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HomeMy WebLinkAboutOrd 2753 - DOCUMENT: 2024 Comprehensive PlanTEMPORARY TUKWILA COMPREHENSIVE PLAN ELEMENTS Introduction Community Character Land Use Regional Centers Housing Economic Development Natural Environment Shoreline Parks, Recreation, and Open Space Transportation Utilities Capital Facilities DRAFT .iNtl'GdNCt%GN The City of Tukwila (City) Comprehensive Plan is a 20-year plan that articulates the community's vision and values about how it will grow into the future. The goals, policies and implementation strategies included in this Plan provide a basis for the City's regulations and guide future decision - making. The Plan also addresses anticipated population, housing, and employment growth, and how facilities and services will be maintained or improved to accommodate expected growth between now and the year 2044. The purpose of the City of Tukwila's Comprehensive Plan is to provide a comprehensive statement of City goals and policies to focus, direct, and coordinate the efforts of departments within the City's government. It serves as a basic source of reference for decision -making officials as they consider enacting ordinances or regulations that will affect the community's physical and economic development. The Comprehensive Plan communicates to the public and City staff the policies of the City Council, and it provides predictability to public and private sectors interested in the City of Tukwila. The Comprehensive Plan is designed to be: • Comprehensive in addressing all the geographic and functional elements relevant to the community's physical development. • General in summarizing the major policies and proposals of the City, but not defining specific locations or establishing detailed regulations -- except for in the City's designated Regional Growth Centers and subareas. • Long Range in looking beyond the current issues facing the City, but also anticipating issues that will likely occur in the future. Why Plan? Tukwila's future is built on the conditions of yesterday and today and looks down the road to changes that may occur in the future. The Comprehensive Plan is for all people in Tukwila, including residents, the business community, and visitors. People need a safe and secure place to live, an economy that provides jobs, ways to get around, schools and recreational opportunities. It is the local government's responsibility to provide public services and facilities, develop policies, and adopt regulations to guide the growth of a city that meets the needs of its people both now and in the future. Introduction December 2024 DRAFT What is a Comprehensive Plan? A comprehensive plan is a broad statement of community goals and policies that direct the orderly and coordinated physical development of a city into the future. It is designed to be a readable, functional document that reflects current community goals and needs, anticipates change, and provides specific guidance for future legislative and administrative actions. It reflects the results of public involvement, technical analysis, and the judgment of decision makers. The goals, policies, and maps in this Comprehensive Plan provide the guide for designating the use of land, implementing flexible regulations, investing in infrastructure, and developing programs and services. The elements of this Comprehensive Plan address every aspect of the community - social, economic, and environmental. Each element consists of goals, policies, and implementation strategies. Readers and users of this Comprehensive Plan should bear in mind four important points: • The policies articulated in the Plan are the foundation for decision making and represent the City's official position. • The goals and policies presented in this plan were developed in response to the community conditions identified in the background reports, and the Vision identified for the community. Links to background reports and other foundational resources are listed in this document. • Policies are not applied in isolation, but are weighed and considered within the context of the goal they are intended to achieve. • Implementation strategies listed in the Plan elements provide direction on how the Plan's policies will be acted upon by the City and community. The strategies note which city department/s or outside group/s is responsible for the action and on what timeline. Not all policies include implementation strategies, and some strategies may support multiple policies. Within five years of Plan adoption, the City will report back to King County and the Puget Sound Regional Council on how well it did in completing the short term strategies (i.e., those identified as being completed within 5 years) to which it committed. TERMS Vision: A community's best desired future. Goals are broad statements of community aspiration related to an element; Policies are specific statements of the community's position on particular issues to guide land use review, development decisions, and operational programs that will be pursued in achieving goals. Implementation strategies are the approaches staff will use to implement policies, as well as how and when the actions will be undertaken. Regulation: A rule or directive found in City ordinances or the municipal code. See Exhibit XX illustrating the relationship of goals, policies, regulations (development rules), and programs, and project review for development. in relation to other relevant policies, Introduction December 2024 I - 2 DRAFT Comprehensive Plan Amendments Tukwila's Comprehensive Plan is an evolving document and will be periodically reviewed and revised over the next 20 years as better information becomes available and public attitudes, development technologies, and economic forces and legislative policy change over time. The GMA limits Comprehensive Plan amendments to no more than once per calendar year, except for certain exemptions and emergency actions. Whenever the plan is amended it is important to verify that it is "internally consistent" and that development regulations are consistent with implementing the comprehensive plan. THE PLANNING FRAMEWORK Growth Management Act Washington State's Growth Management Act (GMA) of 1990 and 1991 provides a managed framework for growth and development throughout the State. Among other things, it mandates that fast-growing counties and cities must develop and maintain a comprehensive plan — covering the subsequent 20 years —that incorporates a number of specific elements. GROWTH MANAGEMENT ACT GOALS • Urban growth • Reduce sprawl • Transportation • Housing • Economic development • Property rights • Permits • Natural resource industries • Open space and recreation • Environment • Citizen participation and coordination • Public facilities and services • Historic preservation GMA BASICS: PLANNING PYRAMID State- Growth ManagenrentMt {,oats Re ■ ■ — Mull-cou King County— Countywide planning Policies Tukwila Comprehensive plan Tukwila Development Rules A major emphasis of the GMA is the coordination and consistency of local, regional, and State planning efforts. This includes consistency with adopted multi -county planning policies, including VISION 2050, and Countywide planning policies. One of the most important characteristics of the Growth Management Act (GMA) and the Comprehensive Plan is concurrency. Concurrency is the requirement that a jurisdiction must have infrastructure and facilities (i.e., transportation, sewer, water, police, fire, stormwater, schools, and parks and recreation) in place at the time, or within six years of, a development. This requirement can have a significant impact on the pace and type of development in the City, particularly areas of the City which require significant infrastructure improvements to Introduction December 2024 I - 3 DRAFT accommodate new growth. If the City or a developer cannot provide adequate facilities as described, then the development may not occur, and the vision described in the Comprehensive Plan should be reevaluated. Similarly, the City must identify sources of funding and commit those funds to support capital facility projects it has identified in its six -year Capital Facilities plan, adopted by reference into the Comprehensive Plan. Tukwila Snapshot Using data from the U.S. Census Bureau, Washington State Office of Financial Management, Puget Sound Regional Council, and other sources, a snapshot of the Tukwila's population has been developed: ■ Tukwila, incorporated on June 23, 1908, is a non -charter, optional code city operating under a Mayor -Council form of government, which includes a full-time Mayor, seven -member City Council elected at large, and a City Administrator. All elected -official terms are fora period of four years. ■ Tukwila is located in the heart of the Puget Sound region, approximately 12 miles south of downtown Seattle, 17 miles north of Tacoma, and just east of Seattle -Tacoma International airport. ■ Tukwila is 9.2 square miles in size (2020), with a population of 2,373 persons per square mile. ■ Tukwila had an estimated population of 22,780 in 2023 and had an estimated employment of around 45,825 in 2022. Between 2018 and 2022, more than 82 percent of those 25 years and older reported being a high school graduate, and 26 percent had a bachelor's degree or higher. ■ Tukwila is an increasingly diverse city, with more than 69 percent of its population identifying as nonwhite in 2023, and 40 percent born outside of the United States or Puerto Rico. Approximately 47 percent of the residents speak a language other than English at home. • As of 2023, Tukwila had estimated 8,098 households with an average of 2.64 persons per household. ■ Tukwila's 2023 median household income was $76,331, and the Census Bureau estimates that 13.3 percent of the City's residents live in poverty. ■ In 2023, 18 percent of the population was under 18 years old, and 11 percent were over 65 years old. ■ Business Tukwila has more than 2,000 businesses, which comprise over 40,000 jobs. Businesses cover multiple sectors with concentrations in retail, manufacturing, services, and distribution and specialties in entertainment and aerospace. ■ Between 2018 and 2022, 72 percent of the population age 16 and up participated in the civilian labor force. Introduction December 2024 I - 4 DRAFT King County Countywide Planning Policies / Vision 2050 Tukwila is located within King County. The King County Growth Management Planning Council (GMPC) has adopted a series of Countywide Planning Policies (CPPs) that provide guidelines and requirements for the 39 cities within the County in implementing the Growth Management Act mandates. The policies are adopted by the King County Council, and subsequently ratified by the County's cities. Taken together, the CPPs try to balance issues related to growth, economics, land use, and the environment. CPP objectives These requirements include: • Providing a fair share of housing affordable to all segments of the population at a variety of densities and at varying income levels through investment in needed infrastructure and modification of land use regulations. • Designating an Urban Growth Boundary that can accommodate at least 20 years of new population and employment and, where appropriate, Urban Centers of concentrated population and employment. • Providing all King County residents with a more equitable future that offers access to housing, transportation, education, employment choices, and open space amenities, regardless of race, social or economic status. • Designing efficient multimodal transportation systems that are based on local and regional priorities. • Shaping sustainable communities by integrating sustainable development and business practices, including environmental justice principles, with ecological, social, and economic concerns. • Ensuring that public facilities and services necessary to support development are adequate for growth without decreasing levels of service below local standards. • Designating Manufacturing/Industrial Centers to protect industrial and other high wage jobs they provide. • Identifying, establishing, and protecting open space; access to natural resource lands and water; parks and recreation facilities; and fish and wildlife corridors of regional significance. In addition to the GMA and CPPs, Tukwila's Comprehensive Plan is guided by the multicounty policies of Vision 2050, the regional plan developed by the Puget Sound Regional Council (PSRC). Vision 2050 is an integrated, long-range vision for maintaining a healthy region by promoting the well-being of people and communities, economic vitality, and a healthy environment. It contains an environmental framework, a regional growth strategy, and policy sections that are guided by overarching goals, implementation actions, and measures to monitor progress. The Tukwila Comprehensive Plan must be certified by PSRC as being consistent with Vision 2050 to be eligible to apply for and receive regional transportation funding. Introduction December 2024 I - 5 DRAFT WHAT IS IN A PLAN? Comprehensive Plan Elements Comprehensive plans are required by the GMA in RCW 36.70a.070 to address specific required issues, or "elements." In addition, a city may include other elements as local needs and goals dictate. Tukwila's Comprehensive Plan is made up of 11 elements, seven of which are mandated by the GMA. The mandated elements include the following: • Land Use • Transportation • Housing • Economic Development • Capital Facilities • Parks, Recreation and Open Space • Utilities Tukwila's Comprehensive Plan also includes the following optional elements identified as important to this community: • Community Character • Shoreline • Natural Environment • Regional Centers HOW WAS THE PLAN DEVELOPED? Over the years, the City has conducted extensive outreach to shape the creation and periodic updates of its Comprehensive Plan. This outreach has guided many of the local planning documents that serve as the foundation for the City's Comprehensive Plan. 1992 - Comprehensive Plan Visioning — "Tukwila Tomorrow" In 1992, a 17-member advisory committee composed of residents, business representatives and property owners began to work with ideas gathered from an earlier "Vision Tukwila" community visioning process. The community vision and ideas for achieving that emerged were discussed with the Planning Commission and City Council and were ultimately refined into the basis of the Comprehensive Plan. The Comprehensive Plan has been kept current with specific annual updates, as well as through a more comprehensive review in 2004, a phased review from 2011 through 2015, and the update process that is developing the 2024 to 2044 horizon Plan. In addition, other local planning efforts have contributed to the community's guidance for the Comprehensive Plan. 2012 - Tukwila Strategic Plan The City Council developed a City Strategic Plan to provide a process for moving from the Comprehensive Plan's long range (10- to 20-year) goals and policies to more specific short-term initiatives and actions. The strategic process examined a number is considerations: Introduction December 2024 I - 6 DRAFT Where are we now? • Who makes up the community and how is the population changing? • What are the major businesses and the City's role in the regional economy? • What are the City's greatest strengths and challenges? Where do we want to go? • What is the Community vision for the future of Tukwila? • What do City residents want the community to be like in the future? How do we get there? • What actions and investments are necessary to make the vision a reality? • What timeline is feasible for accomplishing the City's goals and priorities? • How can the City and community best serve the needs of Tukwila's diverse community, including residents, businesses and visitors? BUILDING A LOCAL COMPREHENSIVE PLAN Plan I Rev' • em- on, Moni tation, ing Plan Adoption Identify Action Steps - Policies �. o� Develop Goals and Policies Inventory Assessment - Assets and Deficits Land capacityanalysis. CA identificotion, CFassessment Land Use Map and UGA Visioning Process - Begin with the end in mind Population Projections (CWPP) The 2012 City Strategic Plan established a Vision for Tukwila - "The City of Opportunity, the Community of Choice" - that included five aspirational goals: Goal One: Goal Two: Goal Three: Goal Four: Goal Five: A Community of Inviting Neighborhoods & Vibrant Business Districts A Solid Foundation for All Tukwila Residents A Diverse & Regionally Competitive Economy A High -Performing & Effective Organization A Positive Community Identity & Image In 2018, the City conducted an extensive outreach effort to determine if the Plan still reflected community priorities and values. The update identified improvements that had been completed over the years as well as opportunities for ongoing progress, which were incorporated into the updated Strategic Plan. Introduction December 2024 I - 7 DRAFT Items needing ongoing attention: Community input identified that the City still had work to do to improve safety and project a positive image. The primary item needing work was ensuring that Tukwila residents can get basic needs, especially affordable housing. In addition, the community stated Tukwila should ensure that there are opportunities for community outreach and engagement. Is the 2012 Plan still valid? How should the City Prioritize its budget? Generally, constituents agreed with the vision, mission, goals and objectives identified in the 2012 Strategic Plan, and supported the City continuing to work toward the aspirational vision of being "The City of Opportunity, the Community of Choice." What changes should be made in the Plan — what is missing? The community and staff identified the following important items that were missing from the Strategic Plan: 1. Equity, particularly with regard to race 2. Addressing gentrification and displacement 3. Health and environmental health 4. Infrastructure 5. Technology and innovation 2015 and 2024 Comprehensive Plan Periodic Updates Over the years the City has reached out to all residents, employees, and property owners in Tukwila about the Comprehensive Plan process and encouraged them to participate. The