Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutPermit D99-0080 - Museum of Flight - RampL.. City of Tukwila t;..,:' (206) 431 -3670 Community Development / Public Works • 6300 Southcenter Boulevard, Suite 100 • Tukwila, Washington 98188 Parcel No: Address: Suite No: Location: Category: Type: Zoning: Const Type: Gas /Elec.: Units: Setbacks: Water: Wetlands: WARNING: 332404 -9019 9404 EAST MARGINAL AOT DEVPERM MIC /H 001 North: SEATTLE IF CONSTRUCTION BEGINS BEFORE APPEAL PERIOD EXPIRES, APPLICANT IS PROCEEDING AT THEIR OWN RISK.. WY S South: Sewer: .:SEATTLE ,Sio N Contractor License OCCUPANT MUSEUM OF FLIGHT 9404' MARGINAL WY S, TUKWILA WA 98188 OWNER MUSEUM OF FLIGHT FOUNDATIO ,;9404 'E 'MARGINAL WAY 5, 07024-00, SEATTLE WA 98108 CONTACT , ` ;RICHARD BECKERMAN , -764 -5731 9404 EAST MARGINAL WY S, TUKWILA WA 98108 * * * * *•k * * * * ** ***{ c***• k*********• kk*** k**********• k• k***• k** * * * * * * *** * * * * * *•k *•kkkk * * *k * ** Permit Description: CONSTRUCT RAMP ACCESS TO AIRCRAFT INTERIOR TO PERMIT PUBLIC VIEWING. * * * * * * * * * * * . �k * * * * * * ** tic*****• kk*• k********• k*********.**• k** k **k * * *** ** *•k *;* *k *•kk** * * * ** ** Construction Valuation, $ 7,000.00 PUBLIC WORKS' PERMI;TS`: * (Water Meter Permits Listed Separate) Eng. Appr: Curb Cut /Access /Sidewalk /CSS: N. }`..< Fire:.Lo:op Hydrant: N No. Size(in) .00 :Flood "Control "Zone 'N Hauling: N Start Tinie.: End•. Time:( Land Altering: N Cut: Fill: Landscape :Irrigation: N Moving Oversized Load: N Start Time End `Time: Sanitary Side Sewer: N No Sewer`:•Main`Extension: N Privatec. N Public: Storm .Drainage: N Street Use N Water Main Extension: N Private: N Public: N *** k*********************• k******* k***** k**: k* k***** * * ** *'k* * * * * * * * * * *k * * * * *k * TOTAL DEVELOPMENT PERMIT FEES: $ 234.26 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ** * ** *****************, k****** kk***k ***** *k *k * * * * * ***k * *k * * *** * **kk Permit Center Authorized Signature: The granting of this permit cancel the provision of any or the performance of work. development -�mi t . Signature: Print Name: DEVELOPMENT PERMIT Permit No: Status: Issued: Expires: Occupancy: UBC: Fire Protection: East: .0 West: Streams: Phone: D99 -0080 I5SUED 04/08/1999 10/05/1999 PUBLIC BUILDING 1997 SPRINKLERS /AFA .0 Date: `T 8 ^c I hereby certify that I have read and examined his permit and know the same to be true and correct. All provisions of law and ordinances governing this work will be complied with, whether specified herein or not. does not presume to give authority to violate or other state or local laws regulating construction I any authorized to sign for and obtain this Date: . l "6 This permit shall become null and void if the work is not commenced within '180 days from the date of issuance, or if the work is suspended or abandoned for a period of 180 days from the last inspection. Addr,e 9404 EAST ":'.: Penn No D99 00130 Suit ferran_t: status ISSUED Type DEVP'Eh1 A l i e i q3/ 1 1:% 1X99. • • ta► e ; l ° # 3" 24114. 901 7•,,sueci 0410311999 • • k•k*k**ykkk ** * *'k* l.****.** kk.* A* k � k• k* * • A • k* kkkk*• k 4•kk'k•k: * *, *�k�k kkk v errnit ';Condi tioils 1 No changes :.wi 11 be :made ` .t o .the p,1ans' approved by the E ngineer acid the Tukwila. B ri dtng : „v, s loin 2' A1 p iriSpe,c:is cin `e r s an f a" Y �.oved P '1: a n's she11 b'e ava11able a .t the C ot t` iSr7or to i.he silo of arty • c.on- strruction The socument$ 4�are - .torr ma:it i,t d:,aind `avai 1 -. able art 11 :.ff i,� '4 is0 e t r f a ro r1 i a ' 4 {r •an �r . , E lec t ri c a l 'p rrlr'i " a 11- be o bta•i , ned s tl the t a�shingt n Mate fJiv . off' <,L h a bor '3 Tndu:tr l e s ythr a n d I T X1' :l.�;) 1ec r cal C t '. { I E ) t i,� N q 7 r .yi 1 ! Rf r+� f +� r i� c'� ' h ) . y '� to 1 work wi llr E e inspected b ) that ag6',r1 (248 b630J �,w * � �� 4' Plumbing s;p..4: �r'it , hal 1t be obta irled through the, &ae`at�t•le;rK1 Cu t ofPubi � Hearlyth P : 'luiiibinq.; lrl b e.- i n'spe ,; d ' that agenc, k ,fA ; in {{ c1udin` a] 1 _-gas p g 02.95.4y7 � � e r ,\,� :, 5, A ll s wor t h l b.ei }u se ate `peirm , f `°') d �y�` ; i9 r j +' ..' " • . _ r , {4 j'k � i �y ; rt thers' 'it} of'ATuLwi la . =art . Y� 5 : A1 %o'ns' u to ,be done' '/ri4n c onfor�manc,e w it C.6 4 par 6i.4. p:1-6ns and requ i r en er t� • off the` Un i fo1� r' Boil d ; ng . de ( Ed tjf. on) a � arne,nded , Unif orpnt: Mp ha'03,�l Code (19 Edi ;Mo tl and $l YWastlhing En r ' 'Cod 6; f E dit ion} E` $ x, 7 V aI.tl(tiit y of P erl uit, Th pq.r.rnit or" a pprov al )jot pl :ansr . ispet.i t ic an d lc.omputations shall n ot ,be :can : p >n s F r 1. be .. � r : y ti st rued:' to ' �a pe r>mi t •o tr For an ,‘ apptov of any . v t o 1, tAi � � - V1 ti � � f+ Y • � i .r t 4 ` r u ; .fr asL,; F } ot:: zany : cof;, t ,pi ov i s l ons��P I of., the, ,hu l I tl i n'9 code : or o arty y 1 ri y fa oth ordinance of+ Jur ° i:dict ' ion,- N per•'mit ,p res4�tting t o r j gi ve autho.r3°i1V`tto ,violate orr ea h6,41 . 75h6 pr}ovision� of •this ' c ode sha ll .;be vii l - d . t , ` , 1 , , r >` ;, '! r t e L' t It sha 1 b : ver.if le'd in ,writing Atop the ,Ci;ty llti i9 `Inspeq;t§r that: the: t ire loop s}ls,tem , ,tor \ t l ding conta insk State p.a f D o Heal th approv.ed detector double chec1, vave l. as`se This shall .pe.:done, p,riorr`to : • th Finai z - lon , 'OR' APPLICANT fS1{ALL=',' UBMIT'�`A ' AGREEING' TOIL : N'STALL •A DDCVA' UNDER A " SEPARATE' PERMI , a T�° °. APPPLI�.ATIrJN,� ¢, . Project Name/Tenant: M t{ Seulvl or /J(g -7 Existing use: ❑ Retail ❑ Restaurant ❑ Multi - family ❑ Warehouse ❑ Hospital ❑ Church ❑ Manufacturing ❑ Motel /Hotel ❑ Office ❑ School /College /University ® Other Museum Value of Construction: $7,000 Will there be a change of use? ❑ yes ® no Site Address: 9404 East Marginal Way South, Tukwila, WA City State /Zip: 98108 Tax Parcel Number: 332404 -9019 Property Owner: Museum of Flight Area of Construction: (sq. ft.) approx. 