HomeMy WebLinkAboutPCD 2023-11-06 Item 1B - Ordinance - Rental Housing Tenant ProtectionsTO:
City of Tukwila
Allan Ekberg, Mayor
INFORMATIONAL MEMORANDUM
Planning and Community Development Committee
FROM: Laurel Humphrey, Legislative Analyst
Kari L. Sand, City Attorney
Nora Gierloff, AICP, Director DCD
DATE: July 27, 2023 (UPDATED 10/30/23 - See Page 5)
SUBJECT: Renter Protection Policy Proposals
ISSUE
The Transit Riders Union (TRU) approached the City Council about adding additional
regulations/protections for tenants in Tukwila.
BACKGROUND
The Planning and Community Development Committee discussed the proposals at its May 1,
2023 meeting and requested that the City Attorney prepare a preliminary opinion on legal
risk prior to any legislation being drafted. This memo provides that analysis as well as
comments from the DCD Director on the proposed changes to the Residential Rental Business
License & Inspection Program and suggestions for gathering community feedback.
City Attorney Analysis
Attached as Exhibit 1 is a "Renter Protections Comparison Chart" provided by the Transit Riders
Union ("TRU"), which shows other jurisdictions that have adopted renter protections greater
than Washington state law. Attached as Exhibit 2 is the "TRU Renter Protections Policy
Proposal," which has been color coded based on legal risk using a traffic light metaphor, as
explained further below, with some additional comments from the Tukwila City Attorney's
Office. The color -coded categories are explained as follows.
GREEN: Policies that carry a low legal risk and have been enacted by cities of similar size
to Tukwila
• The "GREEN" proposed policies include:
e--Requiring additional noticc of rent increases regarding 120 days' noticc if the
incr asc is gr atcr than 3% and 180 days' noticc if the incrc-asc is gr atcr than
S
o Capping move -in costs as proposed by TRU;
o Enacting just cause protections;
o Establishing a proactive education and outreach program to inform tenants of
their rights;
o Posting requirements in a public area (if possible) and documentation provided
at time of lease signing and annually thereafter; and
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INFORMATIONAL MEMO
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o Prohibiting rent increases for units not passing inspection due to unsafe or poor
conditions.
• Alternatives to some of the proposed policies that would be "green" may include:
o Capping late fees at 1.5%-2% of monthly rent
• The "green" policies present relatively low risk if approved by the Tukwila City Council
and have been enacted by similar cities, including SeaTac. These policies present low
legal risk because they have been: (1) unchallenged thus far and (2) do not conflict with
state law. This is particularly true regarding just cause protections. The state enacted a
just case law in 2021, requiring landlords to specify a reason for refusing to continue a
residential tenancy, subject to certain limitations, and allowing cities to impose more
expansive just cause provisions, provided they do not prohibit landlords from initiating
proper unlawful detainer actions unless specific just cause requirements are met. RCW
59.18.650; see Rental Housing Ass'n of Wash. v. City of Burien, 2022 WL 3715061 (Wash.
Ct. App. Aug. 29, 2022). The so-called "lease loophole," as described by TRU, allows
landlords to evict people on yearlong leases without reason by not renewing their lease.
See RCW 59.18.650(1)(b)-(c). SeaTac enacted a just cause ordinance that is stronger
than the State's; however, it retained the lease loophole, though other jurisdictions
(e.g., Seattle, Auburn, Federal Way, Kenmore, and unincorporated King County) have
removed the loophole. See STMC 4.05.090. Additionally, the policies regarding
establishing a proactive education and outreach program in addition to posting
requirements and providing documentation are similar to "Tenant Information
Packets" provided in cities such as Auburn, Burien, and SeaTac. These cities all require
that those packets be publicly available and provided to tenants by landlords (note:
Tukwila is currently working on a Language Access Plan to provide more city documents
in the community's top languages, and tenant information will be included). Thus,
those specific requirements are likely to have a low legal risk and have been
implemented in similar cities to Tukwila.
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YELLOW: Policies that carry a medium level of legal risk and have not been enacted by
similar cities
• The "YELLOr." proposed policies include:
o Allowing tenants to end a lease early for rent increases over 5%;
o Capping late fees at $10;
o Banning most winter evictions;
o Broadly strengthening Tukwila's rental property inspection program;
o Regulating additional fees and costs added to rent;
o Removing social security number ("SSN") requirements;
o Allowing renters on fixed income to change the rent due date; and
o Banning deceptive and abusive practices.