City has used a variety of approaches to encourage engagement over the years, including all -city mailings, the Hazelnut newsletter, and information posted to the City website. For some topics the City formed advisory committees or conducted video interviews with residents, businesses, and other stakeholders to provide guidance on new policy directions. In addition, staff has held informal open houses where residents, property owners, and business representatives could review changes and provide input on the Plan. Ultimately, the plan is reviewed at public hearings with the Planning Commission and City Council. During the 2015 update, the City used trained community liaisons to reach out to different language groups to conduct surveys and hold "Community Conversations" meetings in multiple languages. In early 2023, the City received a limited amount of state funding to use for outreach to community -based organizations around the topic of housing. Staff conducted interviews with affordable housing developers, realtors, and City elected, appointed, and community leaders to talk about City planning issues, with special focus on housing type options and affordability, as well as conducted Open Houses. Translation services have been provided at Community meetings and the Comprehensive Plan Update webpage has offered text and surveys in numerous languages. The input from these engagement events and activities has been folded into the goals and policies identified in the 2024-2044 Comprehensive Plan. Prior to the passage of SHB 1717 in 2022, the Growth Management Act was largely silent on coordination between jurisdictions preparing their Comprehensive Plans and Tribal governments. The GMAS now requires that local governments invite a local tribe to participate in a local comprehensive planning process and establish a memorandum of agreement regarding collaboration and coordination (RCW 36.70A.040). In 2022, Tukwila reached out to both the Introduction December 2024 I - 8 DRAFT Muckleshoot Tribe and the Duwamish tribe to invite that participation, however, neither tribe expressed an interest in participating in the Plan development process. Environmental Review With its original Comprehensive Plan, Tukwila prepared an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS). Over the years, as the Plan has been updated, the EIS has been updated as well. Through the environmental review public participation process, the City has solicited review and discussion of the Comprehensive Plan with neighboring jurisdictions and affected agencies. TUKWILA'S VISION The vision for the community, which was articulated by the community in multiple community engagement opportunities, emerge from the community's core values — respect for the past and present, compassion and support for individuals and families, pride of place, and quality opportunities for working, living and community involvement. This vision, discussed in the following section, provides the foundation for the Goals of this Comprehensive Plan, described in each element of the Plan. RESPECT FOR THE PAST AND PRESENT ■ TUKWILA WAS, AND WILL CONTINUE AS, A REGIONAL CROSSROADS Puget Sound is a part of a larger area that has been the traditional aboriginal territory of the Coast Salish peoples, who live around the Salish Sea in what is now Washington State and the Canadian province of British Columbia. The Coast Salish Tribes have lived here since time immemorial and while each tribe is unique, all share a deep historical connection and legacy of respect for the land and its natural resources. These sovereign tribal nations enrich the region through environmental stewardship, cultural heritage, and economic development. The Duwamish and Muckleshoot Tribes bring their perspectives to collaborate with Tukwila to shape the region's future. Given its central location and convenient access to many modes of transportation Tukwila will continue to be at a strategic crossroads. First the Duwamish River, then the Interurban railroad, and later major highways have provided transportation access —first, for native Americans drawn to the river's fish, then for 19`h- and early 20`h- century immigrants who harvested the timber and established farms, and now for people who conduct business, shop, visit, or live in this urban area. Modern methods of transportation such as Link Light Rail and bus rapid transit are important attractors for new investment and should serve our residents while connecting local and regional travelers and the region. ■ WE HONOR THE PASTAS WE MOVE TOWARD THE FUTURE Our present institutions and housing, businesses, and public infrastructure facilities have resulted from the efforts of many people to pursue their individual and collective dreams. We honor this past and seek to preserve and enhance our community and environment by dreaming, planning, and investing in our future. We support cultural preservation programs and activities that draw on the strengths of long-term residents and families who provide a direct connection with the past. Introduction December 2024 I - 9 DRAFT COMPASSION AND SUPPORT FOR INDIVIDUALS AND FAMILIES ■ WE SUPPORT OUR RESIDENTS We seek to maintain each neighborhood fairly and equitably so that individuals and families can thrive and reach out to their neighbors. We value the diversity of our residents; however, the rising cost of housing threatens the ability of people to remain in their communities. The housing market has experienced great highs and lows. This has benefitted some, while creating and exacerbating hardship and inequalities for others. There are substantial disparities in housing access between white and person of color households, underscoring the ongoing effects of systemic racism in housing. This update of the plan will focus on approaches the community can use to address the ongoing housing crisis and the issues of equity in how housing and city resources are distributed. We encourage home ownership, and support both owners and renters in maintaining and improving their homes. Research has shown that people of color are less likely to secure a home loan and have significantly lower rates of homeownership compared to white households. In accordance with GMA amendment HB 1220 this update will examine racially disparate impacts, displacement, and exclusion in local housing policies. We cooperate with residents to improve neighborhood infrastructure. We encourage neighborhood pride and interaction. ■ WE SUPPORT OUR FAMILIES We support our families so they can thrive as caretakers for all family members, including elders. We encourage their efforts to be self-supporting, engaged, responsible members of our community. We seek opportunities to protect our residents from crime, accidents, and illness. ■ WE SUPPORT OUR CHILDREN Our children are our future. We honor them. We protect them from harmful influences and will provide educational, recreational, and other opportunities that enable them to become healthy, educated, responsible adults. PRIDE OF PLACE ■ WE VALUE OUR ENVIRONMENT We seek to enable our residents to appreciate, participate in and enjoy the many benefits of a healthy, thriving natural environment. We seek to protect our shoreline, streams, wetlands, and other natural amenities, such as trees, to provide habitat for our native species of plants and animals. We support wise use of existing resources and a transition to renewable resources to improve climate resilience and adapt to the ongoing effects of climate change. We acknowledge the disproportionate impacts of extreme weather, flooding, and wildfires due to climate change on our vulnerable populations. ■ WE APPRECIATE OUR SURROUNDINGS Each distinctive residential neighborhood, commercial area, and manufacturing area contributes to our wholesome living and working experience. We seek to create a natural environment, a physical infrastructure, and a community image that prompts people to respect and care for each other, and which attracts newcomers to live, do business, shop in, visit, and enjoy the special features of the City. People who arrive here want to stay here and invest their time and resources in making the community a better place. Introduction December 2024 I-10 DRAFT QUALITY OPPORTUNITIES FOR WORKING, LIVING, AND COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT ■ THRIVING AND RESPONSIBLE BUSINESSES We support a stable, thriving economy that provides quality work experiences and income, and generates revenue for public services. We cooperate with our business community and seek to attract new businesses by supporting their development and necessary infrastructure. In return, we expect them to maintain high standards and participate in attaining our community vision. ■ RESPONSIVE GOVERNMENT THAT RESPECTS INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS We value all our residents. We respect the rights of our residents, workers, property owners, and visitors to pursue their individual and collective visions, provided that their actions respect the same rights of others. We strive to limit government regulations to those necessary to protect the rights of present and future generations and to achieve our community goals. We encourage all members of the community to become actively involved in community affairs, and we provide opportunities for participation in the decisions that affect them. ■ WE SEEK TO PROVIDE OPPORTUNITIES FOR RESIDENTS We believe that while individuals bear primary responsibility for themselves, their communities perform a vital role in providing a positive environment, support, and growth opportunities. We also acknowledge the legacy of legal racial, ethnic, and gender discrimination that has limited the opportunities available to segments of our community. We believe that, in addition to City provided social services, many opportunities and services are best provided by non -profits, private businesses and voluntary organizations. We encourage these efforts, partner with organizations that help meet the basic needs of our residents, and support Tukwila's active spirit of volunteerism. We encourage the social and civic engagement of all community residents who are a tremendous resource and have much to contribute. We pay special attention to those whose opportunities have been, and continue to be, limited by circumstances they cannot control, and use our limited resources to develop a solid foundation for all Tukwila residents. PLAN OBJECTIVES As discussed, Tukwila's Comprehensive Plan essential function is to serve the residents and business community by providing guidelines for a safe, livable, environmentally sustainable, and economically viable community with which they are proud to identify. The Plan, based on its Vision for the Future of Tukwila, provides the framework that allows Tukwila to respond dynamically to the changes that are inevitable over the immediate long term. The Plan's goals and policies contribute to shaping the major emphases of this periodic Plan update: • To Identify opportunities to increase housing type availability and affordability for Tukwila's community, today and tomorrow. • To ensure that City processes address historic racial disparities in the prioritization of how resources are spent and City processes conducted. Introduction December 2024 DRAFT • To focus future housing and job development in the City's two regional growth centers, Southcenter and the Manufacturing Industrial Center, while also focusing on other opportunities for growth in transit -oriented development areas within the City. • To encourage and pursue opportunities for preparing the City, its infrastructure, and community for the environmental and social changes that will come with increased climate change. • To build the City's relationship with all quadrants of the community, including community - based organizations, the business community, and residents, and strive to provide the highest level of governmental services and responsiveness. COMPREHENSIVE PLAN MAP The Growth Management Act requires that the Plan be internally consistent, and that all elements be consistent with the future land use map. Tukwila's Future Land Use Map, located in the Land Use element, meets State requirements to identify locations for the following land uses: housing, commerce, industry, recreation, open space, public utilities, and public facilities.' The Future Land Use map sets forth the categories of allowable land uses and densities for the purpose of directing future development and redevelopment of private and public property in the City. It is implemented in large part through the City's official Zoning Map, which is a regulatory tool. The Comprehensive Future Land Use Map is available at the City of Tukwila Department of Community Development and online. PLAN IMPLEMENTATION Adopting an updated Comprehensive Plan is the first step toward adjusting and maintaining the City's vision. The Plan is implemented through policies and strategies listed in the Elements, as well as through adopted functional and special plans, and service programs and funding priorities established by the City. Tukwila's implementation program comprises a combination of short-term, mid-term, long-term, and ongoing actions that contribute to the City achieving its vision. Actions identified as "short term" would require up to 5 years, "mid-term" actions require up to 10 years, "long term" actions require up to 15 years, and "ongoing" actions would be progressively worked on over the years. A short-term action could include implementing a Citywide communications plan including language translation strategies to reach and involve all residents. Other implementing actions could include amending regulations such as the Zoning Code to align with newly developed policies and State regulations. Longer -term actions include sub -area planning, facility development, and developing a Capital Improvement Plan (CIP) that allocates resources to projects that will spur the City's development in the direction envisioned in the Plan. Other actions will be taken by the City when required or as resources become available. A successful Plan is one that can respond to changing conditions. As changes in land uses, regional trends, or the economic or environmental climate occur over time, it may be necessary to reassess or modify how to implement the community's vision. The Comprehensive Plan contains the policy wording that provides for monitoring, evaluating, and amending the plan as community needs Introduction December 2024 I-12 DRAFT change. Comprehensive Plans are allowed to be modified and updated annually between major updates cycles that occur each decade. The City will also be obligated to report back to PSRC and King County on the success it has had (or not had) with implementing its strategies. City Plans Many City departments have adopted functional plans that serve to implement the vision, policies, principles, and guidelines set forth in the Comprehensive plan. Typically, functional plans are more wide reaching, but there is a range of more specific plans that also support the Comprehensive Plan's vision. Examples of some of the City's plans include: • ADA Transition Plan, 2016 • Capital Improvement Program, 2023-2024 • Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP), every 5 years • Comprehensive Sanitary Sewer Plan Update, 2023 • Comprehensive Water Plan Update - 2015, 2022 • Economic Development Strategy • Green Tukwila 20-Year Stewardship Plan • King County Regional Hazard Mitigation Plan, 2020-2025 • Neighborhood Traffic Calming Program: Top-10 Recommended NTCP Projects), 2022 • Older Adults Recreational Services Needs Assessment, 2019 • Parks, Recreation, and Open Space Plan, 2020 (and Technical Supplement, 2019) • Public Arts & Culture Master Plan, 2018 • Public Facilities Plan, underway in 2023 • Recreation Program Plan, completion expected in January 2025 • Residential Streets Prioritization program, 2016 • Shoreline Master Program, 2020 • Shoreline Restoration Plan, 2007 • Surface Water Comprehensive Plan - 2024 • Stormwater Management Program Plan - 2024 • Stormwater Management Action Plan, underway in 2023 • Transit -Oriented Development Housing Strategies Plan, a.k.a., Housing Action Plan, 2021 • Transportation Plan, 2024 In addition, there are numerous site -specific City plans that the community has developed that reflect the Comprehensive Plan priorities, including: • Community Center Master Plan, no date • Tukwila International Boulevard - Implementing the Vision: CNU Legacy Plan, 2017 • Tukwila South Development Agreement (Ordinance 2233, 6-8-2009) + Exhibits 1 to 11 to Ordinance 2233 • Southcenter Subarea Plan, 2014 • Southcenter Design Manual, 2014 • Manufacturing and Industrial Center Plan, 2011 • Teen & Senior Center Project • Tukwila Pond Park Master Plan, 2022 Introduction December 2024 I-13 DRAFT External Agency Plans External agencies have also developed plans, in conjunction with Tukwila, that implement local and regional priorities. These agencies include King County and the Tukwila and other School Districts with facilities in City limits: ■ King County Water Resources Inventory Area 9 ■ King County Flood Control District Lower Green River Flood Hazard Management plan ■ King County Flood Hazard Management Plan ■ Highline Water District Plan ■ King County Water District #125 Plan ■ King County Water District #20 Plan ■ Valley View Sewer District Plan ■ City of Seattle Plans for Water and Sewer Service ■ Etc. Introduction December 2024 I-14 DRAFT Cossissiatiity CaarActer WHAT YOU WILL FIND IN THIS CHAPTER: • A basic framework that celebrates Tukwila's history, builds on its diversity, and fosters civic engagement while accommodating growth that furthers the community's vision; • A discussion of issues that shape Tukwila's identity and describe the community's vision for safety and security, healthy living, communication, and public engagement; • Goals and policies for promoting the positive community character envisioned; and • Goals, policies, and strategies to achieve a stronger community and expand regional opportunities PURPOSE The Community Character element establishes the framework that celebrates the City's history and