480 Phone: (206) 764 -5700 Street Address: 9404 East Marginal Way South. Tukwila. WA City State /Zip: 98108 Fax #: (206) 764 -5707 Contractor: Owner Phone: Street Address: City State /Zip: Fax #: Architect: Greqov Architects Phone: (360) 437 -7629 Street Address: 62 Keller Lane, Port Ludlow, WA 98365 City State /Zip: Fax #: (360) 437 -7638 Engineer: Jack Christiansen Phone: (2Q6) 842 -3370 Street Address: 7799 Hansen Road, Bainbridge, WA 98110 City State /Zip: Fax #: Contact Person: Richard Beckerman, Director of Facilities Operations Phone: (206) 764 -5731 Street Address: 9404 East Marginal Way South, Tukwila, WA City State /Zip: 98108 Fax #: (206) 764 -5707 Description of work to be done: Provide ramp access and sprinkler system to aircraft interior to Permit Dublic viewina. Existing use: ❑ Retail ❑ Restaurant ❑ Multi - family ❑ Warehouse ❑ Hospital ❑ Church ❑ Manufacturing ❑ Motel /Hotel ❑ Office ❑ School /College /University ® Other Museum Proposed use: ❑ Retail ❑ Restaurant ❑ Multi- family ❑ Warehouse ❑ Hospital ❑ Church ❑ Manufacturing ❑ Motel /Hotel ❑ Office ❑ School /College /University ❑ Other Will there be a change of use? ❑ yes ® no If yes, extent of change: (Attach additional sheet if necessary) Will there be rack storage? ❑ yes ® no Existing fire protection features: ❑ sprinklers ® automatic fire alarm ❑ none ® other (specify) 24 hr. Securi 1 Building Square Feet: 185, 075 existing Area of Construction: (sq. ft.) approx. 480 Will there be storage of flammable /combustible hazardous material in the building? ❑ yes ® no Attach list of materials and storage location on separate 8 1/2 X 11 paper indicating quantities & Material Safety Data Sheets . CITY OF TUK' VILA Permit Center • 6300 Southcenter Blvd., Suite 100, Tukwila, WA 98188 (206) 431 -3670 ❑ Channelization /Striping ❑ Curb cut /Access /Sidewalk ❑ Fire Loop /Hydrant (main to vault) #: Size(s): ❑ Land Altering 0 Cut cubic yds. 0 Fill cubic yds. ❑ Sanitary Side Sewer #: ❑ Sewer Main Extension ❑ Storm Drainage ❑ Street Use ❑ Water Main Extension ❑ Water Meter /Exempt #: Size(s): 0 Deduct ❑ Water Meter /Permanent # Size(s): ❑ Water Meter Temp # Size(s): ❑ Miscellaneous cTPERM17'.DOC 1/29/97 Est. quantity: Commercial / Multi - Family Tenant Improvement / Alteration Permit Application Application and plans must be complete In order to be accepted for plan review. Applications will not be accepted through the mail or facsimile. APPLICANT REQUEST FOR PUBLIC WORKS-. SiTE /CIVIL;PLAN REVIEWOF;THE :FOLLOV IN (Additional reviews may be determinedby the Politic Works Department) gal ❑ Flood Control Zone ❑ Hauling ❑ Landscape Irrigation 0 Private 0 Public O Private 0 Public 0 Water Only Schedule' Value of Construction - In all cases, a value of construction amount should be entered by the applicant. Thls figure will be reviewed and is subject to possible revision by the Permit Center to comply with current fee schedules. Expiration of Plan Review - Applications for which no permit Is issued within 180 days following the date of application shall expire by limitation. The building official may extend the time for action by the applicant for a period not exceeding 180 days upon written request by the applicant as defined In Section 107.4 of the Uniform Building Code (current edition). No application shall be extended more than once. Dale application accepted: Date application explres: Appllc tlo taken by: (in/ilais) PLEASE SIGN BACK OF APPLICATION FORM y BUILDING OWtyER OR AUTHORIZED AGENT: Signature: i` , ,, i ,./ 6 4 . j y ' A Date: i _ c < Pri t.n Beckerman, Director of Fac. Ops. Pti ?r 6) IF a 764 -5731 '� 06) 764 1A6) -5707 Add a East Marginal Way South C t ea i , P WA 98108 ALL COMMERCIAUMULTI -F ► ILY TENANT IMPROVEMENT /AL RATION PERMIT APPLICATIONS MUST BE SUBMITTED WITH THE FOLLOWING: ALL DRAWINGS TO BE STAMPED BY WASHINGTON STATE LICENSED ARCHITECT, STRUCTURAL ENGINEER OR CIVIL ENGINEER ➢ ALL DRAWINGS SHALL BE AT A LEGIBLE SCALE AND NEATLY DRAWN ➢ BUILDING SITE PLANS AND UTILITY PLANS ARE TO BE COMBINED N/A SUBMITTED O in Complete Legal Description 0 ❑ Metro: Non- Residential Sewer Use Certification if there is a change in the amount of plumbing fixtures (Form H -13). Business Declaration required (Form H -10). Four (4) sets of working drawings (five(5) sets for structural work), which include : O ❑ Site Plan (including existing fire hydrant location(s) 1. North arrow and scale 2. Property Tines, dimensions, setbacks, names of adjacent roads, any proposed or existing easements 3. Parking Analysis of existing and proposed capacity; proposed stalls with dimensions 4. Location of driveways, parking, loading & service areas 5. Recycle collection location and area calculations (change of use only) 6. Location and screening of outdoor storage (change of use only) 7. Limits of clearing /grading with existing and proposed topography at 2' intervals extending 5' beyond property's boundaries 8. Identify location of sensitive area slopes 20% or greater, wetlands, watercourses and their buffers (change of use only) 9. Identify location and size of existing trees that are located in sensitive areas and buffer (TMC 18.45.040), of those, identify by size and species which are to be removed and saved 10. Landscape