• The "yellow" policies present a relatively medium level of legal risk and largely have not
been enacted by cities similar to Tukwila. These policies present a medium level of legal
risk because they are: (1) arguably in conflict with state law, (2) have not been used in
cities with limited staff resources, such as Tukwila, and (3) may place an increased
burden on the City. Neither the right for tenants to leave a lease early for rent increases
over 5%, nor regulation of additional fees and costs added to rent (except for delivery
fees in Seattle) have been enacted by anycity highlighted by TRU. Thus, these proposed
policies are largely untested, may be challenged, and may not survive legal scrutiny by
a court. Additionally, while the removal of SSN requirements and allowing renters on
fixed income to change their rent due date have both been enacted by SeaTac, the
proposed policies may conflict with state and/or federal law, and though they have
been unchallenged thus far, would carry legal risk as a result. Finally, banning deceptive
and unfair practices would require a significant number of resources and would be
difficult to enforce based on Tukwila's relatively limited staffing resources, thereby
carrying legal risk; additionally, neither similar cities nor Seattle have enacted this
policy. The same is true for broadly strengthening Tukwila's rental property inspection
program. While some specific provisions carry low legal risk, others are untested and
may expose the City to difficulty with enforcement and potential legal challenges.
RED: Policies that carry a high legal risk, regardless of enactment by other WA
jurisdictions
• The "RED" proposed policies include:
o Requiring relocation assistance for rent increases beyond what is required by
the State;
o Banning most evictions of families and educators during the school year;
o Enacting a Fair Chance Housing law; and
o Enacting a first -in -time ("FIT") rental application law.
• The "red" proposed policies present a relatively high level of legal risk. These policies
present a high level of legal risk because they are: (1) clearly in conflict with existing law,
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(2) controversial, and (3) place a very high burden on landlords. Additionally, all these
policies have only been enacted by Seattle, and many have already been subject to legal
challenges. Relocation assistance for rent increases as proposed by TRU seems to go far
beyond the limitations outlined in State law (note: Tukwila currently requires relocation
assistance under chapter 8.46 TMC when a rental unit fails inspection to such a degree
that the conditions endanger life safety, and failure to obtain a Certificate of
Compliance will result in the non -issuance or revocation of the rental business license
for that unit. See TMC 5.06.120.). See RCW 59.18.440. It would additionally impose a
significant burden on landlords. For example, while state law only requires relocation
assistance for low-income tenants under specific circumstances and limits assistance
to $2,000 or less with the owner only responsible for one-half of the assistance, TRU's
proposal would require assistance equal to three months' rent for tenants in all income
brackets in some cases and would create a private right of action. This goes far beyond
most protections for tenants and would perhaps unfairly burden landlords. While the
bans on certain types of evictions have been upheld in some courts, they are still
controversial and would likely expose the City up to legal challenge if implemented. The
same is true for the proposed first -in -time rental application law. Finally, the fair chance
housing law is currently in conflict with existing law, as the Ninth Circuit recently held
that Seattle's fair chance housing law was impermissible and that cities may not
prohibit landlords from inquiring about the criminal history of current or potential
tenants. Yim v. City of Seattle, 63 F.4th 783 (9th Cir. 2023). Thus, an enactment of the same
policy would be illegal based on the holding in the Yim case.
Rental Housing Program
Some of the TRU proposals are already part of Tukwila's practices. For example, we advertise
the availability of "courtesy inspections" for tenants concerned about their living conditions
on the rental licensing webpage and in the Hazelnut newsletter, as shown below. However,
some tenants are reluctant to ask for inspections due to fear of retaliation, so code language
to protect them could be considered.
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Renting in Tukwila
All rental units in Tukwila are required to be
licensed and inspected. To check the status of
your rental unit or unit that you are interested
in renting; or to request a courtesy rental
inspection, please contact the Rental Housing
Program at RentalHousing@TukwilaWA.gov or
206.431.3674.
it
Ngrldi thee nhn d Tukwila
Tat ca cac don vi cho [hued Tukwila deu phai
duos cap phep va kiem tra. De kiem tra tinh
[rang cua clan vi cho [hue hoac clan vi ma ban
muon thue; hoac de yeu cau kiem tra nha cho
[hue Iich su, vui ling Uhl* vdi Chuang trinh Nha
rho thue tai RentalHousing@TukwilaWA.gov
hoar 206.431.3674.