environment — both physical and social. The community's character reflects both the values placed on the views of Mt. Rainier, the Cascades, and the Green/Duwamish River system, but also the social values surrounding the community's diversity and vision for compassion and support, governmental responsiveness, civic engagement, and the components that are essential to making Tukwila a safe, secure, successful, forward - looking community. ISSUES Tukwila is an economically and geographically unique community. It has a large proportion and expanse of commercial and industrial activity compared to the amount of residential development. It is divided into distinct areas by freeways and crisscrossing arterials, with the Green/Duwamish River winding throughout the entire length of the City. The hillsides and valleys in the area further split the City into numerous, almost disconnected segments. Local streets and major arterials do not follow a predictable grid pattern. Large industrial and commercial developments, together with associated parking, tend to dominate the City's landscape when seen from freeways and major arterials. This persists as the overall image of the City despite the community's many areas of quiet residential streets and abundant vegetation. This geology also contributes to a sense of division between Community Character CC - 1 December 2024 DRAFT neighborhoods, resulting in the challenge of developing solutions that serve all the residents. Spectacular views of Mount Rainier, the Cascade Mountains and even the Seattle skyline are available from many hillsides around the City. In addition, numerous streets run along the hillsides and afford sweeping vistas of land and greenery. And finally, the Green/Duwamish River and Tukwila Pond could serve as prominent and dramatic elements of the community's image and identity. The potential of these two natural features as unique amenities has yet to be fully realized. Despite the region's wealth and the ongoing investments in public and human services, inequity persists and has in some cases expanded. Historical data has consistently revealed disparities in social, educational, health and economic outcomes based on race, income, and other factors. Tukwila's community, similar to other South King County cities, has experienced lower incomes, less educational attainment, higher rates of chronic disease and morbidity, and a higher percentage of residents needing human services assistance. Tukwila's high numbers of immigrants, refugees and their children may struggle as they seek employment or services or when in the classroom, trying to learn English while receiving limited support for their home language and culture. Long-time residents, including minorities, seniors, adults, and families, may face challenges in meeting basic needs. Native American Culture and Settlement in Tukwila Area' "In days gone by, there was once a war between the North Wind people and the Chinook Wind people. Chinook Wind was married to Mountain Beaver Woman, the daughter of North Wind. The people of North Wind village did not like the man and so they killed him and his tribe. The only one left alive was Chinook Wind's mother, an old woman who lived on a stone mountain down along the Duwamish River." So begins the Epic of the Winds, a story told by Southern Coast Salish peoples that recounts the creation of the post -glacial landscape and climate of the Duwamish/Green 1 Sources: David B. Williams, Homewaters: A Human and Natural History of Puget Sound (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2021). Excerpted in Seattle Times, June 20, 2021. <Link> Alan Stein, Story of the Origin of the North Wind Weir on the Duwamish River (HistoryLink.org, 2000). <Link> Alan Stein, Fort Dent Park (HistoryLink.org, 2003). <Link> The Waterlines Map, Burke Museum, 2014. <Link> Coll -Peter Thrush, The Lushootseed Peoples of Puget Sound Country (University of Washington Libraries). <Link>. Muckleshoot Indian Tribe: https://www.muckleshoot.nsn.us/about Duwamish Tribe: https://www.duwamishtribe.org/culture-today Cultural Resources Assessment for the 42nd Avenue South Bridge Replacement Project, prepared by Cultural Resource Consultants, 2024. Community Character CC - 2 December 2024 DRAFT River valley. The tale is one of the best-known indigenous stories of the central Puget Sound region and prominently features locations that are in what is now known as Tukwila. North Wind's Weir, a rock formation in the river channel near Cecil Moses Park; beaver lodge (stxagax"), now known as the Duwamish Hill Preserve; and Grandmother hill, across the river from the Allentown Bridge and Tukwila Community Center, are elements of a landscape that was imbued with meaning and power. Prior to dredging, damming, and re-channelization by Euro-Americans, the Duwamish watershed connected a huge, well -populated area via the Black River (connecting to Lake Washington, Lake Sammamish, and the Cedar River), the White River (connecting to Enumclaw plateau and Mt. Rainier foothills), the Green River valley, and the vast Salish Sea. This river system provided both a travel network and, with seasonal salmon harvests, an abundant source of food. The confluence of the Black and Duwamish rivers, a place known as sq'wu2alq`1u2 or "meeting of rivers" at what is today Tukwila's Fort Dent Park, was among the most important places in this river system and was the site of a permanent winter village. Villages like this included several long, communal cedar plank houses, which served as the central hubs for activities and were the heart of social and ceremonial life. Every year, with the arrival of spring and warmer weather, families would disperse from winter villages, traveling by canoe to hunt, fish, gather, and trade at long -accustomed sites. This was part of a sustainable and resilient lifestyle based on collaboration between groups inhabiting different watersheds. Through these patterns of travel and interaction, native tribes established a rich and enduring culture across the region over thousands of years. The cultural identity of the Southern Coast Salish peoples, shaped over millennia, faced an existential threat with the occupation of native lands by Euro-American settlers. This displacement was codified by the treaties of Medicine Creek and Point Elliot in 1854/55, which gave legal sanction to the removal of native people and established designated tribal reservations. Tribal sovereignty was further threatened by the 1887 Dawes Act, which permitted the sale of already limited reservation lands to settlers. These events, aimed at fundamentally altering or erasing indigenous ways of life, continue to profoundly shape life in Tukwila in ways both seen and unseen. Despite these challenges, Southern Coast Salish peoples remain resilient and strong. Landmark legal victories, such as the Boldt Decision of 1974, represent ongoing efforts to reclaim and protect treaty -established sovereign rights. Today, local tribes and organizations, including the federally recognized Muckleshoot, Tulalip, and Suquamish tribes and the Duwamish tribe, which seeks federal recognition, continue to serve their communities and honor tribal heritage through preservation of traditional language, fishing and culinary practices, music, art, and dance, canoe journeys and cultural celebrations. Community Character CC - 3 December 2024 DRAFT Historic Preservation and Cultural Awareness While Tukwila has a rich history that has involved farming, the river, rail transportation and the development of the aircraft industry, there are few visible indications of its earlier days. With the exception of the Museum of Flight, the Duwamish Hill Preserve and some interpretive markers along the Green/Duwamish River, there are no explanations or celebrations of the major features of the community's heritage, such as the Interurban rail line. Only a few places are given any degree of commemoration with respect to their role in the history and growth of Tukwila. Due to Tukwila's location on the Green/Duwamish River, the area has been home to many Native American settlements and plays an important role in local Native American culture. Development along certain portions of the river has exposed artifacts from the days when Native Americans travelled the river and camped along its banks. These artifacts require protection from future development, and improved interpretation so that the public can appreciate their origin and significance. The Muckleshoot Tribe continues to be actively involved in preserving and improving the habitat quality of the Green/Duwamish River. Cultural Diversity Tukwila's demographics have changed significantly in the nearly 30 years since the original Comprehensive Plan was adopted. Similar to changes seen throughout all South King County, Tukwila has become home to a diverse mix of people from many backgrounds and countries. Our challenge is to create a community where residents — including both the long-term and the recently -arrived, with varied backgrounds, traditions, languages, and countries of origin —feel connected and committed to each other, their neighborhoods, their community groups and organizations, and to the City as a whole. Many people feel involved in their own piece of Tukwila, be it a block, a neighborhood, a business park or a particular linguistic, cultural or interest group. In planning for the whole community, Tukwila has sought to ensure that its planning efforts provide a shared sense of belonging and involvement in Tukwila as a whole. To achieve that, the City has conducted culturally appropriate and language -specific approaches to encourage participation in City planning efforts that include the development of the City's Strategic Plan (2012), as well as the City's Comprehensive Plan. City Boundaries There is little sense of entering or leaving either the community as a whole or individual neighborhoods, because in many areas the City limits are irregular or do not coincide with natural boundaries. In addition, Tukwila's growth through petitioned annexations has created certain boundary anomalies: • The border configuration between Tukwila and Seattle in the King County Airport area, in which the boundary crosses Interstate 5 more than once and splits certain industrial properties, creates a number of jurisdictional issues, including police response. Community Character CC - 4 December 2024 DRAFT • On the southwest, the boundary between Tukwila and SeaTac crosses Interstate 5 and other streets in several places, creating difficulties for the reasonable provision of services. With major expansion largely ended, there is an opportunity to make Tukwila's size and extent more visible by providing identifiable boundary markers. Commercial Development, Urban Design, and Safety Previous planning strategies noted that residents and businesses want a safe and visually attractive community. The design of residential and commercial development is key to accomplishing this goal. Visually attractive development occurs through the application of design criteria that are functional, attractive, and safe. Safe and visually attractive communities are also achieved through the enforcement of existing standards. City planning and investment in infrastructure promotes safe, attractive neighborhoods and business districts, and supports and enhances Tukwila's position as a major shopping and employment center. Areas of focus include making the City more accessible for bicyclists and walkers, and engaging residents and businesses in setting expectations for how Tukwila's public and private spaces will look. Perceived or actual lack of safety and security can hinder both individual and community development and feelings of well-being. The City continues to seek opportunities to collaborate with the whole community to reduce and prevent crime and enhance the overall sense of safety and security. Security also extends to emergency planning for natural and man-made emergency events, such as earthquakes, terrorism, or the effects of climate change. The City anticipates and has planned for these types of situations through efforts such as its Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan, and Continuity of Operations Plan. Strategies that enhance public safety and security will ultimately strengthen the community. Healthy Living and Parks, Recreation and Open Space The urban form — including the infrastructure and built environment — affects the health of residents and workers, as well as the overall community identity. The proximity of trails, sidewalks for safe walking, transit connections to reduce the use of single -occupant vehicles that contribute to air pollution, the availability of recreation programs, and access to healthy and affordable food choices all contribute to the health of a community. The importance of providing healthy living choices is reflected throughout the Comprehensive Plan especially in this element, as well as in the Parks, Recreation and Open Space, Economic Development, and Transportation elements. In the past, community members have consistently expressed their desire for better access to recreational opportunities, safer routes to schools for children, and better access to affordable, good quality food, including fresh fruits and vegetables. The U.S. Department of Agriculture identified Tukwila ad "food desert," based on its definition that Tukwila's low - Community Character CC - 5 December 2024 DRAFT income census tracts show a significant number of residents are located more than one mile from the nearest supermarket. Expanding access to healthy food and providing job training opportunities is an important City goal. The City will continue to seek out opportunities to ensure that community members have access to hands-on vocational training that provides the opportunity to become better integrated into local communities and economies. Community Image Tukwila's image, as perceived within the community and region and portrayed by the media, is often at odds with its many positive attributes. The City faces challenges in shifting negative perceptions about public safety and crime to create and communicate an image that better reflects reality, engages residents, and attracts visitors and businesses. Communication and Involvement Meetings at City Hall, printed mailings and website articles often have been used to inform citizens about issues and events and solicit their opinions and involvement in City affairs. While these methods are effective with some people, a broader approach is necessary to communicate to the full community. Some Tukwila residents may choose to be involved in City activities, while others may not be involved or represented due to cultural differences, language issues, age, economic status, or lack of time or awareness. Diverse communities may require the use of new methods of communication and engagement. City processes and regulations that seem confusing and difficult for the public may present an additional obstacle to clear communication and engagement between the community and the City. A key challenge is developing communication tools that are clear, effective, and appropriate, so that all residents are aware of and can choose to participate in the processes and decisions that affect them. Communication within and across City departments is crucial for developing a coordinated approach to problem -solving. Regional Opportunity and Role Many issues that the City faces are not exclusive to Tukwila and are prevalent throughout the region. City representatives participating in various regional forums can both drive and support policy and strategy that benefits Tukwila. The City's activities in regional partnerships can help it achieve its long-term goals. For example, the City's Human Services program has long engaged with other cities and King County to craft more efficient ways to plan and deliver services and provide strategic direction about how the County allocates funds for housing and community development. Emergency Management staff participate in multiple regional planning efforts, including maintaining the Regional Coordination Framework so that resources can be shared between jurisdictions and efficiencies gained. Community Development staff are involved with inter -jurisdictional groups to analyze, develop, and share data, policies, and standards. Participation by elected officials in local, regional, Statewide, and national Community Character CC - 6 December 2024 DRAFT organizations provides many benefits, including education on emerging issues and forging valuable partnerships. GOALS AND POLICIES Overall Community Design GOAL CC-1 POLICIES Policy CC-1.1 Policy CC-1.2 A community of inviting neighborhoods and vibrant business districts that are visually attractive, draw visitors, add value to the community and encourage people to walk, bike and use transit. Encourage the creation of locations and facilities where residents of all ages and cultures can gather for activities and events, such as public markets, parades, and festivals, including those that are representative of the City's diverse population. Capitalize on the potential that public projects, arts, and cultural facilities have for serving as symbols of the community, catalyzing local development, and contributing to a unique sense of place within a neighborhood. Policy CC-1.3 Expand the system of incentives, tools, and supports that encourage investment in and maintenance of private and public spaces. Policy CC-1.4 Encourage placemaking through creative use of signage, art, landmark designation and improvement, and streetscape improvements. Policy CC-1.5 Require that sites have adequate lighting and are designed using crime - reduction principles to increase safety. Policy CC-1.6 Seek opportunities to integrate public art into public improvements. GOAL CC-2 Design streets to create a cohesive network, including continuous non -motorized improvements that connect to the surrounding business and residential neighborhoods and enhance the visual quality of the community. Policy CC-2.1 Where appropriate and feasible, provide lighting, seating, landscaping, and other amenities for sidewalks, walkways, and trails. Community Character