plan with irrigation and existing trees to be saved by size and species (exterior changes or change of use only) 11. Location and gross floor area of existing structure with dimensions and setback 12. Lowest finished floor elevation (if in flood control zone) 13. See Public Works Checklist for detailed civil /site plan information required for Public Works Review (Form H- 9). ❑ 0 Floor plan: show location of tenant space with proposed use of each room labeled ❑ 0 Overall building floor plan with adjacent tenant use; identify tenant space use and location of storage of any hazardous materials; dimensions of proposed tenant space. • ❑ Vicinity Map showing location of site O ❑ Rack Storage: If adding new racks or altering existing rack storage, provide a floor plan identifying rack layout and all exit doors. Show dimensions of aisles, include dimensions of height, length, and width of rack. Structural calculations are required for rack storage eight feet and over. 0 ❑ Indicate proposed construction of tenant space or addition and walls being demolished • 0 Construction details ❑ ❑ Sprinkler details - details of sprinkler hangers, specifically penetrations in structure, i.e., roof; size of water supply to sprinkler vault with documentation from contractor stating supply line will meet or exceed sprinkler system design criteria as identified by the Fire Department. O ❑ Washington State Non - Residential Energy Code Data shall be noted on the construction drawings. 0 ❑ SEPA Checklist - if intensification of use (check with Planning Department for thresholds). O ❑ Attach plans, reports or other documentation required to comply with Sensitive Area Ordinance or other land use or SEPA decisions. ® ❑ Food service establishments require two (2) sets of stamped approved plans by the Seattle -King County Department of Public Health prior to submitting for building permit application. The Department of Public Health is located at 201 Smith Tower, Seattle, WA or call (206) 296 -4787. (Form H -5) ❑ © Copy of Washington State Department of Labor and Industries Valid Contractor's License. If no contractor has been selected at time of application a copy of this license will be required before the permit is issued QR submit Form H -4, "Affidavit in Lieu of Contractor Registration ". Building Owner /Authorized Agent If the applicant is other than the owner, registered architect/engineer, or contractor licensed by the State of Washington, a notarized letter from the property owner authorizing the agent to submit this permit application and obtain the permit will be required as part of this submittal I HEREBY CERTIFY THAT I HAVE READ AND EXAMINED THIS APPLICATION AND KNOW THE SAME TO BE TRUE UNDER PENALTY OF PERJURY BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON, AND 1 AM AUTHORIZED TO APPLY FOR THIS PERMIT. CTPLRMIT.DOC 1/29/97 • 4.4c . 14ic **.A• #.* ### * • • , • " • , , " • . • 076. .., AT *A *:*. A,* * *,* *4* 7A ...*; X i;1; tA 3 . 04( 08 /9 f$ 1 ., 14 2 t I„ BICgERMA Init LEI DEVPCRM :: :'D rce1Na. 324O4-Q1 : *•- il:*01.:*'-'00i'45'1.944-1:40.r:..11'Aft8IN$11.:,.', 14? S • , - 142,25 Tat:al ALL Pmts .„., . Fialarce 0() * *:k A * * * * * * 4.* A 4; * * * * * * * * * * * * A A.* A 4 * * * * * * * *Ametint 139..25 ;*-000/386'.904 STATE: .811ILDING SURCHARGE; d e Pesci" pt iori •• : • '.1•'000/322f • • 2291 04/12 9717 TOTAL 357.50 • „.. . •• • 1 • ' • - " 1■L''. • • • • - , . . iV.****44:le ••,,!ti • •A• 40: , : * **4.*** • 1tit=i0§4 • (inid(criiit 0 91 037.11./q9::69: jt 1 -. • Pernii ( No D 0080 Tvu. DLVPII1II D ti LOI NT PIIMI r • Na r...32404!-501:9 : • . • : Sit Addet 9404 EABT ,t4ARGINAL 'WY '.f3 Total Fee u 231'. 26 fhis t, • • ' :90.51. Total ALL Pint 90.51 .• " • .13 al ance .• 'C c,c,urt Code Drpt1Qr ": • 000/3 ' i)LA14•CliECI■ 1 • - • I434 03/12 .9717 TOTAL 90.51 • Project: fi �I Ty pe of inspectio . Address: o r R i , ,;. b 4 rc , i ( A Date called: l Special instructions: Date wanted: a . ' V-1- Of) P.. Requester: A c\ Phone No.: INSPECTION REG" '3D Retain a copy wifh �.�rmit INSPECTION NO. CITY OF TUKWILA BUILDING DIVISION 6300 Southcenter. Blvd., #100; Tukwila, WA 98188 approved per applicable codes. COMMENTS: .. Inspector` , 9 r I Receipt No.: Corrections required prior to approval. Date: 11.14 $42.00 REINSPECTION FEE REQUIRED. Prior to inspection, fee must be paid at 6300 Southcenter Blvd., Suite 100. CaII to schedule reinspection. Date: Project: • ^ • '^ M U 5e 04'1 Co,- .. F ' r ` - Type of Inspetion: • Frc� frti i r 3� l Address: 9 by e.. Mar 1 na 1 \P 5 Date called:. 1.1— 3 — Ott ..Special instructions: V. • • Date wanted: 11 -lo—OO a. m_ :Re 6C1. P,h�j `G(o ... 1 &8-1 1(4 INSPECTION RECORD Retain a copy with permit INSPECTION. NO. CITY OF TUKWILA BUILDING DIVISION 6300 Southcenter Blvd, #100, Tukwila, WA 9818 Approved per applicable codes. El Corrections required prior to. approval. COMMENTS: Inspect • : Date: 00 $47.00 REINSPECTION FEE REQUIRED. Prior to inspection, fee must be paid at 6300 Southcenter Blvd., Suite 100. Call to schedule reinspection. Receipt No: Date: • (206)431 -3670 •s • Fire Department Thomas 1 Keefe, Fire Chief Needs shift inspection TUKWILA FIRE DEPARTMENT. FINAL' APPROVAL. FORM Steven M. Mullet, Mayor. Approved without correction notice Approved with correction notice issued Sprinklers: .mac' Fire Alarm: 5 Hood & Duct: Halon: Monitor: _ Pre -Fire: Permits: Authorizedigna ure ('INALAPP.FRM Date 1\c ( Rev. 2/19/98 T.F.D. Form F.P. 85 Headquarters Station: 444 Andover Park East • Tukwila, Washington 98188 • Phone: 206.575.4404 • Fax: 206.5754439 • • • rr 1 � i Airk rye,* • 1 "' , `1, • 1 ,.. . : Pi zt .7 11 I I ; A ' • 1. - .1... . i I I !r I .. 