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HomeMy WebLinkAboutReg 2013-06-03 Item 2 - Powerpoint Presentation Shown at Meeting - Restoring the DuwamishRestoring the Duwamish: What is at Stake? Georgetown -South Park rt 1 -- Boeing_ Plant 2 King County International Airport/ Boeing Field Turning basin sr River Mile -5 LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP 1 P °1 King County Of Seattle ZIPLZEZAW May 15, 2013 1 1 1 Lower Duwamish Waterway - Background • 5 -mile river segment listed due to historically contaminated sediments • Legacy contamination - industrial discharges, stormwater, CSOs • The Lower Duwamish Waterway Group (King County, City of Seattle, Port of Seattle, and Boeing) — formed in 2000 to work on sediment cleanup • More than 100 "potentially responsible parties" identified by EPA to date MERCER ISLAND Lower Duwamish Waterway .4,una.i• ka If kb., ,n•:s Inaestgatron Me4 Banxl4ry - Dianne Nan Boundary' Bunhaeam ... Own W., Incapaalad Buadf y�12004 RURIEN @KIII:dpnatflidflt NtlB„al Baan,ca a,d Parts LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP i� Port ( 8©EJrA City of Seattle King County Of Seattle 2 r Lower Duwamish Waterway - Economics Today, the waterway is home to: • 100,000 jobs • 38,000 residents • 25% of King County manufacturing • Businesses that handle 7.2 million tons each year of domestic and international traffic, valued at $7.5 billion • 84% of the industrial lands within the city (5,000 acres) • Three primary land uses: — Commercial (32 %) — Industrial (26 %) — Warehousing (23 %) — Other uses include residential, parks, open space, military and vacant (another 19 %) LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP 1 City of Seattle P °1 King County Of Seattle ZiWAEZAW •EPA Proposed Plan -Environmental Justice Analysis Duwamish Schedule - Key Dates -Ecology Source Control Record of Decision Strategy (Feb) (Q1 2014) Remedial Design 2013 2014 Proposed Plan Public Comment (Feb + 105 days) V 2015 P 2016 2017 2018 A Negotiate Agreements among PRPs and sign Consent Decree Begin Construction Source Control LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP City of Seattle P°rt King County Of Seattle ASWAEZAW 1 Early Actions: Cleanup, Dredging, Source Control • Over $95 million invested in cleanup of 29 acres • LDWG- initiated early cleanups are predicted to reduce PCB sediment concentrations by —50% • Projects include: Completed ❖ Duwamish /Diagonal sedimentation remediation (King County) ❖ Norfolk CSO sediment remediation (King County) ❖ Slip 4 remediation (City of Seattle) LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP Underway ❖ Boeing Plant 2 (Boeing) ❖ Jorgensen Forge (Jorgensen) ❖ T117 (City of Seattle /Port of Seattle) City of Seattle P°rt King County Of Seattle ASWAEZAW Sediment Goals Early actions predicted to get waterway to this level How does the Duwamish Waterway compare to other areas? All alternatives in Feasibility Study predicted to get waterway to this level EPA's proposed goal is 2 ppb total PCBs I;0 {carts r billion ■ PCBs 346 Lower Duwariiish Waterway today curial-I average PCB concentrations In mud 255 Puget Sound area urban bays & lakes Lake Washington & 50 /Lake Sammamish Green River 20 0 Puget Sound non -urban boy LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP 111 City' of Seattle Po $ ©'FA G King County of Seattle 6 EPA Proposed Cleanup The Lower Duwamish Waterway is important to the Region's Economy, Neighborhoods, and Environment. LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP City of Seattle Port ($ ©rE/NG King County Of Seattle 7 Pr What's at stake? 1 � • Taxpayers, utility rate payers, and local businesses will be responsible for paying for the cleanup. • If we don't get started now, the Lower Duwamish will remain contaminated and there is uncertainty for the public and businesses. • Some may ask for more dredging, which will increase construction time, elevate risk, increase impacts to the community, and cost more. LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP 1 P °1 King County Of Seattle ASWAEZAW Pr LDWG Priorities for the Cleanup Plan • Reduce risks to human health and the environment through sediment cleanup • Complete construction as soon as possible and focus dredging to maximize the benefits and minimize the impacts • Optimize cleanup technologies and commit to extensive follow -up monitoring • Provide an effective, reliable cleanup plan that does not defer substantive decisions and is supportable and implementable Protective, Cost Effective, and Timely LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP King County 91' City of Seattle Port Se- ■ EPA Proposed Cleanup Plan: "5C -Plus" • 7 years of construction and $305 million* • Combination of technologies (dredging, capping, etc.) • Institutional controls to limit