CC - 7 December 2024 DRAFT Policy CC-2.2 Policy CC-2.3 Policy CC-2.4 Policy CC-2.5 Provide street lighting where needed and appropriate based on neighborhood context to improve visibility and safety while minimizing light/glare spillover. Maintain, improve, and expand distinctive gateway features located at freeway off -ramps and at City limit lines where they cross major arterial streets; use graphics, orientation maps, informational signage, lighting, specimen trees, plantings with seasonal color, artwork, monument forms, or combinations thereof. Promote the planting of street trees and other landscaping standards to enhance corridor appearance, neighborhood identification and streetscape unity. Where possible, encourage developments to include pedestrian weather protection, see -through glass, and distinctive rooflines in new and redeveloped building facades. Tukwila's Past, Present, and Future GOAL CC-3 POLICIES Policy CC-3.1 Policy CC-3.2 GOAL CC-4 POLICIES Paleontological and archaeological artifacts and sites with cultural and Native American significance are protected and preserved. Ensure that the potential for the existence of paleontological and archaeological sites is considered during development of new construction projects. Identify and protect archaeological resources and culturally significant sites and develop interpretive information that fosters public appreciation of historical traditions and practices. A heritage conserved and interpreted so that Tukwila's citizens recognize connections with the past and celebrate the diverse cultures represented in the community today. Policy CC-4.1 Identify, protect, and designate historically significant properties, structures and sites. Community Character CC - 8 December 2024 DRAFT Policy CC-4.2 Policy CC-4.3 Policy CC-4.4 Policy CC-4.5 Policy CC-4.6 Provide prominent public art and interpretive markers that celebrate the City's history of important buildings, sites, events or persons. Establish a process for providing incentives for the preservation and reuse of historic landmarks. Develop and implement plans, projects, and programs to protect and promote the historical legacy of the Green River Valley and its natural and built environment. The Tukwila Arts Commission shall ensure that Tukwila's characteristics, such as its history and cultural diversity, are considered in public art projects. Coordinate with tribes in regional and local planning, recognizing the mutual benefits and potential for impacts between growth occurring within and outside tribal boundaries. GOAL CC-5 The Tukwila community is proud of its cultural diversity, distinctive identity, and unique character. POLICIES Policy CC-5.1 City staff and leaders seek opportunities to generate positive media coverage of the community and its attributes. Policy CC-5.2 Promote Tukwila's international diversity as a strength. Policy CC-5.3 Policy CC-5.4 Policy CC-5.5 Policy CC-5.6 Actively promote community engagement of all sectors of the City's diverse population using a wide range of innovative methods responsive to variety of communication requirements. Encourage and support communities in celebrating, preserving, and transmitting their traditions through cultural and heritage activities and education. Develop programs and City-wide events to celebrate the City's cultural diversity. Enhance linkages with the school districts serving Tukwila to recognize and support the strengths of Tukwila's multi-lingual student body. Community Character CC - 9 December 2024 DRAFT GOAL CC-6 POLICIES Policy CC-6.1 Policy CC-6.2 A healthy community where active living and access to affordable, culturally appropriate, and nutritious food is available to all. Encourage the development of public, private and non-profit partnerships to support the goal of healthy eating and active living, including education and awareness. Develop and implement a communication plan and Healthy Tukwila website with information and links about healthy eating, active living, and related topics - including strategies for reaching communities who do not speak English or use computers (e.g., translated written as well as verbal). Policy CC-6.3 Provide healthy and culturally appropriate food and beverages in City programs and facilities to promote healthy eating habits. GOAL CC-7 Food security, local food production and public health are promoted. POLICIES Policy CC-7.1 Explore incentives or regulatory changes to encourage location of healthy food purveyors in underserved areas. Policy CC-7.2 Support the Tukwila Food Pantry and other organizations that help provide food assistance to low-income residents so that all families, seniors, schools, and community- based organizations are able to access, purchase and increase intake of fresh fruits, vegetables, and other nutritious foods. Tukwila Government - Service to the Community GOAL CC-8 Provide a high -performing, service- and results -oriented government that works with citizens, citizens groups, institutions, and service providers to recognize and solve problems within the community. Community Character CC - 10 December 2024 DRAFT POLICIES Policy CC-8.1 Support the City's human services program in providing a solid foundation for all Tukwila residents through high -quality services and actively collaborating with service providers to help meet basic needs and job readiness, including: • Safety net for urgent and basic needs, • Positive and healthy relationships, • Support for self-sufficiency, and • Information referral (and system navigation). Policy CC-8.2 Enhance and encourage effective partnerships across City departments and with providers to meet community needs. Policy CC-8.3 Ensure that land use, urban design, transportation, economic development, and other policies, plans and projects in Tukwila consider human services impacts, and benefit existing and future populations in an equitable manner. Policy CC-8.4 Promote health, safety, and quality of life through responsive and responsible investment of public funds in social and human services. Policy CC-8.5 Policy CC-8.6 Policy CC-8.7 POLICIES Enable culturally and linguistically appropriate equitable access to programs and services and help connect residents to service options, particularly for those most disproportionately cost -burdened or historically excluded. Adopt and use an equity impact review tool when developing plans and policies to test for outcomes that might adversely impact Black, Indigenous, and People of Color communities; immigrants and refugees; people with low incomes; people with disabilities; and communities with language access needs. Regularly assess the impact of policies and programs to identify actual outcomes and adapt as needed to achieve intended goals. Involve community groups especially immigrant, Black, Indigenous, and People of Color communities continuously in planning processes to promote civic engagement, government accountability, transparency, and personal agency. Communication and Engagement Policy CC-8.8 Use frequent and open communication and collaboration as an operating principle in all affairs of the City. Community Character CC - 11 December 2024 DRAFT Policy CC-8.9 Policy CC-8.10 Policy CC-8.11 Policy CC-8.12 Design and implement processes and programs to be user-friendly for the public and efficient for City staff. Strengthen the City's ability to engage with diverse populations within the community, particularly those that do not participate in traditional formats, by using a variety of participation techniques to reach all segments of the population. Build meaningful and trusting connections between the City and the diverse communities that make up the broader Tukwila community to foster their participation and involvement in City affairs and decision - making processes. Encourage the participation of dedicated, community -oriented volunteers on City boards and commissions, striving to achieve a broad and balanced representation of members from the entire community. Safety, Security, and Emergency Preparedness Policy CC-8.13 Policy CC-8.14 Policy CC-8.15 Policy CC-8.16 Foster an environment of safety and security for those who live in, work in, and visit Tukwila, through a broad and collaborative approach to reducing and preventing crime. Equip residents, businesses, and community service providers through education and training to be active participants in public safety (including, but not limited to, emergency preparedness, crime prevention, first aid, fire prevention, and climate -related hazards). The City Police Department works with community members and businesses to identify approaches to addressing crime in the City. Maintain and update as required a City-wide Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) and program, that: • Establishes a comprehensive all -hazards approach to incident management; • Ensures ongoing operation and continuity of City government; • Uses the National Incident Management System (NIMS); • Serves to inform and educate City employees and the community about emergency preparedness measures for all hazards, including flood and climate -related emergencies; • Effectively utilizes available resources from all City departments and mutual aid partners, in an adequate and timely response to emergency situations; and • Addresses emergency preparedness for those with access and functional needs, coordinating a broad range of stakeholders to improve planning and responsive service. Community Character CC - 12 December 2024 DRAFT Policy CC-8.17 Policy CC-8.18 Policy CC-8.19 Policy CC-8.20 Continue to meet or exceed federal minimum standards for the National Flood Insurance Program to better protect public health and safety, and to achieve flood insurance premium discounts. Ensure the City of Tukwila's continued participation in the National Flood Insurance Program through periodic review and updating of flood plain management standards and the flood zone construction permit process. Encourage long-term community environmental security by supporting and implementing the U.S. Conference of Mayor's Climate Protection Agreement, climate pledges and commitments undertaken by the City, and other multi -jurisdictional efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, address climate change and other impacts of changing global conditions. Lead by example to establish policy decisions and priorities, and design programs and facilities that consider long-term impacts on natural and human environments to address sustainability and climate change. Regional Responsibility GOAL CC-9 POLICIES Foster a strong sense of Tukwila's regional responsibility and accountability balanced by an awareness of regional impacts on the City and its citizens. Policy CC-9.1 Accept Tukwila's responsibility to coordinate regionally on the siting or expansion of Essential Public Facilities (see Land Use policies). Policy CC-9.2 Policy CC-9.3 Site public capital facilities of a Countywide or Statewide nature to support the Countywide land use pattern, support economic activities, mitigate environmental impacts, provide amenities or incentives, and minimize public costs. Amenities or incentives shall be provided to neighborhoods/jurisdictions in which facilities are sited. Work with affected citizens, property owners and the neighboring cities of SeaTac, Kent, and Seattle to develop interlocal agreements that may be necessary to address concerns regarding shared borders. GOAL CC-10 Benefit the community by participating in regional, State, and national forums. Community Character CC - 13 December 2024 DRAFT Policy CC-10.1 Enhance Tukwila's interests through participation in regional, State, and national organizations and committees, and by developing partnerships that can benefit the City, its residents, businesses, and the natural environment. RELATED INFORMATION Tukwila Strategic Plan, 2012, amended 2018 Tukwila Capital Improvement Program, Biennial Budget 2023-2024 Food Access Research Atlas, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service Food Innovation Network Community Character CC - 14 December 2024 DRAFT Lasid Use WHAT YOU WILL FIND IN THIS CHAPTER: • Regional Requirements • Intentions for Growth • Designation of Land Uses • Subarea Planning Guidance PURPOSE The Land Use Element addresses the major land use issues facing the City of Tukwila over the next 20 years. The element considers the general distribution, location, intensity of land uses, and directs future growth. Countywide planning targets assign an additional 6,500 housing units and 15,890 new jobs by 2044, from the 2018 baseline year. Achieving these targets would total 63,074 jobs, 14,454 housing units and approximately 36,000 residents in the City. It provides a framework for the other elements of the comprehensive plan. The Growth Management Act establishes the Land Use Element as the basis for development regulations within the City and requires those land use regulations to be consistent with the goals and policies in this Element. Additionally, the element shall be consistent with Vision 2050 and the Countywide Planning Policies as described below. The following items are found in the Background Report: • Information on Land Capacity and Growth Targets • Community Demographics • Information on potential annexation areas and historical annexations • Current land use information ISSUES • Achieving Regional Growth Targets • Accommodating Growth while Maximizing Quality of Life • Capitalizing on Transit Investments in Tukwila • Land use compatibility Land Use December 2024 LU - 1 DRAFT Lake Washington EagleView Technologies, 71 Figure 1: Land Use Designations Land Use Designations CR - Community Residential HDR- High Density Res. MUO - Mixed Use Office ▪ O - Office RCC - Residential Com. Center NCC - Neighborhood Com. Center RC - Regional Com. District ▪ RCM - Regional Com. Mixed -Use C/LI - Com. / Light Ind. HI - Heavy Ind. LI - Light Ind. MIC/L- Manufacturing Ind. Center (Light) MIC/H - Manufacturing Ind.Center (Heavy) - TVS -Tukwila Valley South 1M TUC - Pond TUC - Regional Center • TUC - Commercial mi Corridor TUC - Workplace ▪ TUC-TOD Tukwila Urban Center North Tukwila F7Zl Manufacturing Industrial Center — R — Link Light Rail -- A — Sounder Commuter Rail L_1 City Limits r — -, Potential Annexation — J Area 0 0,5 1 Miles Land Use December 2024 LU - 2 DRAFT S 133rb ± 5 160th St Lake Washington EagleView Technologies, n Figure 2: Zoning Designations Zoning LDR - Low Density Res. MDR- Medium Density Res. H D R - High Density Res. MUO - Mixed Use Office _ O - Office RCC - Residential Com. Center NCC - Neighborhood Com. Center RC - Regional Com. District ▪ RCM - Regional Corn. Mixed -Use - C/LI - Com. / Light Ind. _ HI - Heavylnd. NI LI - Light Ind. MIC/L- Manufacturing Ind. Center (Light) ' MIC/H - Manufacturing Ind. Center (Heavy) ▪ TVS -Tukwila Valley South TUC - Pond TUC - Regional Center 1. . TUC - Commercial Corridor TUC - Workplace — TUC-TOD I__; Tukwila Urban Center North Tukwila Manufacturing Industrial Center n Link Light Rail - Sounder Commuter Rail _ 1 City Limits ▪ — Potential Annexation ▪ — J Area 0 0.5 1 Miles Land Use December 2024 LU-3 DRAFT GOALS & POLICIES Regional Roles and Obligations GOAL 1 POLICIES Land Use Policies are consistent with state, regional and county requirements, and are updated to integrate new information to enable informed decisions. Policy LU 1.1 Monitor and maintain comprehensive plan goals and policies that are consistent with county -wide and regional planning policies. Policy LU 1.2 Policy LU 1.3 Policy LU 1.4 Provide a consistent population projection throughout the plan, consistent with King County's sub -county allocation of that forecast for housing needs and employment targets. Utilize a buildable lands program that meets or exceeds the review and evaluation requirements of the Growth Management Act. The purposes of the buildable lands program are: a. To collect and analyze data on development activity, including land supply, zoning, development standards, land uses, critical areas, and capacity for residential, commercial, and industrial land uses in urban areas; b. To determine whether jurisdictions are achieving urban densities and planned growth consistent with comprehensive plans, countywide planning policies, and multicounty planning policies; and c. To evaluate the sufficiency of land capacity to accommodate growth for the remainder of the planning period. Regularly monitor the City's land use plan, development regulations, and standards to guide progress toward the City meeting its identified growth targets. Policy LU 1.5 Maintain a comprehensive land use map that designates future land use and urban growth areas. Land Use December 2024 LU-4 DRAFT Land Use Pattern Growth GOAL 2 Growth is actively guided and managed in a way that: • Preserves and enhances the quality of life and the diverse residential neighborhoods of the community, and serves them with vibrant business districts, open space, recreational facilities, affordable housing, and other supportive land uses; • Maximizes and leverages public infrastructure investments, including public transit facilities; • Protects environmentally critical areas and shorelines; and • Promotes economic development. POLICIES Policy LU 2.1 Promote a pattern of compact development within the City that includes housing in a range of urban densities, commercial and industrial development, and other urban facilities, including medical, governmental, institutional, educational uses and schools, and parks and open space. Policy LU 2.2 Policy LU 2.3 Policy LU 2.4 The Tukwila Urban Growth Area promotes a mix of uses that are convenient to, and support, public transportation, in an effort to reduce reliance on single -occupancy vehicle travel for most daily activities. Develop and use residential, commercial, and manufacturing land efficiently within the City to create healthy, vibrant, and equitable urban communities that offer a full range of urban services. Promote the efficient use of land within Tukwila by: 1. Focusing housing and employment growth and infill development in areas such as the City's designated regional centers, transit station areas, and locally designated local centers consistent with the