2.-1 ..i I .. I ., pi -fir- 1 1 1-7.1 '.." 4 ?] .112,4: H-- . i ,�o r13 °"° 1 I i + ..1_..._._... i . 71 • 1.111: i 1 i . 1r +eIife , 1 i 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 ..J I 1.8.411 I 1 1 1 11 C Ij'YQFT KW� 1 1 I I + 1 Ifs 11 1 19 iQ9 i I i I pii.ii kT eINTLR Il�il l i i i l Is 141 h,. P 0 .1 1 " • *. ' , , , • .44444.4■4••■•■ 44114 •1■4444. UNI/4.0, UNEMNI MINmultall10014g,t Wiii.11.111.014MTUNftelam 4'ttl 1 4 11111111111 11.011W01041:14. 1 / 101111 .11111Mfairtiii; Ira ullnktaajet. ; • 111111111 111111111111,61.. IMENENWPIVWCtIli 1111111111.11111 " P'64 4 .• V RECEIVED CITY OF TUKWILA • nts1 PERMIT CENTER RECEIVED CITY OF TUKWILA APR 2 2 1999 PERMIT CENTER FlUll G 01 \11500 ZI :I gdo:Is :' Nd' RECEIVED CITY OF TUKWILA APR 2 2 1999 PERMIT CENTER FlUll G 01 \11500 Z\ M pw 9 --- 4.1#5 ,5 6x0 60(4 - 4 TyP - ti 2e N 3 eX 6 RA ND : A P T P5 BO A l-TDR.60 f:Ei PLAM 0 1.6"911/zWp€414.p 1pG. V" END MAW — --O — — 13 PffiencotitS Nbli/3Ic/. eipc PLAN-RAMP DETAIL - Pevisea /14 SaCE115/ ov v‘imocITYRE,FElYS&I IN??‘ z n ILA 2 1999 rual \956mIT CENTER —11;11-6MG 01\11500 F147 .5456 P/FE F'C4A.C.4 ireA .\ FIAT /few .5CP.ON • April 25; 2000 R ichard Beckerman 9404 East Marginal Way S Tukwila Wa 98108 Sincerely, . . DG /br File: Permit No. D99- 0080& M99 -0193 equestfor Extension (D99 -0080 & M99-0193) 9404. East Marginal Way S Based on your statement that the above referenced projects have not been inactive since permit issuance, and the other circumstances you listed, a 180 day extension is hereby granted. Please be advised that if substantial work has not begun by November 1, 2000 these permits will become null an void and a new permit will be required for any continuance of the project: City of Tukwila Steven M Mullet, Mayor Department of Community Development .. Steve Lancaster Director 6300 Southcenter Boulevard, Suite #100 • Tukwila, Washington 98188 • Phone: 206.431.3670 • Fax: 206.431.3665 441V4tA^d helot AT4It4tig0440Mia April 18, 2000 Bill Rambo, Permit Technician Department of Community Development City of Tukwila 6300 Southcenter Boulevard, Suite #100 Tukwila, WA 98188 V+I :' Akr..Y.lifa Richard Beckerman Director of Facilities Operations Cc: Chris Mailander, Director of Exhibits MUSEUM OF FLIGHT avolvos APR 1 9 2000 C oh l iMUNITY D EVELOPMENT RE: Request for Extension on Permits D99 -0080 and M99 -0193 Mr. Rambo: We have received your letter regarding permit status on D99 -0080 for our 737 Exhibit and would like to request an extension for both permits on this project. Due to a variety of factors which have now been corrected this project had been delayed beyond our original projections. The key exhibit staff member responsible for this project left the employment of the Museum last summer, and a key grant that completed funding for the project delayed award until this last February. An Exhibits Director was hired in November and joined the project in January. This addition to our staff along with firm funding now allows us to move forward on the project and we have scheduled to open the exhibit in October. Please note that the project has not been inactive: an electrical permit was obtained in October 1999, . and we received inspections for mechanical rough -in and refrigerant pressure testing in early November 1999. Much work has gone into this unusual project which is available for your viewing if you wish to verify that the project has not been abandoned. With this letter we would like to request an extension on both permits, D99 -0080 and M99 -0193, until December 1, 2000 which would allow for extra time if we run into additional complications. Please feel free to call me at 764 -5731 if you have any questions or would like to schedule a walkthrough of this work -in- progress. 9404 East Marginal Way South • Seattle, Washington • 98108 Telephone (206) 764 -5700 • Facsimile (206) 764 -5707 April 14, 2000 Richard Beckerman 9404 East Marginal Way S Tukwila Wa 98108 RE: Permit Status D99 -0080. 9404 East Marginal Way S Dear Mr Beckerman: In reviewing our current permit files, it appears that your permit to construct ramp access, issued on April 4, 1999, has not received a final inspection as of the date of this letter by the City of Tukwila Building Division. Per the Uniform Building Code and /or Uniform Mechanical Code, every permit issued by the building official under the provision of this code shall expire by limitation and become null and void if the building or work authorized by such permit is not commenced within 180 days from the date of such permit, or if the building or work authorized by such permit is suspended or abandoned at any time after the work is commenced for a period of 180 days. Based on the above, if a final inspection is not called for within ten (10) business days from the date of this letter, the Permit Center will close your file and the work completed to date will be considered non - complying and not in conformance with the Uniform Building Code and /or Mechanical Code. Please contact the Permit Center at (206)431 -3670 if you wish to schedule a final inspection. Thank you for your cooperation in this matter. Sincerely, Ql;d Q4 Bill Rambo Permit Technician Xc: Permit File No. D99 -0080 Duane Griffin, Building Official City of Tukwila Department of Community Development Steven M. Mullet, Mayor Steve Lancaster, Director 6300 Southcenter Boulevard, Suite #100 • Tukwila, Washington 98188 • Phone: 206.431.3670 • Fax: 206 - 431.3665 Joanna Spencer, Development Engineer Public Works Depattment City of Tukwila 