5 B 0
EB TH 14.9
RT 15.0
66th Ave S WB LT 40.5
(Full Signal) TH 2.7_.
NB LT 46.7
RT 44.5
0.20 25.9 D 0.29
B 0.07 12.1
B 0.26 32.0 C 0.53
B 0.27
_ 32.4 C 0.54
D 0.91 38.0 D 0.93
A 0.15 7.5 A 0.29
D 0.78 34.4 C 0.62
D 0.72 38.1 D 0.87
After comparing the No -build and Build scenarios, we found that the relocation of Fire Station 52, the Police
Department and the Municipal Court does not have much influence on the traffic conditions in the study area.
The Level of Service at the three intersections stays the same under Build and No -build scenarios.
After the fire station is relocated to near City Hall and the Police Department and the Municipal Court are
relocated away from City Hall, the delay at the 61s1 Ave S intersection improves slightly during AM and PM peak
hours and so does the control delay at the 66th Ave S intersection during the PM peak hour. The southbound
traffic on 65" Ave S could be improved significantly during PM peak hour, but the eastbound traffic delays
change little.
A signalized scenario was analyzed for the 65" Ave S intersection and the comparison with the unsignalized
scenario is shown in Table 5. The signal cycle length at the 65" Ave S intersection was set as 100 seconds to
coordinate with the 66" Ave S and 61st Ave S intersections. The Level of Service is significantly improved during
the PM peak hour from LOS C to LOS A and the intersection delay decreases from 19.2 to 7.3 seconds per
vehicle. Therefore, the installation of a signal could help improve traffic conditions at the 65' Ave S intersection
especially during the PM peak hour in the year 2021.
Page 118
148
Intersection
65th Ave S
(Unsignalized
65th Ave 5
(Signalized)
Table 5. 65th Ave Intersection Different Scenarios Comparison
Approach Lane Control Level of V/C
Group Delay Service Ratio
(s/veh)
EB LT & TH 8.7 A 0.05
5. CONCLUSIONS
WB TH&RT
SB LT 16.1 C 0.20
RT 10.2 B 0.07
EB LT 50.5 D 0.67
TH 1.7 A 0.13
WB TH__ 4.3 A 0.19
RT 4.3 A 0.19
SB LT 48.4 D 0.69
RT 46.1 D 0.48
Control Level of V/C
Delay Service Ratio
(s/veh)
10.3
B 0.06
25.9
12.1
2.6
1.6
4.6
4.6
48.9
48.9
D 0.29
B 0.12
A 0.08
A 0.18
A 0.31
A 0.31
D 0.67
D 0.67
The three intersections in the study are currently operate in a fair condition. Based on the results of the traffic
analysis, relocating the fire station, Police Department and Municipal Court will decrease the overall traffic
volumes, and slightly improve the traffic operations at the three intersections.
The analysis found that a traffic control signal at the intersection of 65th Ave S and Southcenter Boulevard could
help improve the overall traffic operations. Compared to the existing traffic control, a traffic signal will have the
same Level of Service B during the AM peak hour but with less average control delay; during the PM peak hour,
the traffic signal would improve the LOS from C to A.
Page 119
149
150
GREENBUSCH
DATE: March19, 2019
TO: Emma Nowinski, AIA LEED AP - Weinstein A+U
FROM: Dean Gainer, Justin Morgan, INCE — The Greenbusch Group, Inc.
RE: New Tukwila Fire Station Building — Fire Station 52
Transmitted by: ❑ Mail ❑ Delivery ❑ Fax E-mail
INTRODUCTION
The intent of this Noise Study is to evaluate sound levels associated with the proposed Fire
Station 52 located in Tukwila, Washington. This Noise Study includes predicted sound levels
at neighboring property lines and an assessment of compliance with City of Tukwila noise
regulations.
SUMMARY
Based on the analysis outlined in this report, no additional mitigation is required to comply
with sound level limits specified in the City of Tukwila Municipal Code.
NOMENCLATURE
Decibel
The auditory response to sound is a complex process that occurs over a wide range of
frequencies and intensities. Decibel levels, or "dB," are a form of shorthand that compresses
this broad range of intensities with a convenient numerical scale. The decibel scale is
logarithmic. For example, using the decibel scale, a doubling or halving of energy causes the
sound level to change by 3 dB; it does not double or halve the sound loudness as might be
expected.