goals of the Vision 2050 (the Regional Growth Strategy); 2. Optimizing the use of existing capacity for housing and employment; 3. Redeveloping underutilized lands, in a manner that considers equity and mitigates displacement; and 4. Coordinating plans for land use, transportation, schools, capital facilities, and services. Development activity in Tukwila shall be adhere to the policies listed in the Natural Environment Element. These policies are intended to ensure that the City's air, land, and water resources are restored and protected for future generations and are resilient to a changing climate. Policies guiding development in the Natural Environment include those that pertain to protecting and enhancing the functional and values of the City's environmentally critical areas; protecting water quality and Land Use December 2024 LU - 5 DRAFT quantity; ensuring stormwater best practices and natural flood attenuation are supported; and that the City's trees coverage is monitored and trees are supported. Comprehensive Plan Designations GOAL 3 POLICIES Residential Comprehensive Plan Designations provide general direction for desired land uses present in the designation or anticipated in future development in the designation over the planning period. Zoning Districts should correspond with Comprehensive Plan Designations when areas are redesignated as a new Zoning District (see table 1). Policy LU 3.1 Community Residential (CR) designated areas are characterized by a variety of low and medium -density housing types including but not limited to single-family, duplexes, triplexes, fourplexes, townhomes, cottage housing, courtyard apartments, accessory housing units, and their accessory uses, along with educational, institutional, and recreational uses. These uses and densities are modified where covered by the Commercial Redevelopment and Urban Renewal Overlays. Policy LU 3.2 Commercial High Density Residential (HDR) designated areas are characterized by larger and higher density multi -family buildings and their accessory uses, along with educational, institutional, and recreational uses. These uses and densities are modified where covered by the Commercial Redevelopment and Urban Renewal Overlays. Policy LU 3.3 Office (0) designated areas are characterized by professional and commercial office structures mixed with retail. Mixed Use Policy LU 3.4 Policy LU 3.5 Mixed Use Office (MUO) designated areas are characterized by professional and commercial office structures, mixed with retail and residential uses. These uses and densities are modified where covered by the Tukwila South Overlay. Neighborhood Commercial Center (NCC) designated areas are characterized and scaled to serve multiple residential areas with a diverse mix of uses. Uses include commercial; residential, including senior citizen housing; retail; service; office; and recreational and Land Use December 2024 LU - 6 DRAFT Policy LU 3.6 Policy LU 3.7 Policy LU 3.8 Policy LU 3.9 Policy LU 3.10 Industrial community facilities, generally along a transportation corridor. These uses are modified where covered by the Urban Renewal Overlay. Residential Commercial Center (RCC) designated areas are pedestrian - friendly areas characterized and scaled to serve a local neighborhood, with a diverse mix of uses. Uses include certain commercial; residential; retail; service; office; and recreational and community facilities. Regional Commercial (RC) designated areas are characterized by residential, mixed use, commercial services, offices, lodging, entertainment, and retail activities. Regional Commercial Mixed -Use (RCM) designated areas are areas characterized by commercial services, offices, lodging, entertainment, retail activities and associated warehousing, and certain accessory light industrial uses. Residential uses mixed with certain commercial uses are also allowed. The Tukwila Urban Center (TUC) designated Southcenter Urban Center subarea is intended to develop as a high -density, regionally oriented, mixed -use center. Residential development is encouraged in proximity to water amenities, or within walking distance of the Sounder commuter rail/Amtrak station or the bus transit center. It contains five sub -districts differentiated through uses and development standards: Regional Center (RC), Transit -Oriented Development (TOD), Pond (P), Commercial Corridor (CC), and Workplace (WP). The Tukwila Valley South (TVS) designated areas are characterized by high -intensity regional uses that include commercial services, offices, light industry, warehousing and retail, with heavy industrial subject to a Conditional Use Permit. Mixed -use residential is conditionally permitted within 500 feet of the Green River. These uses and densities are modified where covered by the Tukwila South Overlay. Policy LU 3.11 Commercial/Light Industrial (C/LI) designated areas are characterized by a mix of commercial, office or light industrial uses. Policy LU 3.12 Policy LU 3.13 Light Industrial (LI) designated areas are characterized by distributive and light manufacturing uses, with supportive commercial and office uses. Heavy Industrial (HI) designated areas characterized by heavy or bulk manufacturing uses and distributive and light manufacturing uses, with supportive commercial and office uses. These uses are modified where covered by the Tukwila South Overlay. Land Use December 2024 LU - 7 DRAFT Policy LU 3.14 Policy LU 3.15 Table 1 Manufacturing Industrial Center/ -Light (MIC/L) designated areas are a major regional employment area containing distributive, light manufacturing and limited office uses, with supportive commercial and office uses. Manufacturing Industrial Center/ -Heavy (MIC/H) designated areas are a major regional employment area containing distributive, light manufacturing and heavy manufacturing uses, with supportive commercial and office uses. Comprehensive Plan Designation Corresponding Zoning Classifications Residential Community Residential (CR) Community Residential (CR) Low Density Residential (LDR) Medium Density Residential (MDR) High Density Residential (HDR) High Density Residential (HDR) Commercial Office (0) Office (0) Mixed Use Mixed Use Office (MUO) Mixed Use Office (MUO) Neighborhood Commercial Center (NCC) Neighborhood Commercial Center (NCC) Regional Commercial (RC) Regional Commercial (RC) Residential Commercial Center (RCC) Residential Commercial Center (RCC) Regional Commercial Mixed Use (RCM) Regional Commercial Mixed Use (RCM) Tukwila Urban Center (Regional Growth Center) TUC -CC, TUC-P, TUC -RC, TUC-TOD, TUC- WP (Regional Growth Center) Tukwila Valley South (TVS) Tukwila Valley South (TVS) Industrial Commercial/Light Industrial (C/LI) Commercial/Light Industrial (C/LI) Light Industrial (LI) Light Industrial (LI) Heavy Industrial (HI) Heavy Industrial (HI) Manufacturing Industrial Center/- Light (MIC/L) (Regional Employment Center) Manufacturing Industrial Center/ - Light (MIC/L) (Regional Employment Center) Manufacturing Industrial Center/- Heavy(MIC/H) (Regional Employment Center) Manufacturing Industrial Center/- Heavy(MIC/H) (Regional Employment Center) Land Use December 2024 LU - 8 DRAFT Special Overlays GOAL 4 POLICIES Policy LU 4.1 Policy LU 4.2 Policy LU 4.3 Annexation Special Overlays are designated where appropriate to reflect unique public ownership, programs, agreements, or area specific intentions for development, amending or superseding the development standards of the underlying zoning district. Areas under the Public Recreation Overlay are owned or controlled by a public or quasi -public agency, which are dedicated for either passive or active public recreation use, or public education uses. Areas under the Tukwila South Overlay includes lands designated TVS, HI, LDR and MUO, and supersedes the provisions of the underlying zoning districts. It is intended to create a multi -use employment center containing high technology, office, commercial, retail and residential uses at the south end of the City. Areas under the Urban Renewal Overlay apply the Tukwila International Boulevard Revitalization and Urban Renewal Plans. The intent is to promote community redevelopment and revitalization, and to encourage investment that supports well -designed, compact, transit - oriented and pedestrian -friendly residential and business developments, to activate the community along Tukwila International Boulevard. GOAL 5 The annexation process will follow County guidance in a predictable, prescribed manner. POLICIES Policy LU 5.1 Coordinate with King County on Potential Annexation Areas and work to establish pre -annexation agreements that identify mutual interests and ensure coordinated planning and compatible development until annexation is feasible. Policy LU 5.2 Evaluate proposals to annex or incorporate urban unincorporated land based on the following criteria, as applicable: a. Conformance with Countywide Planning Policies including the Urban Growth Area boundary; b. The ability of the annexing or incorporating jurisdiction to efficiently provide urban services at standards equal to or better than the current service providers; c. The effect of the annexation or incorporation in avoiding or creating unincorporated islands of development; Land Use December 2024 LU - 9 DRAFT d. The ability of the annexing or incorporating jurisdiction to serve the area in a manner that addresses racial and social equity and promotes access to opportunity; and e. Outreach to community, the interest of the community in moving forward with a timely annexation or incorporation of the area. Essential Public Facilities GOAL 6 POLICIES Policy LU 6.1 Policy LU 6.2 Essential public facilities are sited in coordination with King County, the State, and/or other cities and tribes, with consideration being provided for environmental justice principles that address development of healthy communities for all. Ensure that any discussion of siting or expanding essential public facilities or facilities of regional importance use a process that incorporates broad public involvement, especially from historically marginalized and disproportionately burdened communities, and that impacts and benefits are equitably dispersed. Ensure that regional discussions of essential public facilities siting address climate change, equity, economic, and health impacts to communities. A Healthy and Equitable Community GOAL 7 POLICIES Policy LU 7.1 Policy LU 7.2 Policy LU 7.3 Tukwila offers a land use pattern, scale, and density that supports walking, biking, and transit, providing access to goods, services, education, employment, recreation, and access to culturally appropriate and nutritious food. Increase access to healthy and culturally relevant food in communities throughout the City by incentivizing the location of healthy food purveyors, such as grocery stores, farmers markets, urban agriculture programs, and community food gardens in proximity to residential uses and transit facilities, particularly in those areas with limited access to healthy food. Encourage locally based food production, distribution, and choice through urban agriculture, community gardens, farmers markets and food access initiatives. Adopt land use and community investment strategies that promote public health and address racially and environmentally disparate health outcomes and promote access to opportunity. Focus on residents with Land Use December 2024 LU - 10 DRAFT Policy LU 7.4 Policy LU 7.5 Policy LU 7.6 Policy LU 7.7 Policy LU 7.8 Policy LU 7.9 Policy LU 7.10 Policy LU 7.11 the highest needs in providing and enhancing opportunities for employment, safe and convenient daily physical activity, social connectivity, protection from exposure to harmful substances and environments, and housing in high opportunity areas. Evaluate the potential physical, economic, and cultural displacement of residents and businesses near high -capacity transit station areas, particularly for Black, Indigenous, and other People of Color communities; immigrants and refugees, low- income populations; disabled communities; and other communities at greatest risk of displacement. Use a range of strategies to mitigate identified displacement impacts. Mitigate potential displacement from City Actions through communication and collaboration with existing tenants, business and property owners, and seek to replace lost commercial and residential spaces within redevelopment. Emphasize preserving and replacing affordable housing in redevelopment. Mitigate new dense residential development from major sources of environmental pollutants to the extent possible. Link commercial areas located within approximately one -quarter mile of residential areas with high -quality pedestrian and bicycle access facilities. Encourage facilities and improvements that support transit use in new development, redevelopment, and street projects. Encourage development in a manner that supports the physical activity of community members. Reduce greenhouse gas emissions through land use strategies that promote a mix of housing, employment, and services at densities sufficient to encourage walking, bicycling, transit use, and other alternatives to auto travel, and by locating housing closer to areas of high employment. Land Use Compatibility and Nuisances GOAL 8 Land uses within and adjacent to the City are located and managed in a way that mitigate nuisances and health impacts to residents, workers, and businesses within the City of Tukwila. Land Use December 2024 LU - 11 DRAFT POLICIES Policy LU 8.1 Policy LU 8.2 Policy LU 8.3 Policy LU 8.4 Policy LU 8.5 Policy LU 8.6 Coordinate with neighboring cities, tribal governments, the Port of Seattle, King County, and other related entities to avoid or mitigate the potential cross -border impacts of urban development and encroachment of incompatible uses. Consider regulations, infrastructure investments, or other measures, as appropriate, to address major noise impacts to residents, workers, and businesses. Encourage increased residential density in areas with limited nuisance impacts. Avoid locating land uses and infrastructure that produce unhealthy noise, vibration, light, or odor levels in residential areas. Work with the Port of Seattle, King County Airport, and the Federal Aviation Administration to decrease adverse effects of airport operations on Tukwila and its residents. Ensure that zoning designations discourage the siting of incompatible uses adjacent to general aviation airports, and that proposed development adheres to Environmental Protection Agency and Federal Aviation Administration standards. Policy LU 8.7 Consider the potential impacts of development to culturally significant sites and tribal treaty fishing, hunting, and gathering grounds. Policy LU 8.8 Consider potential wildfire risk prevention measures in updates to development standards. Subareas in Tukwila Boeing Access Road Station Area GOAL 9 POLICIES Policy LU 9.1 The Boeing Access Road Infill Station is supported by planning efforts and accompanying development regulations which lead to transit - oriented development supporting housing and employment growth around the station area. Zoning and development regulations will be evaluated and amended to support transit -oriented development with consideration for long-term vision, compatibility, and equity. Land Use December 2024 LU - 12 DRAFT Policy LU 9.2 Policy LU 9.3 Policy LU 9.4 Policy LU 9.5 Tukwila South GOAL 10 POLICIES Policy LU 10.1 Policy LU 10.2 Policy LU 10.3 Policy LU 10.4 Prioritize non -motorized connections from nearby job centers and residential uses to the station area. Collaborate with King County Metro and Sound Transit to ensure areas that are currently underserved by transit benefit from the new station. Engage with neighboring jurisdictions, and regional bodies, to ensure coordination regarding planned infrastructure improvements, including station supportive bike and transit infrastructure. Consider changing infrastructure needs in capital improvement planning. Tukwila South becomes a regional destination, developed with high - quality mixed use, office, advanced manufacturing, high-tech, retail and residential uses, while protecting the environment and providing recreational opportunities. Ensure the development of Tukwila South results in a cohesive development pattern of compatible uses and neighborhoods. Design infrastructure to accommodate increased employment and residential density over time. Encourage development in Tukwila South to have internally integrated districts and uses, in addition to external connections to neighboring and regional assets. Construct a comprehensive amenity system in Tukwila South that leverages the area's assets. Tukwila International Boulevard District GOAL 11 The Tukwila International Boulevard (TIB) District is a thriving, walkable, well-rounded neighborhood and a desirable place to live, work, shop, worship, or play. At key locations on TIB, there are well -designed, pedestrian -oriented mixed -use centers or "nodes" with distinct character. Tukwila International Boulevard transitions from an auto dependent former state route toward a pedestrian focused corridor through road diet, enhanced pedestrian, and other traffic calming measures. Land Use December 2024 LU - 13 DRAFT POLICIES Policy LU 11.1 Continue to focus redevelopment efforts on carefully chosen "nodes" of more intensive development along TIB to maximize the impact of the City's investments, create momentum, and foster faith in the vision for the TIB district. Tukwila Village and Transit Oriented Development Nodes Policy LU 11.2 Policy LU 11.3 Ensure that the master plans for the Tukwila Village and TOD nodes encourage and incentivize the redevelopment of large parcels, promote assembly of smaller parcels, and identify opportunities for shared parking, pedestrian linkages, and subregional infrastructure needs, such as surface water and recreation. Focus master planning for the nodes on non -auto -oriented uses. Emphasize good pedestrian experiences and connections to nearby residential areas, businesses, and amenities. Policy LU 11.4 Ensure that the Zoning Code and design guidelines support the types of development envisioned in the nodes. Tukwila Village Node: South 144th and TIB Policy LU 