consumption of resident seafood • Extensive monitoring and contingency requirements • Source control program led by Ecology • After 20 -30 years: • Study whether additional cleanup is needed • Waive cleanup standards if natural background is not met *These costs are not reflective of all of the proposed plan's elements and will likely be higher. LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP City of Seattle Port King County Of Seattle ASWAEZAW 110 EPA's Proposed Plan - a good start How can it be improved? • Decrease construction by two years, reducing impacts to the community and environment • Achieve the same risk reduction, and faster • Provide a cost - effective approach to protect taxpayers, ratepayers, and the local economy LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP 1 Port ($ ©rE/NG King County Of Seattle } Construction Time (years) � Comparing cleanup options 6 5 4 3 2 0 Construction times = Period of elevated risks This portion reflects increased time needed to complete additional work primarily due to more dredging. - It will result in increased risk from eating fish from the river, during construction. - It will not significantly reduce health or environmental risks. Suggested EPA Proposed Plan Improvements (Key Elements) LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP Remedy Both options reach same long term risk reduction (2X104) (2 x 10-4) (2 x 10-4) Risk of incremental cost increase of $65M for additional tasks in the proposed plan: - more monitoring for surface water and tissue - more stringent SMS compliance standards - larger remedial footprint and dredge volume - more stringent water quality treatment requirements, and - pilot studies. This additional work will not significantly reduce long -term health or environmental risks. 450 - 400 350 300 N 0 250 o 200 H a m 150 z 0 1- 100 - 50 0 Suggested EPA Proposed Plan Improvements Note: incremental costs and length of construction may (Key Elements) be higher due to new cleanup goals in proposed plan. iii' City of Seattle port Of County 1 12 EPA' Proposed PI good EPA's ropose an - a goo start New cleanup requirements will challenge success EPA's Proposed Plan - a good start New cleanup requirements will challenge success • Unachievable cleanup requirements for PCBs may delay the start of cleanup. - Natural background goal for sediment cleanup - Fish tissue cleanup goal is below levels seen in other local urban waters - Water quality cleanup goals are lower than the upstream Green River, and other area rivers such as the Snohomish and Puyallup • Unachievable cleanup goals will likely increase the construction well beyond the time frame and cost estimated in the proposed plan. • LDWG will ask that the fish tissue and water quality goals be removed, and a more achievable sediment cleanup goal be set that reflects a typical urban waterway. LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP King County 13 City of Seattle Ports f 847AEZNG of Seattle 113 Summary • It is important to get started to eliminate uncertainty for our community and businesses and to quickly reduce health and environmental risk. • The water quality and fish tissue goals should be removed. Sediment goal should not be defined by natural background. • Additional dredging of isolated contamination increases human health risk, delays the final cleanup, and does not produce lower risk to people or to the environment. • Invest wisely. — Maximize most effective cleanup opportunities — Minimize public health impacts — Implement quickly with least disturbance to the community LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP 1 P °1 King County Of Seattle ASWAEZAW 114 Supporting Slides LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP City of Seattle P°rt King County Of Seattle 115 2,000 • 1,800 m 1,600 cn 0 1,400 0) w 1,200 co C) 1,000 CL . o ? 800 H 0 600 0 4 400 c as O 200 U 0 Monitoring Will Play an Important Role • Trends in total PCB concentrations in English sole fillets in the LDW • • • Winter 2003/2004 Duwamish /Diagonal, East Waterway, Lockheed & Todd Shipyard Dredging (- 600,000 cy) •• • • • • • • • • • • • 4 • • • • • 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Year LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP 113 City of Seattle P°rt King County Of Seattle ATIMEZAW 116 r Fish tissue cleanup goal Fish Tissue Total PCB Concentrations in the Lower Duwamish and Surrounding Urban Areas 3,000 t it 2,500 O to w 2,000 w m 3 1,500 a) 0 1,000 L c c.) ° 500 0 Note: A large quantity of sediment (- 600,000 cy) was dredged in 2003/2004 from several areas of LDW and East /West Waterways. 