6300 Southcenter Boulevard Tukwila, WA 98188 206.764 5707 MUSEUM OF FLIGHT 15:54 $183 P.02/02 Ms. Spencer, This letteris in regard to your fax of April '5 , 1999 and our conversation during your site visit last week With this letter the Museum of Flight commits that it shall install a Detector Double Check Valve on the Phase 2 sprinkler system as a requirement of receiving final approval on the building permit for the Museum's 737 Exhibit project Please feel free to call me at 764 -5731 if you have any questions or comments. Richard Beckerman Director of Facilities Operations 9404 East Morpir oI WW South • Seattle, Washington • 98108 Telephone (206) 7645700 • facsimile (206) 764 -5707 RECEIVED APR 0 6 1999 TUKWILA PUBLIC WORKS FROM ' s MUSEUM OF FL. I GHT . Joanna Spencer, City of Tukwila; From' Richard Beckerman (Direct line: 764 -5731) Faro 431 -3665 Paps: 2 including cover sheet MUSEUM. OF FLIGHT ❑ Yryont lid For Roviaw ❑ Fria Consonant 0 Plow Reply ❑ Maas Recycle •. Comm.ntsc PERMIT: D99-0080 Joanna, I received your voice mail regarding location of the DDCV. Thanks! Attached is the letter you requested. Please let me know if this meets your need RECEIVED APR 0 6 19 TUKWILA PUBLIC WORK, January 14; 1999 Duane Griffin, Building Official Department of Community Development 6300 Southcenter Boulevard Tukwila, WA 98188 Mr. Griffin, Thank you for your time on Monday to talk with No Gregov and myself. We really appreciated both Bob Benedicto's and your input while going over the concepts we were struggling with on our upcoming 737 exhibit. To make sure I understand what we determined, I wanted to type out the conclusions we reached: 1. The use of the space is comparable with that of a conference room with seating for 34. 2. The exhibit, including the cargo bay below, will be sprinklered and alarmed per fire department requirements. 3. One exit is adequate based on the Museum making a 5' wide portal for access/egress. 4. The ramp leading from the Side Gallery to the exhibit must meet slope requirements. 5. We must take care that the edges at the ends of the ramp leading to the exhibit meet ADA requirements for height difference or gaps. 6. Remove existing exit signs in the space and install a typical emergency exit sign so visitors are not confused about emergency egress. 7. The aisle width is adequate given the floor space for visitors in wheelchairs at the back of the exhibit. 8. A fold -down seat will be installed in the back of the space for the disabled on crutches or with walkers that might not be able to use the aisle. 9. No visitors will be allowed to stand in the back of the exhibit to view the presentation. Please let me know if I missed anything or if more clarification is needed. If I do not hear from you, I will assume that I have understood our discussion correctly and we will proceed with preparing our permit application. I also wanted to add that it was great to be able to discuss the exhibit face -to -face and get a clear direction before we got too far along with the project. Thank you again. Please feel free to call me at 764 -5731 if you have any questions or comments. Sin ely, ti Richard Beckerman Director of Facilities Operations Cc: Bob Benedicto, City of Tukwila No Gregov, Gregov Architects MUSEUM OF FLIGHT "K.., m,1 _...........> i - �o a� ovrJ/N 9404 East Marginal Way South • Seattle, Washington • 98108 Telephone (206) 764 -5700 • Facsimile (206) 764 -5707 CIT O TU MAR 1 1 1999 r �� t ail i 'Jig N' EFI Pciciswooto ;l4ti ii:fdnf .;sar t 1\tik 3zf' Sep'b1r� tk�S �r? 4r llFE:hg;ite sil ads' `ssitkY2 ax,Mt4itivws0!avasittim oixtilov+rL xte#kral '13ma toi ioa R esponse to Incomplete Letter Revision # 1 After Permit Is Issued DEPARTMENTS: Buildin Division 154 i+ 4.21 1q Public Wo 9 16 I [� "Z7 DETERMINATION OF COMPLETENESS: (Tues, Thurs) Complete Comments: TUES /THURS ROUTING: \PR•ROUTE.DOC 6/98 t5 PLAN REVIEW /ROUTING SLIP ,r Fire Prevention Prevention Vat_ 4-30 7 n Structurally Incomplete n REVIEWERS INITIALS: APPROVALS OR CORRECTIONS: (ten days) Approved Approved with Conditions n REVIEWERS INITIALS: CORRECTION DETERMINATION: Approved Approved with Conditions[ Planning Division /11,4.- Lf -z-7 -15 Permit Coordinator DUE DATE: 4 -27 -99 Not Applicable n Please Route No No further Review Required Routed by Staff n (if routed by staff, make copy to master file and enter into Sierra) DATE: DUE DATE: 5 -25-99 Not Approved (attach comments) DATE: DUE DATE: Not Approved (attach comments) n REVIEWERS INITIALS: DATE: DEPARTMENTS: \PR.ROUTE.DOC 6/98 (}tervli 4- cooled . CD PLAN REVIEW /ROUTING' SrCIP ACTIVITY NUMBER: D99 -0080 DATE: 3 -11 -99 PROJECT NAME:. MUSEUM OF FLIGHT XX Original Plan Submittal Response to Correction Letter # Response to Incomplete Letter Revision # After Permit Is Issued Buittiing Division G Publ W oks , c DETERMINATION OF COMPLETENESS: (Tues, Thurs) Complete J Incomplete ❑ Comments: TUES /THURS ROUTING: Please Route L Fire firention M Planning Division gi I..In 3 - 149 11 n/ q g 3' l `- -v tructural Permit Coordinator Routed by Staff ❑ (if routed by staff, make copy to master file and enter into Sierra) DUE DATE: 3 -16 -99 Not Applicable ❑ No further Review Required REVIEWERS INITIALS: DATE: APPROVALS OR CORRECTIONS: (ten days) DUE DATE: 4 -13 -99 Approved ❑ Approved with Conditions Not Approved (attach comments) ❑ REVIEWERS INITIALS: DATE: CORRECTION DETERMINATION: DUE DATE: Approved ❑ Approved with Conditions ❑ Not Approved (attach comments) ❑ REVIEWERS INITIALS: DATE: Revision No. Date Received Staff Initials Date Issued Staff Initials *J u 2 - qq f Summary of Revision: Summary of Revision: Received By: Received By: Revision No. Date Received Staff Initials Date Issued Staff Initials *J u 2 - qq f Summary of Revision: Summary of Revision: Ve v es-t h nd rai l5 hi 2 z '' co- l� �r>� by 2 - bp Received By: Revision No. Date Received Staff Initials Date Issued Staff Initials *J u 2 - qq f Summary of Revision: Ve v es-t h nd rai l5 hi 2 z '' co- l� �r>� by 2 - bp . match pis rl ear h trrdrai I. . Received By: ( /Lt-+� � A--L.1. Revision No. Date Received Staff Initials Date Issued Staff Initials Summary of Revision: Received By: Revision No. Date Received Staff Initials Date Issued Staff Initials Summary of Revision: Received By: REVISION LOG �Li'ti 1, "?'