Kiraystayaasha Tukwila
Dhammaan guryaha kirada ah eeTukwila waxa
looga baahan yahay inayhaystaan shati iyo
kormeer. Si aad u hubisoxaalada gurigaaga
ijaarka ama guriga aad xiisaynayso inaad
kiraysato; ama si aad u codsato kormeer kirooo
xushmad leh, kola xidhiidh Barnaamijka Guryaha
kirada ee RentalHousing@TukwilaWA.gov ama
206431-3674.
Alquiler en Tukwila
Todas las unidades de alquiler en Tukwila deben
tener licencia e inspeccion. Para consultar
el estado de su unidad de alquiler o unidad
que le interesa alquilar; a pars solicitor una
i n speccio n de alq u i ler de cortesi a, co m un iqu ese
con el Programa de viviendas de alquileren
RentalHousing@TukwilaWA.gov o 206-431.3674.
As a pilot project this year we are offering city inspection of up to 12-unit buildings to assess
the impact on staff workload. Legally we must allow any property owner to select a qualified
inspector of their choice. We have encountered only a few low -quality outside inspectors over
the years, but as TRU suggests, we could consider a more systematic audit of these third -
party inspectors rather than the complaint or issue driven process we have now. The annual
license renewal process would be an effective way to communicate any changes to rental
regulations adopted by Council to Tukwila's rental property owners.
Public Outreach
Staff suggests conducting outreach to seek feedback on the proposals that the Committee
would like to consider. Following are suggested methods:
• Councilmember discussions with constituents
• Online survey
• Article in Hazelnut or E-Hazelnut, depending on timing
• Email to all current Board & Commission members
• Notice to landlords enrolled in Residential Rental Business License and Inspection
Program and rental housing associations
• Notice to Community Based Organizations
• Information page on City website
RECOMMENDATION
Staff is seeking Committee direction on next steps, which could include public outreach and
developing legislation. It would be helpful to know which specific policy proposals the
Committee is interested in pursuing.
October 30, 2023 Update
On August 7, 2023 the Planning and Community Development Committee discussed the
proposal and directed staff to prepare a draft ordinance with certain low -risk tenant
protections. Since this issue was last discussed in Committee, the City Attorney has revised
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INFORMATIONAL MEMO
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her recommendation based upon a pending legal challenge against the City of Kenmore for
some of its recently adopted tenant protection language. A draft ordinance has been
prepared that no longer includes protections associated with Rent Increase Notices or Just
Cause Eviction.
Staff is seeking a Committee recommendation on the draft ordinance and next steps on
public outreach.
ATTACHMENTS
Exhibit 1: TRU Renter Protections Comparison Chart
Exhibit 2: TRU Renter Protections Policy Proposal with color -coding.
Exhibit 3: Draft Ordinance
174
AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF
TUKWILA, WASHINGTON, REPEALING ORDINANCE NO.
2526, AS CODIFIED AT TUKWILA MUNICIPAL CODE
(TMC) CHAPTER 8.47; REENACTING TMC CHAPTER
8.47, "RENTAL HOUSING TENANT PROTECTIONS;"
PROVIDING FOR SEVERABILITY; AND ESTABLISHING
AN EFFECTIVE DATE.
WHEREAS, over the past several years, average rents in South King County have
increased, and vacancies for affordable rental housing are at low levels, making it difficult
for tenants, especially those with low incomes, to locate affordable rental housing; and
WHEREAS, the King County Regional Affordable Housing Task Force issued its Final
Report and Recommendations for King County, WA, December 2018 (rev. October 2019)
(hereafter referred to as "Regional Affordable Housing Task Force Final Report"), which
identifies that renting rather than owning a home increases the chances of being severely
cost burdened, and recognizes an existing affordable housing crisis in King County; and
WHEREAS, the Regional Affordable Housing Task Force Final Report includes a
regional plan with goals, strategies and a Five -Year Action Plan to address the affordable
housing crisis, and Goal 4 of the action plan is to "[p]reserve access to affordable homes for
renters by supporting tenant protections to increase housing stability and reduce risk of
homelessness"; and
WHEREAS, the King County Countywide Planning Policies, developed pursuant to the
Washington State Growth Management Act, suggest that local jurisdictions "[a]dopt and
implement policies that protect housing stability for renter households; expand protections
and supports for moderate-, low-, very low-, and extremely low-income renters and renters
with disabilities"; and
WHEREAS, the Tukwila community includes a relatively high percentage of renters
compared to the Washington State average, with the most recent census data indicating
that just 42.7% of housing units are owner -occupied, which is significantly lower than the
statewide average of 63.6%; and
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WHEREAS, enhanced tenant protections, in addition to those in the Residential
Landlord -Tenant Act (chapter 59.18 RCW), are in the best interests of the residents of
Tukwila and will promote the public health, safety, and welfare of the City; and
WHEREAS, the City Council is committed to maintaining vibrant and diverse
neighborhoods while balancing the needs of landlords and tenants; and
WHEREAS, to ensure adequate time to educate landlords about the requirements and
responsibilities imposed on them as a result of this ordinance, and to give landlords time to
update their administrative processes to achieve compliance with this ordinance, the
effective date of this ordinance shall be delayed to January 1, 2024.
NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF TUKWILA,
WASHINGTON, HEREBY ORDAINS AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1. Repealer. Ordinance No. 2526 is hereby repealed in its entirety, thereby
eliminating Tukwila Municipal Code (TMC) Chapter 8.47, "Fair Housing Regulations."
Section 2. TMC Chapter 8.47 Reenacted. TMC Chapter 8.47 is hereby reenacted to
read as follows:
CHAPTER 8.47
RENTAL HOUSING TENANT PROTECTIONS
Sections:
8.47.010 Definitions
8.47.020 Applicability
8.47.030 Distribution of information required
8.47.040 Deposit requirements and installment payments permitted
8.47.050 Late fees
8.47.060 Due date adjustments
8.47.070 Social security numbers not required
8.47.080 Violations and penalties
Section 3. Regulations Established. TMC Section 8.47.010 is hereby established to
read as follows:
8.47.010 Definitions
The definitions of this section apply through this chapter unless the context clearly
requires otherwise. The definitions of RCW 59.18.030 under the Residential Landlord -
Tenant Act (RLTA), as now in effect or as may be subsequently amended, also apply to this
chapter unless otherwise defined in this section.
"Dwelling" or "dwelling unit" has the same meaning as RCW 59.18.030(10), as now in
effect or as may be subsequently amended, and means a structure or that part of a structure
which is used as a home, residence, or sleeping place by one person or by two or more
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persons maintaining a common household, including but not limited to single-family
residences and units of multiplexes, apartment buildings, and mobile homes.
"Landlord" has the same meaning as RCW 59.18.030(16), as now in effect or as may
be subsequently amended, excluding the living arrangements identified in RCW 59.18.040,
and means the owner, lessor, or sublessor of the dwelling unit or the property of which it is
a part, and further means any person designated as representative of the owner, lessor, or
sublessor, including, but not limited to, an agent, a resident manager, or a designated
property manager.
"Rent" has the same meaning as RCW 59.18.030(29), as now in effect or as may be
subsequently amended, and means recurring and periodic charges identified in the rental
agreement for the use and occupancy of the premises, which may include charges for
utilities. Except as provided in RCW 59.18.283(3), rent does not include nonrecurring
charges for costs incurred due to late payment, damages, deposits, legal costs, or other
fees, including attorne ry ' fees.
"Rental Agreement" or "lease" has the same meaning as RCW 59.18.030(30), as now
in effect or as may be subsequently amended, and means all agreements which establish
or modify the terms, conditions, rules, regulations, or any other provisions concerning the
use and occupancy of a dwelling unit.
"Security Deposit" means a refundable payment or deposit of money, however
designated, owed by the tenant to the landlord at the commencement of a rental agreement
to secure performance of a rental agreement or any part of a rental agreement.
"Subsidized Housing" has the same meaning as RCW 59.18.030(33), as now in effect
or as may be subsequently amended, and refers to rental housing for very low-income or
low-income households that is a dwelling unit operated directly by a public housing authority
or its affiliate, or that is insured, financed, or assisted in whole or in part through one of the
following sources: (a) a federal program or state housing program administered by the
Department of Commerce or the Washington State Housing_Finance Commission; (b) a
federal housing program administered by a city or county government; (c) an affordable
housing levy authorized under RCW 84.52.105; or (d) the surcharges authorized in RCW
36.22.250 and any of the surcharges authorized in chapter 43.185C RCW.