1 *English sole Perch Northern pikeminnow ()Yellow perch OCutthroat trout OSmallmouth bass • Red- dotted line indicates EPA's proposed tissue PRA of 1.8 to 12 ug /kg ww for fish in the LDW. 2004 2005 LDW Empirical Data LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP 2007 Steady - State LDW FWM- predicted City of Seattle Port s King County of Seattle Elliott Bay Lake Washington Empirical Data from Nearby Urban Areas ASPLZEZAW 1 117 Concentration of Total PCBs in Surface Water (pg /L) Water quality goal Cleaner than Green River 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP 3 City of Seattle Port j--'B©rE/NG King County of Seattle 6/5/2013, Filename.ppt 118 Average Total PCB Water Concentrations •EPA's Proposed 'surface Water PRG (64 pg/L i ■ —i ■ ,■ii i ■ — ■ ■ i —,i Commercial Residential Snohomish/ Agriculture Puyallup River Forest/ Field Basins All sites combined Foster Links (WV 10) Green Flaming Geyser (i:tM 41) River LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP 3 City of Seattle Port j--'B©rE/NG King County of Seattle 6/5/2013, Filename.ppt 118 Average upstream surface water PCB concentrations Lower Duwamish Waterway Duwamish Estuary Subwatershed Concentration of Total PCBs in Surface Water (pg /L) 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Middle Green River Subwatershed Green /Duwamish River Watershed ...lam Watershed Boundary Basin Boundary River Major Road 0pen Water Lower. Green River Subwatershed • Nny 2006 King County Department of Natural Resources and Parks Water and Land Resources Division Produced by Department of Natural Resources and Parks, W LSD. GIS,Visual Communications & Web Unit RRe Name:0605.greenbase sk LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP Upper Green River Subwatershed -3 City of Seattle Pof Se King County ATIMEZAW 6/5/2013, Filename.ppt 1 19 Average Total PCB Water Concentrations —'• .EPA s Proposed Surface Water PRG (64 pg/L) I Commercial Residential Agriculture Forest /Field Snohomish/ Puyallup River Basins All sites combined Foster Links Flaming jRM 10) (RM Green River Geyser 41) Green /Duwamish River Watershed ...lam Watershed Boundary Basin Boundary River Major Road 0pen Water Lower. Green River Subwatershed • Nny 2006 King County Department of Natural Resources and Parks Water and Land Resources Division Produced by Department of Natural Resources and Parks, W LSD. GIS,Visual Communications & Web Unit RRe Name:0605.greenbase sk LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP Upper Green River Subwatershed -3 City of Seattle Pof Se King County ATIMEZAW 6/5/2013, Filename.ppt 1 19 Total PCB concentrations (pg /kg ww, or ppb) in fish from Puget Sound compared to other common food sources Puget Sound QuiIlbadk Rockfish (non- urban) Caramel candy Chicken, fried (breast, leg and thigh) homemade English muffin. plain. toasted Raisins, dried Beef chuck roast. baked Puget Sound English Sole (non - urban) Cornbread, Homemade Veal cutlet, pan - cooked Biscuit. from refrigerated dough. baked Corngrits, regular, cooked Popcorn. popped in od Lamb chop, pan - cooked Pork roast. baked Puget Sound English Sole (near - urban) Eggs fned Pork chop, pan - cooked Beef steak. loin. pen-cooked Meauoal, homemade Pancake from mix Puget Sound Coho salmon. steaks or Nets, fresh or frozen, baked Brown gravy, Homemade Vegetables and chicken, strainedflunor Chicken breast. roasted Puget Sound ()tailback Rockfish (near- urban) Tuna, canned in oil Puget Sound Chinook Butter. regular (salted) Puget Sound English Sole urban Puget Sound Outback Rockfish (urban) • IMF 4- ■IO • • EPA's Proposed Tissue PRG range (0.4 to 12 ppb) 20 40 80 100 120 140 16 Source: Ecology (2012) citing Puget Sound Action Team 2007 Note: Samples include fish from Puget Sound and results are reported in micrograms per kilogram sampled. Commercial foods were sampled as part of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's total diet study and market - basket survey. In most cases, data are limited by small sample sizes. 1.1 Background Arsenic • Average arsenic soil concentration in Lower Duwamish Waterway vicinity is -13 mg /kg • EPA's proposed plan PRG is 7 m g /kg Note: soil samples collected from parks, schools, yards Arsenic Summary Statistics Number of Samples: 765 Detection Frequency 100% Median_ 5_A mglkg Mean: 10.4 iragikg 75th Percentile: 102 moikg 90th Percentile: 20.5 mg/kg LICL95_ 1301 mg/kg Legend Arsenic Soil Sample Location Im9 /k9 dwj t12 -2a 20 1 - 223 Extraction Area LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP 1 City Zof Seattle Port Seattle King County • 8 ©AE/NG 1 21 What EPA's Proposed Cleanup Actions Accomplishes and Doesn't Accomplish Achievable Outcomes: • Reduces risk from eating resident seafood by -90% — Reaches lowest feasible levels quickly (- 15 -20 years); source control (led by Ecology) may further lower risk over time • Safe for other exposures (beach play; netfishing, etc) • Protects benthic organisms in sediments • Protects higher ecological receptors (e.g., otters) Unachievable