.:. ::�:! :^., wtwJ' aA:• �15v�( r; �: n. w riy' r�.' sY: XY' ?� ^•Vt.:10:N'S!tl!tt[`.!TT "^0rA:. PROJECT NAME: Nl •D.1� ' ' 137 Exhi bi f PERI J NO:. Ogg Site Address: Cy0u F N'rar ina/ u� y S Original Issue Date: -8 g (please print) (please print) (please print) (please print) (please print) CITY OF TUKWILA Department of Community Development Permit Center 6300 Southcenter Blvd, #100, Tukwila, WA 98188 (206)431 -3670 Date: April 21, 1999 ❑ Response to Incomplete Letter ❑ Response to Correction Letter Revision after Permit Issued Plan Check/Permit Number: Project Name: Museum of Flight - 737 Exhibit Project Address: 9404 East Marginal Way South Contact Person: Richard Beckerman D99 -0080 Phone Number: 764 -5731 Summary of Revision: To request that the ends of the handrails be shortened by 2'/2" at the to of the entrance ram • to match an existin handrail nearb . As currentl desi•ned, the handrail would •ro'ect approximately 6'/2" from the surrounding handrail. As ou are standin• at the to of the ram facin the aircraft, this would occur near the bottom of an adjacent staircase (see attached photograph) where the handrail projects only 4 ". Another safety concern after observation of the area is small children would hit their heads on this projection. When young kids come down the stairs this new handrail would not match the existing and would be above their normal line -of- sight. After successfully negotiating the stairs they will run directly into this type of obstacle. We are also concerned that the sight impaired or those with bi- focals may also not see this obstacle. Shortening the ends by 2' /s" would avoid these risks to our visitors. See attached. Sheet Number(s) , , RECeI UEK�WILA "Cloud" or highlight all areas of revisions,and date r �. -- APR 2 2 1999 Submitted to City of Tukwila Permit Center � A F v PERMIT CENTER Entered in Sierra on `7'22'"4 3/4/99 City of Tukwila Fire Department Fire Department Review Control #D99 -0080 (510) March 16, 1999 Re: Museum of Flight - 9404 East Marginal Way South Dear. Sir: The attached set of building plans have been reviewed by The Fire Prevention Bureau and are acceptable with the following concerns: 1. Exit hardware and marking shall meet the requirements of the Uniform Fire Code. (UFC 1207 -1212) Gates and barriers shall be openable without the use of a key or any special knowledge or effort. Gates and barriers in an exit shall not be locked, chained, bolted, barred, latched or otherwise rendered unopenable at times when the building or area served by the exit is occupied. (UFC 1208.2) When two or more exits from a story are required and when two or more exits froma room or an area are required, exit signs shall be illuminated. (UBC 1003.2.8.4) When two or more exits from a story are required, exit signs shall be installed at the required exits and where otherwise necessary to clearly indicate the direction of egress. (UBC 1003.2.8.2) 2. Sprinkler protection shall be extended to all areas where required, including all enclosed areas, below obstructions and under overhangs greater than four feet wide. (NFPA 13 -4- 5.5.3.1) Refrain from blocking sprinkler coverage with shelving. NFPA st3Qndard #13 states that any shelving or decks in excess of 4 feet in width will require John W. Rants, Mayor Thomas P. Keefe, Fire Chief Headquarters Station: 444 Andover Park East • Tukwila, Washington 98188 • Phone: (206) 575.4404 • Fax (206) 575-4439 City of Tukwila Fire Department Page number 2 installation of sprinklers thereunder. Maintain sprinkler coverage per N.F.P.A. 13. Addition /relocation of walls, closets or partitions may require relocating and /or adding sprinkler heads. John W. Rants, Mayor Thomas P. Keefe, Fire Chief All new sprinkler systems and all modifications to existing sprinkler systems shall have fire department review and approval of drawings prior to installation or modification. New sprinkler systems and all modifications to sprinkler systems involving more than 50 heads shall have the written approval of the W.S.R.B., Factory Mutual, Industrial Risk Insurers, Kemper or any other representative designated and /or recognized by The City of Tukwila, prior to submittal to the Tukwila Fire Prevention Bureau. No sprinkler work shall commence without approved drawings. (City Ordinance #1742) Contact The Tukwila Fire Prevention Bureau to witness all required inspections and tests. (UFC 10.503) (City Ordinance #1742) 3. All electrical work and equipment shall conform strictly to the standards of The National Electrical Code. (NFPA 70) An aisle to and working space shall be provided for each electrical panel. An aisle width not less than 24 inches shall provide access to the panel and 30 inches of working space shall be provided directly in front of the panel. (NEC 110- 16(a), NEC 110- 16(c)) Each circuit breaker shall be legibly marked to indicate it's purpose. (NEC 110 -22) 4. Your street address must be conspicuously posted on the building and shall*be plainly visible and legible from the street. (UFC 901.4.4) Headquarters Station: 444 Andover Park East • Tukwila, Washington 98188 • Phone: (206) 575-4404 • Fax (206) 5754439 1908 TFD, file ncd Any,' overlooked hazardous condition and /or violation of :t adopted Fire or Building Codes does not imply approval o such condition or violation. Yours truly, t o a John W Rants, Mayor Fire. Department Th omas P. Keefe, Fire chief Headquarters Station: 444 Andover Park East • Tukwila, Washington 98188 • Phone: (206) 5754404 • Fax (206) 5754439 AFFIDAVIT IN LIEU OF CONTRACTOR REGISTRATION STATE OF WASHINGTON COUNTY OF KING Richard Beckerman for the Museum of Flight, states as follows: 1. I have made application for a building permit from the City of Tukwila, Washington. 