"Tenant" has the same meaning as RCW 59.18.030(34), as now in effect or as may be
subsequently amended, and excluding the living arrangements identified in RCW 59.18.040,
and RCW 59.20.030(24), as now in effect or as may be subsequently amended, and means
any person who is entitled to occupy a dwelling unit primarily for living or dwelling purposes
under a rental agreement, and RCW 59.20.030 defines "tenant" as any person, except a
transient, who rents a mobile home lot.
Section 4. Regulations Established. TMC Section 8.47.020 is hereby established to
read as follows:
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8.47.020 Applicability
The provisions of this chapter apply to tenancies governed by Chapter 59.18 RCW
(Residential Landlord Tenant Act) and Chapter 59.20 RCW (Manufactured/Mobile Home
Landlord -Tenant Act) and are in addition to the provisions provided in said chapters of the
RCW. The provisions of this chapter shall not apply to rental agreements between an owner
and tenant where the owner shares the dwelling unit as a primary residence with the tenant.
Section 5. Regulations Established. TMC Section 8.47.030 is hereby established to
read as follows:
8.47.030 Distribution of information required.
A. The City shall prepare, and update as necessary, summaries of this chapter, the
Nuisance Code (TMC Section 8.28.020), the Washington State Residential Landlord Tenant
Act (Chapter 59.18 RCW), Forcible Entry and Unlawful Detainer (Chapter 59.12 RCW), and
Fair Housing laws, describing the respective rights, obligations, and remedies of landlords
and tenants, including information about legal resources available to tenants.
B. A landlord shall provide a copy of the summaries prepared by the City as described
in subsection A of this section to any tenant or prospective tenant when a rental agreement
is offered, whether the agreement is for a new or renewal agreement.
C. Where there is an oral rental agreement, the landlord shall give the tenant copies
of the summaries as described in subsection A of this section, either before entering into the
oral rental agreement or as soon as reasonably possible after entering into the oral rental
agreement.
D. For existing tenants, landlords shall, within thirty (30) days after the summaries are
made available by the City, distribute copies of the summaries to existing tenants.
E. The initial distribution of information to tenants must be in written form and landlords
shall obtain the tenant's signature documenting tenant's receipt of such information. If a
tenant refuses to provide a signature documenting the tenant's receipt of the information,
the landlord may draft a declaration stating when and where the landlord provided tenant
with the required information. After the initial distribution of the summaries to tenants, a
landlord shall provide existing tenants with the most current summaries prepared by the
City, which summaries may be distributed in electronic form, unless a tenant specifically
requests written summaries in hard copy form.
F. The packet prepared by the City includes informational documents only, and
nothing in the summaries therein shall be construed as binding on or affecting any judicial
determination of the rights and responsibilities of landlords and tenants, nor is the City liable
for any misstatement or misinterpretation of the applicable laws.
Section 6. Regulations Established. TMC Section 8.47.040 is hereby established to
read as follows:
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8.47.040 Deposit requirements and installment payments permitted.
A. The sum of any security deposits and nonrefundable move -in fees charged by a
landlord before a tenant takes possession of a dwelling unit shall not exceed an amount
equal to one month's rent, except in subsidized housing where the amount of rent is set
based on the income of the tenant. The exception for subsidized housing shall not include
tenancies regulated under Section 8 of the Housing Act of 1937, 42 U.S.C. Section 1437f,
commonly known as the "choice voucher program."
B. Tenants entering rental agreements with terms lasting six or more months may
choose to pay their move -in fees and security deposits in six equal monthly installments
over the first six months occupying the dwelling unit.
C. Tenants entering rental agreements with terms lasting fewer than six months or
month -to -month rental agreements may choose to pay move -in fees and security deposits
in two equal monthly installments over the first two months occupying the dwelling unit.
D. Landlords may not impose any fee, charge any interest, or otherwise impose a cost
on a tenant because a tenant elects to pay in installments.
E. Installment payments are due at the same time rent is due.
F. All installment schedules must be in writing, signed by both parties.
G. Paying in installments does not apply to a landlord obtaining a tenant screening
report, which report cost paid by the tenant shall be limited to the standard and actual cost
of the tenant screening report.
H. No security deposit may be collected by a landlord unless the rental agreement is
in writing and a written checklist or statement specifically describing the condition and
cleanliness of, or existing damages to, the premises and furnishings, including, but not
limited to, walls, floors, countertops, carpets, drapes, furniture, and appliances, is provided
by the landlord to the tenant at the beginning of the tenancy. The checklist or statement shall
be signed and dated by the landlord and the tenant, and the tenant shall be provided with a
copy of the signed checklist or statement.