11.5 Policy LU 11.6 Designate this area for an attractive, walkable, locally oriented mix of uses, including multifamily residential, neighborhood -serving retail and services, restaurants, civic and social gathering spaces, and other people -intensive and customer -oriented activities that build on the Tukwila Village project. Generate high levels of foot traffic vital to the success of the node by attracting an "anchor" that draws customers and allows them to park once and walk to adjacent retail. Tukwila Village Node: Transit -Oriented Development (TOD) Node at Tukwila International Boulevard Station Policy LU 11.7 Policy LU 11.8 Prioritize this area for a more intensive, transit -oriented mix of mid- to high-rise office, multifamily residential and hospitality uses and services, with structured parking that builds on the momentum of the Tukwila International Boulevard Station's proximity to SeaTac Airport and generates jobs for the community. Identify and promote an "identity" for the area around the Tukwila International Boulevard Station that is distinct from other stations along the LINK light rail alignment. Land Use December 2024 LU - 14 DRAFT Policy LU 11.9 Optimize opportunities for transit -supportive redevelopment in and around the station by partnering with the City of SeaTac and Sound Transit to shape TOD policies and practices in the master plan. Outside the Nodes: Land Use in Commercial and MultifamilyAreas Policy LU 11.10 On commercial properties along or near TIB, allow a diverse mix of uses, including residential, commercial services, retail, office, recreational and community facilities that are not in conflict with the TIB District vision of a walkable, pedestrian oriented neighborhood. Policy LU 11.11 Allow stand-alone multifamily residential buildings outside of the nodes. Policy LU 11.12 Policy LU 11.13 Encourage the redevelopment of commercial properties fronting TIB by allowing the aggregation of residentially zoned parcels with commercially zoned parcels fronting TIB, where such action: a. expands small and/or irregularly shaped commercial districts that can't be redeveloped per the overall goals for the area, b. encourages redevelopment of non -conforming use sites; and c. fronts and orients any commercial uses toward TIB. Encourage the aggregation of commercially zoned properties fronting TIB with adjacent commercially zoned properties to enhance the opportunities for redevelopment. TIB as a Main Street: Street Design GOAL 12 POLICIES The TIB District is a unique destination whose urban design and built form encourages people to prioritize pedestrian safety and comfort, explore the neighborhood, and enhance their quality of life. Policy LU 12.1 Traffic calming improvements prioritize comfortable and safe pedestrian movement. Policy LU 12.2 Policy LU 12.3 Combine standards for parking placement with building site layout to achieve the compactness of a consistent building wall and pedestrian orientation along streets within the TIB District, where appropriate. Use incentives to encourage commercial businesses and residential buildings to create a continuous building wall along the street edge and locate a primary entrance from the front sidewalk, as well as from off- street parking areas, in the TIB District where buildings are not required to locate at the back of sidewalk. Where buildings are required to locate at the back of sidewalk, require a primary entrance on or adjacent to the front sidewalk. Land Use December 2024 LU - 15 DRAFT GOAL 13 POLICIES Policy LU 13.1 Policy LU 13.2 TIB parking requirements are based on urban, rather than suburban, densities and needs and balance the need for parking with TIB urban design goals and policies that encourage transit use and walking. Parking requirements encourage dense development supported by major transit facilities and reflect the availability of transit service while accommodating the needs of residents, workers and visitors frequenting the area. Explore the potential for shared parking facilities for transit riders in developments within one-half mile walking distance of the Tukwila International Boulevard Station. Walkability and Connectivity GOAL 14 POLICIES Policy LU 14.1 A larger network of streets, sidewalks, trails, and other public spaces throughout the TIB District supports community interaction; connects neighborhoods, commercial areas, civic areas, and destinations; and improves community health. The TIB District's circulation network makes the neighborhood a great place to walk, provides mobility and safety for all users, encourages walking, bicycling, and use of public transit, and supports the envisioned land uses. Establish a more walkable and connected street network throughout the TIB District by investing in public sidewalks and requiring private redevelopment projects to organize site plan elements to allow for through connections. Policy LU 14.2 Consider supplemental and TIB District -specific micro -mobility transportation systems, such e-scooters and bike share. Policy LU 14.3 Work with transit agencies to expand transit service throughout the TIB District. Policy LU 14.4 Public transportation facilities in Tukwila are maintained to be safe, clean, and inviting. Community Texture and Diversity GOAL 15 The TIB District takes pride in the ethnic and economic diversity of the community. TIB has an authentic main street character that promotes the District's many positive attributes and draws local and regional visitors. Land Use December 2024 LU - 16 DRAFT POLICIES Policy LU 15.1 Policy LU 15.2 Policy LU 15.3 GOAL 16 POLICIES Policy LU 16.1 Policy LU 16.2 Policy LU 16.3 GOAL 17 POLICIES Policy LU 17.1 Strive to attract and retain locally owned and operated stores, especially specialty food stores, ethnic restaurants, service providers, and neighborhood -serving shops such as hardware stores. Activate public and private community gathering spaces with temporary events including food, art, music, pop -ups, and activities that leverage nearby assets, such as schools and cultural facilities, and reflect the international, multicultural character of the TIB area. Create a central space for permitted food trucks, pop -ups, and farmers' markets where residents and visitors will gather and sample the multicultural flavor of the TIB area. The TIB District has stable neighborhoods, and residents and businesses that are actively engaged in improving the quality of life in the area. Encourage private landowners to maintain and upgrade their property to protect the neighborhood from adverse impacts of vacant and underutilized sites and blighted buildings and structures. Identify and support "champions" or leaders in the business community who will carry the vision for the TIB area and build community interest and commitment among diverse stakeholders. Strengthen the City's engagement with the area's business community and cultivate the success of the entrepreneurs and small businesses, including businesses owned by refugees, immigrants and non -fluent English speakers. The TIB District is one of the safest places in South King County. Continue working with Sound Transit to reduce crime at the Tukwila International Boulevard Station. Policy LU 17.2 Work with community to identify and address safety concerns in TIB District. Land Use December 2024 LU - 17 DRAFT Policy LU 17.3 Consider safety in design of streets, sidewalks and public infrastructure to enhance safety for pedestrians, cyclists and other active transportation users. Public and Private Investment GOAL 18 POLICIES Policy LU 18.1 Policy LU 18.2 Policy LU 18.3 Policy LU 18.4 Policy LU 18.5 Policy LU 18.6 Policy LU 18.7 Policy LU 18.8 Policy LU 18.9 Public and private investment has catalyzed greater private investment in the TIB District which has created additional development and business success and increased the overall pace of redevelopment. Invest public funds in the infrastructure and public amenities necessary to catalyze private investment, stimulate the location of businesses and housing, and create an attractive neighborhood. Invest public funds strategically to acquire and assemble substandard parcels, to remove blighted uses, or make current land holdings more developable. Continue to form public/private partnerships and leverage private investment through incentives, and limited large-scale development agreements where appropriate Consider using City funding and City -owned property to offset development costs of market rate housing in "pioneering" residential or mixed -use projects. Utilize developer incentives and funding strategies that would attract uses desired by the community, improve a project's performance, and make redevelopment financially attractive to developers. Identify barriers to development in TIB and use available tools, including MFTE, zoning reform, parking reform, etc., to eliminate barriers and encourage new development supporting community needs. Encourage coordinated stormwater detention and treatment for several properties as opposed to multiple individual systems, when possible, to provide more effective stormwater management, greater environmental benefit, and cost efficiency. Emphasize self-sustaining, living wage employment opportunities within the District. Encourage broad -scale marketing of the TIB area, and Tukwila as a whole, in order to draw from a broader array of potential employers. Land Use December 2024 LU - 18 DRAFT Regioiae eeNEers WHAT YOU WILL FIND IN THIS CHAPTER: • A vision and description for the City's two designated centers, the Southcenter area and Manufacturing and Industrial Center; • A discussion of regional planning policies for urban centers; • A discussion of relevant issues and opportunities to be addressed to ensure that Tukwila's regional centers achieve the City's Vision for them; and • Goals and Policies to guide future development in Tukwila's regional centers PURPOSE The purpose of this element is to discuss the City's two Regional Centers and the priorities identified for each. Regional Centers in the Puget Sound By the year 2050, the central Puget Sound region will add another million and a half people, reaching a population of 5.8 million. In order to ensure that all residents benefit from the region's growth, cities in the King, Snohomish, Pierce, and Kitsap counties, plus Tribes and other partners have worked together with PSRC to develop VISION 2050. VISION 2050 established the region's plan for how we can collectively provide an exceptional quality of life, opportunity for all, connected communities, a spectacular natural environment, and an innovative, thriving economy. To achieve that goal, the plan includes a Regional Growth Strategy that focuses growth in centers and near transit, with the goal of sustaining and creating different types of urban communities, while preserving the region's working resource lands and open spaces. The Regional Growth Strategy assumes 65% of the region's population growth and 75% of the region's job growth will locate in the regional growth centers and near high -capacity transit. Two of the 30 designated Centers are located in Tukwila — the Southcenter Urban Center and the Tukwila Manufacturing and Industrial Center along the Duwamish River. These centers are discussed in the following two sections. Regional Centers RC - 1 December 2024 DRAFT SOUTHCENTER TUKWILA URBAN CENTER Tukwila's Southcenter area is intended to develop as a high -density, regionally oriented, mixed- use center. In 1995, the Southcenter area was designated as a regional growth center by the Puget Sound Regional Council's (PSRC) Vision 2050, and as an urban center under the King County Countywide Planning Policies. The vision for Southcenter has remained consistent since that time. Housing and employment growth targets, capacity and land use assumptions for Centers and the City as a whole can be found in the table below. Adopted Growth Target Land Use Assumptions for Travel Demand Modeling Zoned Development Capacity County or citywide Population Approximately 13,070 additional (from 2024 baseline of 22,930) 17,379 21,228 Employment 15,890 new jobs (2019-2044) 16,155 30,675 Housing 6,500 new net units (2019-2044) 6,729 8,219 Centers Tukwila Urban Center (TUC) 45 activity units per acre, currently 22 Population 3,011 7,132 Employment 1,185 5,902 Housing 1,166 2,714 Manufacturing/Industrial Center (MIC) Population 0 - - Employment 20,000 total jobs 1,905 1,604 Housing 0 - - Urban centers are described in the Countywide Planning Policies as areas of concentrated employment and housing, with direct service by high -capacity transit. They encompass a wide range of land uses, including retail, recreation, public facilities, parks, residential, and open space. They encourage the growth of each urban center as a unique, vibrant community that is attractive to live and work. Centers should support efficient public services including transit and respond to local needs and markets for jobs and housing. Regional Centers RC- 2 December 2024 DRAFT In Vision 2050, growth centers are intended to be compact areas of high -intensity residential and employment development, with a mix of land uses including housing, jobs, recreation, and shopping. Thedesignationofregionalgrowthcenters isakeyelement oftheregionalstrategyto preserve resource lands and protect rural lands from urban - type development by promoting infill and redevelopment within urban areas to create more compact, walkable, sustainable and transit- friendly communities. These strategies direct the majority of the region's employment and housing growth to urban centers in the form of compact, sustainable communities where housing and jobs are located in a manner that provides for easy mobility and accessibility. Urban centers are also given priority bytransit providers forfixed-railtransit service and other transit service and facility improvements. The idea is to help ensure the long-term economic viability and competitivenessof urban centers inthe region as energycosts escalate, congestion increases and consumer preferences shift. Tukwila is also designated as a Core City under Vision 2050. Core cities are major cities with regionally designated growth centers. They are intended to accommodate a significant share of future growth, contain key hubs for the region's long-range multimodal transportation system, and are major civic, cultural and employment centers within their counties. In 2002,Tukwila began creating an urban center planfortheSouthcenter area. The Plan focused on retaining the urban center's competitive edge and economic strength as retail development grows within the region. At that time, the City recognized that an urban center of regional significance creates benefits for all ofTukwila. Participants in the six public workshops supported the following ideas: 1. Making the Southcenter area a more attractive destination for shopping and leisure activities; 2. Relieving critical congestion points, improving circulation, and making alternative modes of transportation available; 3. Supporting existing businesses and attracting new; and 4. Creating opportunities for residential development in appropriate areas. Public investment in keyareaswillsupport progress towards the community's vision of enhanced and diversified economic vitality. Southcenter policies support and expand the qualities of the Center that have generated its economic success: ■ Land use polices are flexible to support diverse uses. ■ Urban design policies implement the community's vision, to be achieved through public and private sector initiative and cooperation. ■ Site and streetscape policies emphasize accessibility as a key factor, as well as choice in transportation modes. Regional Centers RC- 3 December 2024 DRAFT These policies will reinforce future competitiveness and will create an urban center that gives identity to the City. ISSUES Southcenter currently provides regional comparison shopping, major discount shopping, major facilities for incubator businesses, entertainment, and a full range of professional services. It includes intensely developed areas such as Westfield Southcenter Mall and Andover Industrial Park, transportation facilities such as the Sounder commuter rail/Amtrak station, and natural features and amenities such as Tukwila Pond, Minkler Pond, and the GreenRiver. Retail uses dominate Southcenter; Westfield Southcenter Mall, in the northwest corner of the center, is the largest regional shopping mall in the Seattle area. Warehouse uses are more prominent in the area to the south. A goal of growth management is to integrate housing, job growth, and services in order to reduce the need for long commutes, and to keep living and working communities easily accessible to each other. As a significant employment center, Southcenter already provides jobs to residents and nearby communities. However, considerable residential development is needed inthe urban center to meettheCity's housingtargets. Thevision for Southcenter includes expanded opportunities for housing, accommodating a significant portion of the City's projected housing needs, and addressing the types of amenities and infrastructure needed to attract quality housing and create a connected, dynamic urban environment. Southcenter's future of higher-densitygrowth willtake place during and beyond the 20- year horizon oftheCountywide policies. While urban centers playan integral role inthe regionalvision,theCountywide policies require the form and function of these centers to be determined atthe local level. Vision Statement The vision for Southcenter's next 20-40 years foresees: ■ a high -density area with housing and regional employment; ■ walkable —as well as auto -oriented —shopping and entertainment districts; ■ areas of high -quality housing near water amenities and within walking distance ofthe Sounder commuter rail/Amtrak station and the new bus transit center;and ■ recreational opportunities for businesspeople, residents, and visitors. Support for interlinked transit and a pedestrian system to supplement an improved road network are included in the future, as well as sensitively enhancing the accessibility to the Regional Centers RC- 4 December 2024 DRAFT City's natural amenities, such as