2. I understand that state law requires that all building construction contractors be registered with the State of Washington. The exceptions to this requirement are stated under Section 18.27.090 of the Revised Code Washington, a copy of which is printed on the reverse side of this Affidavit. I have read or am familiar with RCW 18.27.090. 3. I understand that prior to issuance of a building permit for work which is to be done by any contractor, the City of Tukwila must verify either that the contractor is registered by the State of Washington, or that one of the exemptions stated under RCW 18.27.090 applies. 4. In order to provide verification to the City of Tukwila of my compliance with this requirement, I hereby attest that after reading the exemptions from the registration requirement of RCW 18.27.090, I consider the work authorized under this building permit to be exempt under No. 5, 11, & 13 , and will therefore not be performed by a registered contractor. I understand that I may be waiving certain rights that I might otherwise have under state law in any decision to engage an unregistered contractor to perform construction work. AFFCONT.DOC 5/29/96 RECEIVED CITY OF TUKWILA MAR 1 1 1999 PERMIT CENTER CITY OF TlL .i ILA Permit Center 6300 Southcenter Boulevard, Suite 100, Tukwila, WA 98188 Telephone: (206) 431 -3670 ss. NO C in and for the State residing at Name as commissioned: My commission expires: • APPLICANT Signed and sworn to before me this 1/ day of ! 124A-C'W. , 19 9 9. shington, County. Linda Hissong 324 ( 4 ' c vooa as. 009° 18.27.090 Exemptions. This chapter hall not apply to: 1. An authorized representative of the United States Government, the State of Washington, or any incorporated city, town, county, township, irrigation district, reclamation district, or other municipal or political corporation or subdivision of this state; 2. Officers of a court when they are acting within the scope of their office; 3. Public utilities operating under the regulations of the utilities and transportation commission in construction, maintenance, or development work incidental to their own business; 4. Any construction, repair, or operation incidental to the discovering or producing of petroleum or gas, or the drilling, testing, abandoning, or other operation of any petroleum or gas well or any surface or underground mine or mineral deposit when performed by an owner or lessee; 5. The sale or installation of any finished products, materials, or articles of merchandise which are not actually fabricated into and do not become a permanent fixed part of a structure; 6. Any construction, alteration, improvement, or repair of personal property, except this chapter shall apply to all mobile /manufactured housing. A mobile /manufactured home may be installed, set up, or repaired by the registered or legal owner, by a contractor licensed under this chapter, or by a mobile /manufactured home retail dealer or manufacturer licensed under chapter 46.70 RCW; 7. Any construction, alteration, improvement, or repair carried on within the limits and boundaries of any site or reservation under the legal jurisdiction of the federal government; 8. Any person who only furnished materials, supplies, or equipment without fabricating them into, or consuming them in the performance of, the work of the contractor; 9. Any work or operation on one undertaking or project by one or more contracts, the aggregate contract price of which for labor and materials and all other items is less than $500, such work, or operations being considered as of a casual, minor, or inconsequential nature. The exemption prescribed in this subsection does not apply in any instance wherein the work or construction is only a part of a larger or major operation, whether undertaken by the same or a different contractor, or in which a division AFfQD .D005/29/9 \ 6 ^ A1 of the operation is made into contracts of amounts less than $500 for the purpose of evasion of this chapter or otherwise. The exemption prescribed in this subsection does not apply to a person who advertises or puts out any sign or card or other device which might indicate to the public that he is a contractor, or that he is qualified to engage in the business of contractor; 10. Any construction or operation incidental to the construction and repair of irrigation and drainage ditches of regularly constituted irrigation districts or reclamation districts; or to farming, dairying, agriculture, viticulture, horticulture, or stock or poultry raising; or to clearing or other work upon land in rural districts for fire prevention purposes; except when any of the above work is performed by a registered contractor; 11. An owner who contracts for a project with a registered contractor; 12. Any person