I. A landlord must place any required security deposit in a trust account and provide
a written receipt and notice of the name, address, and location of the depository and any
subsequent change thereof to the tenant, in compliance with the requirements of RCW
59.18.270.
J. Nothing in this section prohibits a landlord from bringing an action against a tenant
to recover sums exceeding the amount of the tenant's security deposit for damage to the
dwelling unit for which the tenant is responsible. The landlord may seek attorney's fees for
such an action as authorized by Chapter 59.18 RCW
Section 7. Regulations Established. TMC Section 8.47.050 is hereby established to
read as follows:
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8.47.050 Late fees
A. Any fees for late payment of rent shall not exceed 1.5% of monthly rent per month.
No other fees may be charged for late payment of rent. Any rental agreement provision
providing for such fees shall be deemed void with respect to any provision prohibited by this
subsection. This subsection shall not apply to or limit decisions, orders, and rulings of courts
of competent jurisdiction.
B. Any notice to pay or vacate served under RCW 59.12.030(3) shall include within
the notice in at least sixteen (16) point bold font for the following information:
"You have 14 days to pay the rent required by this notice. After 14 days, you may
pay the rent but will have to include a late fee totaling at most 1.5% of monthly rent for each
month of rent owed. If the landlord has started a court case to evict you and the case is filed
in court, you will need to pay court costs as well before the hearing date to avoid eviction."
Section 8. Regulations Established. TMC Section 8.47.060 is hereby established to
read as follows:
8.47.060 Due date adjustments
All rental agreements executed after the adoption of this ordinance shall include, or be
deemed to include, a provision allowing tenants to adjust the due date of rent payments if
the tenant has a regular monthly source of governmental assistance, or fixed income source
(e.q., Social Security) that the tenant receives on a date of the month that is incongruent
with paying rent on the date otherwise specified in the rental agreement. A landlord shall not
refuse to rent to a prospective tenant or terminate a lease based on a request for a due date
adjustment.
Section 9. Regulations Established. TMC Section 8.47.070 is hereby established to
read as follows:
8.47.070 Social Security numbers not required
A landlord may request but shall not require a social security number for the purposes
of screening a prospective tenant as allowed under RCW 59.18.257. A landlord shall not
refuse to enter into a rental agreement with a prospective tenant or prospective occupant
because the prospective tenant or prospective occupant does not agree to provide a social
security number. Alternative proof of financial eligibility such as portable screening reports
or other proof of income must be accepted, where available, if offered by the tenant or
prospective tenant.
Section 10. Regulations Established. TMC Section 8.47.080 is hereby established
to read as follows:
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8.47.090 Violations and penalties
A landlord found in violation of any of the provisions in this chapter, unless otherwise
provided in this chapter, shall be liable to such a tenant in a private right of action for the
greater of double the tenant's economic and noneconomic damages, or three times the
monthly rent of the dwelling unit at issue, and reasonable litigation costs and attorneys' fees.
Section 11. Corrections by City Clerk or Code Reviser Authorized. Upon
approval of the City Attorney, the City Clerk and the code reviser are authorized to make
necessary corrections to this ordinance, including the correction of clerical errors;
references to other local, state or federal laws, codes, rules, or regulations; or ordinance
numbering and section/subsection numbering.
Section 12. Severability. If any section, subsection, paragraph, sentence, clause or
phrase of this ordinance or its application to any person or situation should be held to be
invalid or unconstitutional for any reason by a court of competent jurisdiction, such
invalidity or unconstitutionality shall not affect the validity or constitutionality of the
remaining portions of this ordinance or its application to any other person or situation.
Section 13. Effective Date. This ordinance or a summary thereof shall be published
in the official newspaper of the City, and shall take effect and be in full force January 1,
2024, after passage and publication as provided by law.
PASSED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF TUKWILA, WASHINGTON, at
a Regular Meeting thereof this day of , 2023.
ATTEST/AUTHENTICATED:
Christy O'Flaherty, MMC, City Clerk Allan Ekberg, Mayor
APPROVED AS TO FORM BY: Filed with the City Clerk:
Passed by the City Council:
Published:
Effective Date:
Ordinance Number:
Office of the City Attorney
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