Tukwila Pond, Minkler Pond and the Green River. The land use, design, and transportation policies oftheSouthcenter Plan focus on keepingthe area's successful economic engine running. TomakeSouthcenter morecompetitive and attractive overthe long term, the Plan aims to transition Southcenter into a great place for working, shopping, doing business, Living, and playing. Great places contribute to the well- being of people and communities. An area made up of great places will continue to attract people and maintain economic vitality. Economic success, in turn, provides the City of Tukwila the fiscal means to continue providing our community with excellent public services and improvements. Southcenter, Tukwila's urban center, is currently an economically vibrant, motor vehicle - oriented area. It owes much of its success to a high level of regional accessibility and —in the past —a lack of competition within the region, as well as the 30+ year vision and vigor of its development community. Achieving the long-range vision of an economically and environmentally sustainable community is anticipated to be a gradual process. It should be pursued by reinforcing Southcenter's strengths and increasing its overall attractiveness through a combination of public and private investment. This would support both new and existing businesses and the continuation of market -sensitive transitions. Notable future features of the Southcenter Subarea Plan that will implement the Vision include: ■ Improved connection between Westfield Southcenter Mall and Tukwila Pond Park. ■ A core area of high -quality walkable retail, entertainment, housing, public spaces, and employment creating a memorable destination within the region. ■ Anchor areas linked by frequent transit service (5-to-10-minute buses or shuttles), enhanced with public and private pedestrian facilities, and development standards supporting this type of built environment. ■ High -quality transit and pedestrian facilities, focusing on creating strong connections between the Mall and the Sounder commuter rail/Amtrak station. ■ Overall improvements to the network of streets, trails, sidewalks, and other infrastructure. ■ Encouragement of a pedestrian -oriented environment through building and streetscape design standards and guidelines. ■ Sub -districts differentiated through uses and development standards. Regional Centers RC- 5 December 2024 DRAFT Southcenter's Boundaries Northern — Properties south of Interstate 405 Southern — 180th Street, with some properties on south side of the street Eastern — The center of the Green River between 180th Street and the southern boundary of properties that abut the south side of the Strander Boulevard alignment, thence eastward to the City limits Western — Toe of west valley wall Tukwila Urban Center (Southcenter) Baker.Blvd 0 0.25 0.5 Mi 9/16/202-1 Regional Centers RC- 6 December 2024 DRAFT MANUFACTURING/INDUSTRIAL CENTER Tukwila's Manufacturing/Industrial Center (MIC) is one of ten such employment centers in King County, established through a designation process outlined by the Growth Management Planning Council (Figure I). It comprises an area of 998 acres along the Duwamish River, bounded generally by the City of Seattle on the north, South 125th Street on the south, the Burlington Northern railway right -of- way on the east, and the Duwamish River on the west (Figure 2). The area is already economically healthy, but opportunities exist to improve its usefulness and competitive position. This element of the Comprehensive Plan addresses these opportunities and recommends policies for realizing them. ISSUES Figure I — King County MIC Designated Areas There are more than 100 businesses located in the Manufacturing/Industrial Center, with a large employment base, much of it in manufacturing. The Center is an integral source of direct (property tax) and indirect (sales tax) revenues received by Tukwila. The Center is characterized by light to heavy manufacturing uses, storage facilities, office development, small areas of commercial development along arterials, and a few older residences. The southern third of King County International Airport occupies 175 acres of the Center, and there are County plans to redevelop this portion of the airfield as leases lapse. (Figure 4) The Boeing Company and the King County International Airport collectively control the largest proportion of the North Tukwila MIC. While business needs may change in the future, the Boeing Company's current use of this area comprises a mix of warehouse, manufacturing, engineering, laboratory, office, research, and development. This mix of use produces a stable employment environment within the area, with a focus on manufacturing, engineering, research, and development. Figure 3 —Tukwila MIC: Jobs by Sector Regional Centers December 2024 RC- 7 DRAFT Legend l._.._.! Tukwila City Limits L Manufacturing! Industrial Center 200' Shoreline Buffer Zone on bath sides of the river Zoning Di9tricls M1C1H-Manufacturing Industrial Center/Heavy Industrial MIC)L-Manufacturing Industrial Center/Light Industnal Because the Center is an established industrial area, an adequate infrastructure has been in place and maintained for many years. The Center is a major distribution hub well- served by automobile, truck, air, rail, and water transportation facilities. Congestion represents a problem, however, partly owing to the high number of single -occupancy vehicles. A number of street and intersection improvements will be necessary to maintain acceptable levels of service. Regional proposals for commuter rail and local rapid rail systems that include service to and through Tukwila could also provide travel alternatives for area employees and regional travelers. Regional Centers RC- 8 December 2024 DRAFT Figure 4 —Tukwila MIC: Current land use Tukwila's Manufacturing/Industrial Center is a major area of employment, providing significant property and sales tax for the City, while much of the center is occupied by the Boeing Company, the center is also characterized by other manufacturing, storage, office uses, and limited older residential development. In addition, many smaller production companies located in the MIC due to its central location. A portion of King County International Airport (Boeing Field) is located inside the North Tukwila MIC, at the far north end of the City. The center joins with Seattle's Duwamish MIC, extending the industrial corridor south along the Duwamish. The center is a major regional distribution hub, well served by auto, truck, air, rail, and water transportation. The deferred Boeing Access Road Link Light Rail Station is moving forward as part of the Sound Transit 3 (ST3) package. It will add a new elevated station in the vicinity of S Boeing Access Rd, E Marginal Way, and 1-5 along existing Link 1 Line, bridging the 5.5-mile gap between Rainier Beach and Tukwila International Boulevard stations. This project has been a Tukwila priority for many years, as it will provide connections to the Duwamish Manufacturing/Industrial Center and increase light rail access in southern Seattle and northern Tukwila neighborhoods. A consultant has been hired to complete alternatives analysis and the Sound Transit Board is scheduled to pick a preferred alternative in Q3 2024, with the station expected to open in 2031. GOALS, POLICIES AND STRATEGIES Southcenter Urban Center The following goals, policies and strategies reflect the established vision for Southcenter. These policieswillhelp achievethe desired form andfunction ofTukwila's urban center overthe 30- to 50-year planning period. These goals and policies cover the issues of land use, urban development, and transportation and circulation. They support development and protection of the long-term economic and environmental sustainability of Southcenter by fostering an attractive and functional environment to live and recreate, as well as retain its reputation as a good place to work, shop, and do business. Goal RC-S-I Land Use: Southcenter will contain an intense, diverse mix of uses, which will evolve over time. The character and pace of this change will be set by a combination of guidelines, regulations, incentives, marketconditions, and proactive private/publicactions,whichwill reinforce existing strengths Regional Centers December 2024 RC- 9 Flat roofs omam.nled v ilh anudarel expression Mrahrtahral elenwms ro CMafe vertical. app.mand DRAFT and open new opportunities. The desire for a high -quality environment for workers, visitors and residents will also drive this character transition. ➢ LAND USE POLICIES Policy RC-S-1.1 Policy RC-S-1.2 Policy RC-S-1.3 Southcenter Character. Raise awareness of Southcenter as a regional commercial/industrial area, with opportunitiesforhigh-quality,mixed- usetransit-oriented development including housing, served by a balance of auto, pedestrian, bicycle, and transit facilities (Figures 10-2 and 10- 3). Private and Public Investment. Private and public investment will be aimed at facilitating and encouraging overall growth and redevelopment in Southcenter. Tukwila Urban Center(Southcenter) "Districts." Southcenter encompasses a relatively large area containing a wide variety of uses. To create a more coherenturbanformandenhancetheCenter's long-term competitive edge within the region, guide development and change to create distinct areas, or districts, where the character, forms, types of uses and activities benefit, complement and support each other. Figure 10-2: Envisioned High -Density Development in Tukwila Defined building bays to break ap length of building mil :. Mill 11011 _11111 .. `ate Up : ;1I10 hill 'dill' 41. _t ern i�i� n �� f;� 91 If _ •� it l Canopies ord w.rflnnga to shelter pedeshionS Grand entrance iwlure identified by massing and dnailing. Transparent Facade at ground floor Figure 10-3: Envisioned Medium -Density Development in Tukwila Policy RC-S-1.4 Less Irenape.enl only at caper stories !W.-friar-waled bu;ldtog facade Tukwila Urban Center (Southcenter) Residential Uses. To provide a diverse set of housing alternatives and locations, a large percentage of the City'sfuture housing needswillbeaccommodated in the urban center. Residential development is especiallyencouraged in proximityto water amenities or within walking distance of the Sounder commuter Regional Centers RC- 10 December 2024 DRAFT GOAL RC-S-2 rail/Amtrak station or the bus transit center, subject to design standards and incentives. Urban Development: The northern portion of the Southcenter area will contain a central focus area. Throughout Southcenter, the natural and built environments are attractive, functional, environmentally sustainable, and distinctive, and support a range of mixed uses promoting business, shopping, recreation, entertainment, and residential opportunities. ➢ URBAN DEVELOPMENT POLICIES Policy RC-S-2.1 Policy RC-S-2.2 Policy RC-S-2.3 Natural Environment: Recognize, protect, and enhance the open space network by: augmenting existing parks; enhancing access to passive and active recreation areas such asTukwila Pond,Minkler Pond, andthe Green River; and byimproving air and water quality and preserving natural resources, thereby effectively integrating the natural and built environments in Southcenter. In addition, recognize that open space amenities are attractors for awide range of uses, including housing and office (Figure X). Streets, Streetscape, and Pedestrian Environment. Create a "complete street" network that establishes a finer -grained street grid; reflects the demand and need for motor vehicles, transit, pedestrians, and bicyclists; and provides a safe, convenient, attractive, and comfortable pedestrian and bicycling environment. Ensure that street design eliminates potential conflicts, promotes safety for all modes of travel, and maintains emergency services response capabilities. Reinforce the different functions of streets by creating distinct identities for major rights -of -way (Figure 10-5). Site Development. Create regulations and design guidelines that result in high -quality sitedesign and enjoyable and safepedestrian environments, using site design techniques that include but are not limited to: ■ integrating architectural, site design and landscape elements. ■ supporting motor vehicle, transit service, and pedestrian traffic by ensuring that new development and infrastructure are designed and constructed consistent with adopted standards and subarea plans. ■ using physical and natural elements that enhance an area's overall aesthetic, including orienting a building to the street (Figure 10-6). ■ extending the street grid system Regional Centers RC- 11 December 2024 DRAFT Policy RC-S-2.4 Policy RC-S-2.5 Policy RC-S-2.6 Policy RC-S-2.7 Policy RC-S-2.8 Policy RC-S-2.9 Pedestrian Accessibility. Ensure that pedestrians have safe, convenient, and comfortable paths from adjacent public ways to key building entrances. This could include utilizing driveways or internal streets with sidewalks for access to primary entrances, or by providing clearly marked pathways through large parking lots from the public sidewalks and from parked cars to key building entrances. There should be minimum interruption to the pedestrian pathway by driveways and other vehicular conflicts (Figure 10-7). Siting and orientation of buildings and parking lots should create an environment that is conducive to walking in the northern part of the Southcenter area, particularly in the area between the Mall, the bus transit center, Tukwila Pond, and the Sounder commuter rail/Amtrak station. Require interior vehicular connection between adjacent parking areas wherever possible. Development standards will consider the needs of landowners, developers, businesses, and the community. Parking. Ensure an adequate supply of parking for visitors, employees, residents, and customers. Provide a variety of flexible regulations, strategies, and programs to meet, and over the longer term reduce, parking demands. Ongoing needs will also be assessed to ensure appropriate parking requirements and to encourage efficient and effective use of land in parking design. Building Design. Promote high quality architecture in Southcenter, with attention to standards and guidelines that: ■ Promote an appropriate display of scale and proportion. ■ Give special attention to developing pedestrian -oriented features and streetfront activityareas such asground floor windows, modulated building facades, and rich details in material andsignage. ■ Provide quality landscape treatment that emphasizes shade trees. ■ Provide an appropriate relationship to adjacent sites and features. ■ Encourage overall building quality, and sensitivity to — and respect for — the area's important natural amenities such as the Green River and Tukwila Pond. ■ Include property owners in developing urban design guidelines to ensure that the intent of this policy is met. Regional Centers RC- 12 December 2024 DRAFT Policy RC-S-2.10 Signage. Develop a directional sign program to aid pedestrians, bicyclists, and motorists in wayfindingthrough Southcenter. Policy RC-S-2.11 Work collaboratively with Southcenter property owners, businesses, and community members to implement the vision for Southcenter, assess the potential to catalyze development intheSouthcenter area, and form an economic redevelopment strategy. Manufacturing Industrial Center GOAL RC-MIC-1 POLICIES Support for existing industrial activities in the Manufacturing/ Industrial Center and development of new industrial activity, in order to maximize the employment and economic benefits to the people of Tukwila and the region, while minimizing impacts on residential neighborhoods. Policies are designed to take advantage of the development and improvement opportunities offered by the MIC and to realize its full revenue and employment potential. Support New Development Policy RC-MIC-1.1 Support the efforts of existing industries to expand and new industrial businesses to develop in the Manufacturing/Industrial Center by providing them with economic data, information on available development sites, help in understanding and getting through the permit processes, and other appropriate assistance. PolicyRC-MIC-1.2 Assist landowners in remediating site problems caused by contaminated soil. Simplify Permit Processing These policies aim at reducing unpredictable permit conditions and permit review time. PolicyRC-MIC-1.3 Develop appropriate permit processes that minimize lengthy public review and simplify the development permit process, while providing meaningful opportunities for citizen input and protecting the environment. PolicyRC-MIC-1.4 Tailor Manufacturing/Industrial Center shoreline requirements to achieve consistency between Shoreline and MIC element goals and policies. Regional Centers RC- 13 December 2024 DRAFT Protect the Land Resource The land in the Manufacturing/Industrial Center must be used effectively to allow it to generate its potential of high -wage jobs and public revenue. Policy RC-MIC-1.5 Allow uses that are commonly associated with manufacturing and industry, including those directly supporting such activity, such as offices and laboratories, while limiting unrelated uses. PolicyRC-MIC-1.6 Develop and designate appropriate zoning, buffers, mitigation, and access opportunities where manufacturing zoning directly abuts or impacts residential zoning so that MIC uses may operate without significant degradation of the residential environment. Protect Adjacent Non -Industrial Land Uses from Negative Health Impacts PolicyRC-MIC-1.7 Minimize or mitigate potential health impacts of the activities in manufacturing/ industrial center on residential communities, schools, open space, and other public facilities. Improve Duwamish River Access The Duwamish River as a natural amenity can be an asset to the industrial community. PolicyRC-MIC-1.8 Support the Duwamish River becoming a natural feature amenity in the MIC PolicyRC-MIC-1.9 Improve public access and use of the west side of the river, protecting owner's rights to reasonable use and enjoyment, improve employee access to the east side of the river, and emphasize restoration on both sides of the river. Improve Transportation Flow Work with other governmental agencies to