working on his own property, whether occupied by him or not, and any person working on his residence, whether owned by him or not but this exemption shall not apply to any person otherwise covered by this chapter who constructs an improvement on his own property with the intention and for the purpose of selling the improved property; 13. Owners of commercial properties who use their own employees to do maintenance, repair, and alteration work in or upon their own properties; 14. A licensed architect or civil or professional engineer acting solely in his professional capacity, an electrician licensed under the laws of the state of Washington, or a plumber licensed under the laws of the state of Washington while operating within the boundaries of such political subdivision. The exemption provided in this subsection is applicable only when the licensee is operating within the scope of his license; 15. Any person who engages in the activities herein regulated as an employee of a registered contractor with wages as his sole compensation; 16. Contractors on highway projects who have been prequalified as required by chapter 13 of the Laws of 1961, RCW 47.28.070 with the department of transportation to perform highway construction, reconstruction, or maintenance work. DESIGN TEAM OWNER MUSEUM OF FLIGHT FOUNDATION 9404 EAST MARGINAL WAY SOUTH SEATTLE, WA 98108 TELEPHONE (206) 764 -5700 FAX (206) 764 -5707 RICHARD BECKERMAN PROJECT DIRECTOR ARCHITECTS GREGOV ARCHITECTS 62 KELLER LANE PORT LUDLOW, WA 98365 TELEPHONE (360) 437-7629 FAX (360) 437 -7638 IVO GREGOV STRUCTURAL ENGINEER GENERAL INFORMATION EXISTING SITE AREA: 226,565 SF EXISTING ZONING: M — H HEAVY MANUFACTURING SEISMIC ZONE: ZONE 3 FIRE ZONE: ZONE 3 USE OF EXISTING BUILDING: MUSEUM OCCUPANCY GROUP A, DIVISION 2.1 (3) TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION: TYPE II, 1 HOUR EXISTING BUILDINGS: 185,075 SF EXIST. FIRE EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEM AUTOMATIC FIRE DETECTION SYSTEM SCOPE OF THE NEW WORK THE 737 EXHIBIT PROJECT INCLUDES ADDITION OF A NEW STEEL STRUCTURE FOR A RAMP AT THE GREAT GALLERY THE PROJECT ALSO INCLUDES IMPROVEMEN IS TO THE EXISTING SPRINKLER SYSTEM, TO INCLUDE THE INTERIOR OF THE 737 EXHIBIT. MUSEUM OF FLIGHT 737 EXHIBIT 9404 EAST MARGINAL WAY SOUTH, SEATTLE, WA 98108 EXHIBIT LOCATION 11111111 11111111 L N \ l‘ VARPIVYYLVAN IIIIINIII IIIIIIIIII SITE GALLERIES GREAT GALLERY 737 EXHIBIT tir77 o NEW EXHIBIT RAMP 1 GENERAL NOTES 1. All work shall comply with applicable codes and. ordinances. 2. Verify all dimensions and existing conditions on the job before proceeding with the work. Discrepancies, if any are to be referred to the Architect for direction prior to proceeding with related work.. FILE COPY I understand that the ;Ian Check approvals are subject to errors and omissions and app, oval of plans does not authorize the violation of any adopted code or ordinance. Receipt o1 con- tractor'sN of approved pla ns acknowledyed. By I Date 4 -8 -ga v _ Permit No � l t — "a pcic{ -OcBa SECTION A -A £Y/s7 END �lp7s /2" :4 ✓EZT ENR 4 a - - L4 ° x3 u Xr�e W� 3-39 "� EX/? 6oI7S ' f��EX /S7• /N6 SONG. - _S7RLGTU2E - _rage NEN3 "0 RA✓L MATC/7 EXIST /'6 RANp24 /L f /P6 - L 4x3xq" _a'NO.C#ANNGL - 4X54 c B S7L P[A7E sg PAM fi _ __ - /.6 ° 0NAND2A /L /,' .59E0. 40 P.WiJT I �a "¢ MAGI. f _5 J- ANDR4 /L ',P6 ] 3 -/2 F 3 " GOVT. z VO NA&fINE .SCREW END fe.A7E YEW SECTION B -B PLAN - RAMR DETAIL 3 °, RAIL MATCH EX/5 / 41." Jrn 1 vE,encncs NEW , ATS 3 °E x737: 2q/e, PIPE N6vJ3'k�RA, fr,PE TD BE 4.LTB2ED lI q3 “X 3” END p(a7S At CONNEGT/ON SHOP WEGDED 7y, x /ST ,VP .,Q GA7 ZE �H P /FE Fl L1NG E W/ fit" _ f AT BEAD rzACN sce w \ - 14 MAG7+INE sC.2E�^/ TYP ELEVATION III III 1111 III 111 1111 111 111 II I ll IIII I II II II II II 1 r l I _J _J 4 5n 32 SEATS 2 0 STRUCTURAL STEEL GENERAL NOTES FLOOR PLAN STEEL SHALL CONFORM TO ASTM A 38. STEEL PIPE SHALL CONFORM TO ASTM A 53, TYPES E OR S, GRADE B, EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE NOTED ON PLANS. ALL WORK SHALL BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE AISC "SPECIFICATION FOR THE DESIGN, FABRICATION, AND ERECTION OF STRUCTURAL STEEL FOR BUILDINGS" 9th EDITION. SHOP DRAWINGS SHALL BE SUBMITTED FOR THE ARCHITECT /ENGINEER'S REVIEW BEFORE COMMENCING FABRICATION. SHOP DRAWINGS SHALL SHOW ALL WELDING WITH AWS A2.4 SYMBOLS. ALL WELDING SHALL BE DONE BY AWS CERTIFIED WELDERS, AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH AWS "STRUCTURAL WELDING CODE ", AWS D1.1. MINIMUM WELDING SHALL BE 3/15 INCH. ALL WELDS SHALL. BE MADE USING LOW - HYDROGEN ELECTRODES WITH MINIMUM TENSILE STRENGTH = 70 ksi. THE MINIMUM CONNECTION OF BEAM -TO -BEAM OR BEAM -TO- COLUMN SHALL BE TWO 5/8 INCH DIAMETER A -325 BOLTS. ALL HIGH- STRENGTH BOLTS (B) SHALL BE INSTALLED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE "SPECIFICATION FOR STRUCTURAL JOINTS USING ASTM A 325 BOLTS" AND SHALL BE INSPECTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 6(a) i THROUGH 4. ALL OTHER BOLTS (MB AND AB) SHALL BE ASTM A 307 AND SHALL BE PROVIDED WITH LOCK WASHERS UNDER NUTS OR SELF LOCKING NUTS. op C O 3 , N \ SECTON .," NEW ' "X3. ENp RA76 NEW 3 ° 4 , RAIL FIEw WE(oEC coNN & =c7ioN 7YP NEW 5 "X3 , OAJD PATE MOO /FY EXIST EA, TOP RAIL CONNECTION DETAIL 62 KELLER LANE PORT LUDLOW, WA 98365 ( (360) 437 -7629 3 ) 437 -7638 MUSEUM OF FLIGHT 737 EXHIBIT SEATTLE, WASHINGTON 2 Z5 NO. ,DATE DRAWN BY CHECKED BY DATE JOB NO. SCALE GREGOV ARCHITECTS /24MP DEER /Ls REVISIONS 27 JANUARY 1999 DRAW NG RECEIVED PARTIAL C1T oFruKwILA PLAN, SECTIO I` ` AND ELEVATION CENTER AS NOTED SHEET A -1