The minimum sound level variation perceptible to a human observer is generally around 3-
dB. A 5-dB change is clearly perceptible, and an 8 to 10 dB change is associated with a
perceived doubling or halving of loudness. The human ear has a unique response to sound
pressure. It is less sensitive to those sounds falling outside the speech frequency range.
Sound level meters and monitors utilize a filtering system to approximate human perception
of sound. Measurements made utilizing this filtering system are referred to as "A weighted"
and are called "dBA".
Common sound pressure levels are reported below in Table 1.
p) 206,378.Q569 f) 206.3T ..Q641 vufi n$. r:rtr f ra crr.com
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151
March 19, 2019
Page 2
New Tukwila Fire Station 52
Table 1. A -weighted Levels of Common Sounds
Sound
Sound Level
(dBA)
Approximate Relative
Loudness'
Jet Plane @ 100 feet
130
128
Rock Music with Amplifier
120
64
Thunder, Danger of Permanent
Hearing Loss
110
32
Boiler Shop, Power Mower
100
16
Orchestral Crescendo at 25 feet
90
8
Busy Street
80
4
Interior of Department Store
70
2
Ordinary Conversation @ 3 feet
60
1
Quiet Car at Low Speed
50
1/2
Average Office
40
1/4
City Residence, Interior
30
1/8
Quiet Country Residence, Interior
20
1/16
Rustle of Leaves
10
1/32
Threshold of Hearing
0
1/64
1. As compared to ordinary conversation at 3 feet.
Source: US Department of Housing and Urban Development, Aircraft Noise Impact Planning Guidelines for Local Agencies,
November 1972.
Metrics
• Equivalent Sound Level, Leq
Leq is the A -weighted level of a constant sound having the same energy content as the
actual time -varying level during a specified interval. The Leq is used to characterize
complex, fluctuating sound levels with a single number. Typical intervals for Leq are hourly,
daily and annually.
• Sound Pressure Level, SPL
Sound pressure level correlates with what is heard by the human ear. SPL is defined as
the squared ratio of the sound pressure with reference to 20 pPa. Sound pressure is
affected by distance, path, barriers, directivity, etc.
• Sound Power Level, LWA
Sound power is the amount of energy per second generated by a source, measured in
watts. The sound power level (LWA) is a decibel representation with a reference value of 1
pico-watt (pW). Sound power is independent of distance, path, or influence from any
nearby surfaces.
15
The Greenbusch Group, Inc.
) 206.378.6899 1) 206.378 f3641 www.grr enlbus;chr.ccrn
9C tJ West Niccck' orr Street, `.urte )21 Seattle, INA 98119
March 19, 2019
Page 3
New Tukwila Fire Station 52
ZONING AND REGULATORY CRITERIA
City of Tukwila
Sound levels within the City of Tukwila are identified in Tukwila Municipal Code (TMC) Chapter
8.22. TMC Chapter 8.22.050 defines allowable exterior sound level limits based on the
districts of the sound source and receiving property. Districts within the City of Tukwila are
defined by zoning in TMC Chapter 8.22.020 as follows:
• Residential District:
Low Density Residential (LDR)
Medium Density Residential (MDR)
High Density Residential (HDR)
• Commercial District:
Mixed Use Office (MUO)
Office (0)
Residential Commercial Center (RCC)
Neighborhood Commercial Center (NCC)
Regional Commercial (RC)
Regional Commercial Mixed Use (RCM)
Tukwila Urban Center (TUC)
Commercial Light Industrial (C/LI)
Tukwila Valley South (TVS)
• Industrial District:
Light Industrial (LI)
Heavy Industrial (HI)
Manufacturing Industrial Center/Light Industrial (MIC/L)
Manufacturing Industrial/Heavy Industrial (MIC/H)
Maximum permissible sound levels specified in TMC Chapter 8.22.050.1 are provided in the
Table below.
Table 2. Maxi
um Permissible Sound Levels, dBA
District of Noise
Source
District of Receiving Property
Residential
(day/night)
Corti ercia
Industrial
Residential
55/45
57
60
Commercial
57/47
60
65
Industrial
60/50
65
70
Source: TMC Chapter 8.22.050.1
Nighttime hours are defined in TMC Chapter 8.22.020 and include the hours between 10:00
PM and 7:00 AM on weekdays and 10:00 PM and 8:00 AM on weekends and State -
recognized holidays.