address transportation problems. PolicyRC-MIC-1.10 Reduce reliance on the single- occupancy vehicle for transportation of employees in and out of the MIC. Continue Intergovernmental Coordination Work with other jurisdictions as required to ensure that the economic purpose of the MIC is fulfilled. PolicyRC-MIC-1.11 Make appropriate adjustments to the boundaries between Tukwila, King County and Seattle. Regional Centers RC- 14 December 2024 DRAFT PolicyRC-MIC-1.11 Work with other jurisdictions to bring about necessary changes in laws and regulations and to develop other approaches to solving common problems. RELATED INFORMATION Southcenter ■ Vision 2050, Puget Sound Regional Council, 2020 ■ King County Countywide Planning Policies, November 2023 ■ Growth Transportation Efficiency Center (GTEC) Program, 2007 Manufacturing/Industrial Center Two MIC Reports (and their supporting documents) were prepared in 2010 and 2011 —these were not updated for this Comprehensive Plan Update. They will be revisited at a future date for compliance with Puget Sound Regional Council requirements: ■ MIC Background Report, 2010 ■ MIC Issues and Opportunities Report, 2011 o Attachment A: Business Stakeholder Survey Summary, 2011 o Attachment B: MIC Business Survey Tabulation, 2011 In 1997, the City developed a Draft Environmental Impact Statement for the Manufacturing Industrial Center Implementation Plan. That document included three elements: a revised shoreline plan for the area; a subarea plan; and proposed regulatory changes, including a SEPA Planned Action (where project level environmental review is completed during the subarea plan phase and development standards review). In the intervening 25+ years, the City has determined that this work should be updated again before its original intended purposes are continued. A recommendation to update this analysis may emerge following the work to update the City's Centers plans required by the Puget Sound Regional Council. The original document is linked below: ■ MIC Integrated GMA Implementation Plan ("Planned Action"), 1997 Regional Centers RC- 15 December 2024 • �fr City of Tukwila •r t Comprehensive Plan Housing Element WHAT YOU WILL FIND IN THIS CHAPTER: • Estimates of current and future housing needs; and • Policies to preserve and improve the existing housing stock; encourage new housing that meets the full spectrum of the community's needs; and develop thriving, equitable neighborhoods. Purpose This Housing element describes how Tukwila's housing needs will be satisfied through 2044. This element is based on a detailed analysis of Tukwila's housing needs contained in the Housing Background Report; housing projections determined by ajoint committee including King County and its cities; and community engagement input. The goals and policies seek to guide City actions related to housing, including decisions related to development regulations, affordable housing, and other programs. In the coming years, the City will need to plan for growth while ensuring the existing and future housing stock serves the changing needs of Tukwila's population, reducing barriers that prevent low- and moderate - income households from living near their work or transit, and preserving housing that is affordably priced. Tukwila's future must include thriving, equitable neighborhoods where everyone has the opportunity to live in a safe, healthy, and affordable home in the "City of opportunity and the community of choice". Tukwila Neighborhoods Tukwila's residential neighborhoods are geographic areas, some with distinct boundaries such as waterways and freeways, and others with less obvious boundaries based on time of annexation. These neighborhoods are a mix of smaller -lot, built -out residential areas predominately built before World War II, large multi -family apartment complexes built in the 1960s, 70s, and 80s, and newer areas characterized by larger houses. From the Comprehensive Plan's adoption in 1994 to the present, Tukwila residents have described the City as having a distinct character focused on community and livability. The ten residential neighborhoods identified in previous Plan updates are shown in Figure 1. December 2024 DRAFT Housing Element Page 1 of 9 & City of Tukwila h Comprehensive Plan Slath St 1OTthst•a '0 TUKWILA'S RESIDENTIAL NEIGHBORHOODS a - t28 St Caa�e�aY4Y S 130th St e vl p� T..ter 5 ST30thSt } .a i £ a s s fie, r f. S135thSt Fi, w P 4)4 *+ P Iii st oSt SI vo y�'` s ascade V i a S T34th St ra S1dDth St a ▪ onus�o-eS 9,e 3 ¢ ▪ a S 142nd St iii .p - - �, 5144th St • �' • S 144th St S 148th S! cr3 1 6. S 142 hSl G.24t GI S 150th St En y C.- ▪ tp7 5 T52nd St m . u' S153EdSt u. • 0. fA SailthOenk,$iY,, i ..,.. v4^f kJ.: Q fc 73 • s1st i - N Y S 158th St —` S 16 9t h St Figure 1: Residential Neighborhoods am 5 164th 5t k ▪ (11 Tukwila Pkwy December 2024 DRAFT Housing Element Page 2 of 9 • �fr City of Tukwila •r t Comprehensive Plan Issues In developing the goals and policies for Tukwila's Housing Element, the following issues were identified. Housing Stock • Building age: Almost half of Tukwila housing units are more than fifty years old, and most units were constructed between 1960 and 1980. As of 2023, only a tenth of the existing units were constructed since 2000. Older buildings can be more expensive to maintain, especially for cost -burdened residents. If well -maintained and protected from displacement, however, these units can offer a naturally occurring affordable housing (NOAH) reservoir. • Housing size: Housing units available for rent tend to consist of studios and 1- and 2- bedroom units, while ownership units tend to have 3 or 4 bedrooms. However, renter households tend to be larger than homeowner households, creating a mismatch between need and availability. • Vacancy rates: Tukwila has very low vacancy rates. In 2021, the rental vacancy rate was 1.3% and the ownership vacancy rate was 1.4%. Low vacancy rates indicate a lack of housing supply, which makes it more difficult for existing residents and prospective renters and buyers to identify housing that might best suit them. Figure 2. Housing of different designs, ownership arrangements, and prices help meet the diverse needs of Tukwila residents. Home Ownership Options and Middle Housing Having a range of housing types to choose from facilitates a wider range of households being able to purchase a home. Homeownership can offer greater stability (vs. renting), as well as can provide the opportunity to build wealth and strengthen a household's resilience against the risk of displacement. December 2024 DRAFT Housing Element Page 3 of 9 • �fr City of Tukwila •r t Comprehensive Plan Currently, most of Tukwila's housing stock consists of older single-family homes, and apartments in large multi -family developments. These limited options do not accommodate residents in all stages of life, including young adults, multigenerational families, older adults hoping to "age in place," and older adults looking to downsize. Single family houses, the only housing type allowed on most residential lots in Tukwila, are also generally the most expensive type of housing to purchase and develop per unit, meaning new units are financially out of reach for many households. "Middle housing" includes duplexes, townhouses, cottages, courtyard apartments, and other building types that fall between single family detached houses and high -density apartments. Middle housing tends to be more affordable to build and offers a greater variety of layouts and sizes that are better suited to the range of household types in Tukwila. Expanding the areas in which middle housing is allowed could help create new "starter homes" and offer the advantages of homeownership to a new generation. Figure 3. Middle housing illustrations. Housing Projections The Puget Sound Regional Council — the regional planning organization that develops growth projections — estimates that Tukwila will need a total of 14,454 housing units by 2044, or 5,223 more than the City's most recent 2024 estimate of (9,231 units), as shown in Table 1. To achieve this growth, roughly 240 new units will need to be developed every year. Achieving this target would increase the City's population to approximately 36,000 residents in 2044. Historically, there has been a large gap between the City's growth target and number of housing units actually constructed in the target period, although housing production increased since 2018, partly due to modified development regulations in the Southcenter urban center, and new development along Tukwila International Boulevard. Due to the slow growth, the King County Urban Growth Capacity recommends that the City adopt "reasonable measures" to accelerate housing production, potentially including changes to zoning, permitting procedures, or other measures. Table 1. Tukwila Housing Capacity and 2044 Targets 2018 Baseline Additional Unit/ Job Target I 2044 Total Target Housing (Units) 7,954 6,500 14,454 Source: King County Urban Growth Capacity Report, 2021, and the City of Tukwila December 2024 DRAFT Housing Element Page 4 of 9 • .V n City of Tukwila Comprehensive Plan Analysis of Tukwila's current zoning shows that the City has a total capacity for 7,475 new housing units within its zones that allow residential development, including anticipated housing units from projects in the development pipeline. Antiquated development regulations and extended permitting timelines, however, continue to inhibit and create barriers to new construction. Affordable Housing Targets and Anti -Displacement Concerns Under the Growth Management Act, cities and counties work together to plan for a sufficient supply of housing affordable to all income levels.' Since 2021, cities and counties have coordinated to identify equitable individual housing targets that will meet regional housing needs. Tukwila's targets are shown in 2 below. Table 2. Tukwila Housing Supply and Need by Income Income band Share of Existing Units Share of Existing Share of New Unit Needed Households Target Housing Units Extremely low (0-30% AMI) Very low (30-50% AMI) 4% 26% 23% 19% 21% 1367* 4% 274 35% 18% 10% 7% 16% 3% 214 12% 19% 610 30% 11% 51% 692 3,343 With a significant supply of relatively affordable housing present in Tukwila, the City is already contributing significantly to countywide affordability. It is important to note that newly developed units available at costs lower than 120% AMI can be allocated to the >120% AMI level for target purposes. As new homes are created, it will be important to act to reduce impacts on vulnerable communities in Tukwila. These impacts may include displacement of naturally occurring affordable housing (NOAHs) and cultural anchors, such as businesses and places of worship. Displacement is most likely to occur in areas where zoning allows higher intensity development relative to other parts of the City (e.g., along Tukwila International Boulevard), and where vulnerable communities such as low-income residents, recent immigrants, or non-White communities are present. This element includes policies intended to prevent displacement; preserve and maintain older, more affordable housing; and strengthen links with members of vulnerable communities. 1 For a discussion of the relationship between AMI and housing affordability, see page 1 of the Housing Background Report. Low (50-80% AMI) Moderate (80-100% AMI) Higher (100-120% AMI) High (>120%AMI) * Includes 471 needed permanent supportive housing units Source: King County Countywide Planning Policies December 2024 DRAFT Housing Element Page 5 of 9 • �fr City of Tukwila •r t Comprehensive Plan Goals and Policies The following goals and policies intend to help Tukwila establish vibrant neighborhoods and encourage new housing, while maintaining affordable housing and meeting the needs of low- income and special -needs households. Each goal is followed by a list of related policies. GOAL 1 — Support housing growth consistent with regional targets. H1.1 Ensure zoned capacity is sufficient and encourages housing construction sufficient to meet the regional growth target of at least 6,500 additional housing units by 2044. H1.2 Identify and remove excessive regulatory barriers to housing production. H1.3 Modify residential zoning designations and development standards to align with City goals, and periodically assess the amount of housing produced under these standards. H1.4 Encourage housing growth near major transit stops, especially high -capacity transit nodes and in Southcenter/Tukwila Urban Center. H1.5 Align development regulations to market conditions to reduce reliance on time - and funding -intensive development agreements. GOAL 2 — Promote safe, healthy, and affordable housing choices for residents of all income levels. H2.1 Encourage production in all neighborhoods of diverse housing types that are appropriate for residents in all stages of life and all household sizes. H2.2 Encourage housing development affordable to all income segments sufficient to meet needs consistent with adopted targets. H2.3 Encourage the creation of housing for different income levels in residential areas throughout the City. H2.4 Support the development of emergency housing, emergency shelters, and permanent supportive housing sufficient to meet adopted targets, and ensure that City regulations guiding such development are consistent with state and regional guidance. H2.5 Support siting of transitional housing and permanent supportive housing in any zones in which residential dwelling units or hotels are allowed, and siting of indoor emergency shelters and indoor emergency housing in any zone where hotels are allowed in accordance with state law. December 2024 DRAFT Housing Element Page 6 of 9 • �fr City of Tukwila t Comprehensive Plan H2.6 Expand capacity for moderate density housing, i.e., "missing middle housing", in residential areas with low -density zoning throughout the City to increase home ownership and rental housing options. H2.7 Work with the owners and managers of Tukwila's new and existing permanent or long-term low-income housing to maximize housing desirability, protect long- term affordability, and strengthen community connections. H2.8 Strive to make alternative and affordable housing options available for residents currently living in substandard housing, such as pre -HUD code mobile homes. H2.9 Encourage housing design that improves resilience in the face of climate -change driven extreme weather events, such as flooding and extreme heat. GOAL 3 - Support collaborative efforts with other jurisdictions and organizations to assess housing needs, coordinate funding, and preserve and create affordable housing opportunities. H3.1 Support the equitable distribution of regional funds, such as Community Development Block Grants, interlocal-agreement sales taxes revenue, and other federal, State and County funding, for needed affordable housing. H3.2 Pursue establishing, or expanding, programs to provide tax incentives for increased housing development. H3.3 Play an active role in regional efforts to meet the needs of low-income community members, including monitoring of housing needs and updating city policies and regulations to align with regional goals. H3.4 Continue to work closely with South King Housing and Homelessness Partnership (SKHHP) and other partners to achieve development of subsidized affordable housing for very low-, low- and moderate -income households. GOAL 4 — Limit displacement impacts to vulnerable and historically underserved populations. H4.1 Identify and take action to remove City policies, rules, and programs that exacerbate racially disparate impacts. H4.2 Develop and implement strategies to reduce displacement of low-income households in areas of redevelopment. H4.3 Evaluate City actions for potential to increase displacement risk for naturally occurring affordable housing and vulnerable communities and mitigate or avoid taking actions that significantly increase this risk. December 2024 DRAFT Housing Element Page 7 of 9 • �fr City of Tukwila t Comprehensive Plan H4.4 Support the long-term preservation of existing naturally occurring affordable housing developments by acting as a facilitator between affordable housing groups interested in purchasing units and property owners. H4.5 Continue to improve the condition of rental housing through administration of the Residential Rental Licensing and Inspection Program. H4.6 Continue to support the maintenance, weatherization, rehabilitation, and long- term preservation or replacement of existing housing for low- and moderate - income residents. H4.7 Continue to develop relationships with populations that have been historically underserved and are at risk of displacement to better understand needs and risks. H4.8 Support programs and City actions that increase homeownership opportunities for vulnerable populations. H4.9 Adopt renter protections to ensure stable housing for Tukwila Renters. GOAL 5 — Promote housing options that support personal fulfillment and a healthy social life and are appropriate for people in all stages of life. H5.1 Encourage development of housing that is appropriate for multi -generational families, including the development of accessory dwelling units (ADUs), middle housing, and family -sized apartments. H5.2 Review and update development code to support production of housing types that provide relatively affordable homeownership options, such as middle housing (including townhouses) and condominiums. H5.3 Encourage use of universal design principles in new housing development. H5.4 Assist in providing residents with the human services, economic development, and transportation needed to increase access to housing options. H5.5 Support community groups that actively work to improve neighborhood quality and strengthen the sense of community. H5.6 Encourage site and building design that helps reduce social isolation and supports active lifestyles. H5.7 Support the creation of co -housing, housing cooperatives, co -living buildings, and other types of housing that provide community -oriented housing alternatives for families, seniors, young singles, religious communities, or other groups with specific needs. December 2024 DRAFT Housing Element Page 8 of 9