Outcomes: • Natural background goal for sediment • Fish tissue and water quality goals LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP 3 City of Seattle Port 1 (j- -M7AE7A t King County of Seattle 6/5/2013, Filename.ppt 1 22 EPA' Proposed PI good 7 EPA's ropose an - a goo start New cleanup requirements will challenge success EPA's Proposed Plan - a good start New cleanup requirements will challenge success Unachievable cleanup requirements may delay the start of cleanup. • Natural background goal for sediment cleanup • Fish tissue cleanup goal are below levels seen in other local urban waters, such as Lake Washington • Water quality cleanup goals are lower than the upstream Green River, and other area rivers such as the Snohomish and Puyallup LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP 11 P° ( $ ©rE/NG King County Of Seattle 1 23 Suggested improvements to EPA's Plan • Protect human health sooner by: • Careful, strategic use of dredging • Optimal application of technologies • Utilize adaptive management to better manage risk • The water quality and fish tissue goals should be removed • Sediment goal should not be defined by natural background 0.7 0.8 Mb Dredge or Cap ENRijn situ Treatment Monitored Natural Recovery Monitoring Area 1.1 Early Action Area .............. .............. Intertidal Area > -4 ft MLLW Alternative 5C+ LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP P °1 King County Of Seattle ASWAEZAW 1 24 Environmental Justice Considerations EPA's EJ Purpose: • Identifies disproportionate environmental effects compared to other similar communities • Identifies how the cleanup alternatives will affect those disproportionate adverse impacts Findings: • There is no alternative that can make it safe to eat unlimited resident seafood • Recommends mitigations for impacts both during and after construction activities Limitations of Analysis: • Does not emphasize that the cleanup significantly improves the river and lowers risks from eating seafood • Risk from eating fish post cleanup will not be disproportionate; conditions will be similar to other urban waterways LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP Port King County Of Seattle ASWAEZAW 1 25 Remedy Concern How Addressed in LDWG Key Elements Memo How Addressed in EPA Remedy (Proposed Plan) Use of natural recovery for non -human health risk drivers and providing flexibility for urban chemicals (i.e., phthalates) and transient signatures (i.e., benzoic and phenolic compounds)* Cap and ENR performance (stability) ** Reduce the availability of bioaccumulating contaminants (PCBs, dioxins/ furans) * ** Exposure of subsurface contamination from scour or seismic events ** Approach for achieving natural background cleanup level of 2 ppb for PCBs * Resident Seafood Tissue Goals * Surface Water Goals* Allow 10 years for non -human health risk - drivers to achieve Washington State Sediment Quality Standards. Additional allowance for urban and transient chemicals (higher trigger concentrations). Use where feasible with armoring as necessary (e.g., placement of material with larger grain size). Monitoring, maintenance and repair. Reduce through carbon amendments in ENR areas. Maximize the use of these less invasive technologies. Use armoring in areas with high scour potential (Category 1). Monitor areas with lower scour potential (Categories 2 and 3) and perform contingency actions if necessary. Provide a technical impracticability waiver prior to remediation. Models predict that long -term concentrations will asymptote to approximately 40 -50 ppb for PCBs. Develop likely achievable tissue targets and monitor progress towards these targets. Surface water quality is managed by other programs. Similar, but limits the use of recovery by using lower RALs for certain chemicals; no allowance for urban and transient chemicals. Armor as necessary. Limit use to areas with low scour potential. Employ subsurface RAL to limit use of capping and ENR. Similar, but limit ENR only to areas with low contamination regardless of carbon amendment use. Incorporate a subsurface remedial action level to remove buried contamination regardless of stability or bioavailability. Limited use of ENR. Provide technical impracticability waiver after years of monitoring and review of site conditions for possible additional actions. Set enforceable tissue cleanup level at natural background (which is unattainable in urban area based on all available information). Set enforceable surface water cleanup levels at the Federal HH recommended water quality criterion (0.064 ng /L), which is below upstream concentrations and within the range of laboratory method blanks. *LDWG concern; ** EPA concern; * ** LDWG request and EPA adjustments LOWER DUWAMISH WATERWAY GROUP air City of Seattle Poi_ King County 1 26