Modifications to the exterior sound level limits set forth in Table 2 are provided in TMC Chapter
8.22.050.2 and are as follows:
• Sound levels shown in Table 2 may be exceeded for short durations for any receiving
property at any time as follows:
o Increase by 5 dBA for fifteen minutes in any one -hour period;
o Increase by 10 dBA for five minutes in any one -hour period; or
The Greenbusch Group, Inc,
p) 206.378.0569 f) " 06.378 0641 www.greoribuse;Fh.corn
1000 We"F;at NiCkerson Street, `.uwte 201 Seattle, WAt 98113
153
March 19.2019
Page 4
New Tukwila Fire Station 52
o Increase bx15dBAfor one and @ half minutes iDany one -hour period
Zoning
The Site and properties located southwest, south and southeast are zoned Office (0).the
property west is zoned High C)gnaih/ Residential (H0R) and properties north and east are
zoned Low Density Residential (LDR). The area described as Public Recreation is assumed
tnbozoned LOF|.
Figure 1. Zoning
�
u011�11161
hd
Maximum permissible sound levels from the Site are presented iOthe Table below.
Table 3. Maximum Permissible Sound Levels, dBA
Property Line
Daytime, Hourly L..
Nighttime, ^'o~''^
Leq
North
57
47
Northwest
57
47
Northeast
57
47
East
57
47
South
SO
00
Southeast
57
47
Southwest
57
47
West
57
47
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New Tukwila Fire Station 52
ACOUSTICAL MODEL
The primary tool used to predict sound levels at neighboring property lines was a 3-D
computer noise modeling software environment, Cadna/A. Cadna/A utilizes the CADNA
(Control of Accuracy and Debugging for Numerical Applications) computation engine
developed by the Pierre et Marie Curie University of Paris. The model used for this project
utilized the International Organization for Standardization 9613 Part II algorithms,
implemented in the Cadna/A software, which accounted for the effects of distance,
topography, and surface reflections on sound levels.
The locations of the equipment cabinets and on -site building elevation information were
determined from drawings provided by Weinstein A+U. Topography and property lines used
in the model were determined from King County Geographical Information System (GIS) data.
Zoning information was obtained from zoning maps available on the City of Tukwila website.
Table 4. Rooftoa Mechanical Equipment Sound Power Levels
Hz
Hz
0
kHz
2
kHz
MHz 'kHz
.
EF-4
65
72
57
43
35
39
34
27
EF-5
65
72
57
43
35
39
34
27
EF-6
61
77
59
48
38
39
34
33
EF-7
60
58
53
49
47
32
29
28
EF-8
82
87
90
75
78
76
72
67
EF-9
67
71
75
77
70
62
57
52
ODU-1
56.5
46
50
44
42.5
37.5
37
27.5
ODU-2
60
60
51
44
41
39
32
32
ODU-3
56.5
46
50
44
42.5
37.5
37
27.5
VEF
66
72
70
63
57
55
50
48
RHRV - With acoustical blanket
82
82
78
73
72
67
59
51
RESULTS
The following Table provides predicted sound levels at adjacent receiving property lines.
These predicted sound levels do not include contributions from the existing or future ambient
noise environment.
The Greenbusch Group, Inc.
p) 206.378.05.69 fJ 206.378 0641 www.grr enbuschr.ccrn
1900 West Nickerson Street, ` tAte 201 Seattle, WA 98119
155
March 19.2019
Page 6
New Tukwila Fire Station 52
Table 5'Predicted Sound Levels atNeighboring ProoerUee(houdxU.\.dBA
��nmpe��
~
S&NC Sound
����| ��nmi�
(day/night)
Predicted Sound
Levels
CommU�s with
�
TMC
North
57/47
45
YES
Northwest
57/47
41
Northeast
57/47
38
East
57/47
37
South
00/80
41
Southeast
57/47
39
Southwest
57/47
37
West
60/00
37
As ahuvvn in Table 5, predicted sound levels produced by the proposed rooftop rngohuniuu|
equipment COrnp|i8S with l-K8C daytime and nighttime sound |9v8| limits. Figure 2 provides
predicted sound level contours calculated five feet above grade.
Figure 2.Predicted Sound Level Contours, dBA
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March 19.2019
Page 7
New Tukwila Fire Station 52
CONCLUSION
Based on the information from the mechanical designer and information provided to our office
by Weinstein A+U. Sound generated by rooftop mechanical equipment is predicted to be
within the maximum sound levels set forth inthe City OfTukwila Municipal Code 8tall receiving
property lines. Noadditional noise mitigation isrequired.
Respectfully submitted; Reviewed by:
Dean Gainer
Acoustician
Justin Morgan, |NCE
Acoustician
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157